User:Y-S.Ko/Wikipedia course/Earth science

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Earth

v t e Earth
Outline History
Atmosphere	Atmosphere of Earth Prebiotic atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Weather
Climate	Climate system Energy balance Climate change Climate variability and change Climatology Paleoclimatology
Continents	Africa Antarctica Asia Australia Europe North America South America
Culture and society	List of sovereign states dependent territories In culture Earth Day Flag Symbol World economy Etymology World history Time zones World
Environment	Biome Biosphere Biogeochemical cycles Ecology Ecosystem Human impact on the environment Evolutionary history of life Nature
Geodesy	Cartography Computer cartography Earth's orbit Geodetic astronomy Geomatics Gravity Navigation Remote Sensing Geopositioning Virtual globe
Geophysics	Earth structure Fluid dynamics Geomagnetism Magnetosphere Mineral physics Seismology Plate tectonics Signal processing Tomography
Geology	Age of Earth Earth science Extremes on Earth Future Geological history Geologic time scale Geologic record History of Earth
Oceans	Antarctic/Southern Ocean Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Pacific Ocean Oceanography
Natural satellite	Moon
Planetary science	Evolution of the Solar System Geology of solar terrestrial planets Location in the Universe Solar System
Category

v t e Earth science
Outline Index
Atmospheric science Environmental science Geodesy Geology Geophysics Glaciology Hydrology Meteorology Oceanography Physical geography Soil science Volcanology
Category Portal Commons

Environmental

v t e Environmental science
Main fields	Atmospheric science Biogeochemistry Ecology Environmental chemistry Geosciences Hydrology Limnology Oceanography Soil science
Related fields	Biology Chemistry green Ecological economics Environmental design Environmental economics Environmental engineering Environmental health epidemiology Environmental studies Environmental humanities Environmental statistics Environmental toxicology Geodesy Physics Radioecology Sustainability science Systems ecology Urban ecology
Applications	Energy conservation Environmental technology Natural resource management Pollution control Public transport encouragement Recycling Remediation Renewable energy Road ecology Sewage treatment Urban metabolism Water purification Waste management
Lists	Degrees Journals Research institutes Glossary Environment by year
See also	Human impact on the environment Sustainability Technogaianism
Category scientists Commons Environment portal WikiProject

Atmospheric

Atmospheric sciences
Meteorology

Atmospheric physics Atmospheric dynamics category Atmospheric chemistry category
Weather category portal Tropical cyclone category
Climatology
Climate category Climate variability and change Climate change category portal
Aeronomy
Aeronomy
Glossaries
Glossary of meteorology Glossary of tropical cyclone terms Glossary of tornado terms Glossary of climate change
v t e

v t e Types and processes of weathering
Chemical weathering	Biological Carbonation Hydrolysis Mineral hydration Oxidation
Physical weathering	Frost weathering Haloclasty Thermal fatigue Thermal shock
Related topics	Erosion Etchplain Fracture Rock Saprolite Space weathering Factors of polymer weathering Taphonomy

Geology

Geology
Part of a series on
Science of the solid Earth
Index Outline Category Glossary History (Timeline)
Key components Minerals Rock (Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic) Sediment Plate tectonics Strata Weathering Erosion Geologic time scale
Laws, principles, theories Stratigraphic principles Principle of original horizontality Law of superposition Principle of lateral continuity Principle of cross-cutting relationships Principle of faunal succession Principle of inclusions and components Walther's law
Topics Composition Geochemistry Mineralogy Sedimentology Petrology Structure of Earth Landform structures Geomorphology Glaciology Structural Geology Volcanology Geologic history Geological history of Earth
Research Branches of geology Geologist (List) Methods Geological survey
Applications Engineering Mining Forensics Military
Planetary geology Lists of geological features of the Solar System Geology of solar terrestrial planets By planet and body Mercury Venus Moon Mars Vesta Ceres Io Titan Triton Pluto Charon
Geology portal
v t e

v t e Meteorological data and variables
General	Adiabatic processes Advection Buoyancy Lapse rate Lightning Surface solar radiation Surface weather analysis Visibility Vorticity Wind Wind shear
Condensation	Cloud Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) Fog Convective condensation level (CCL) Lifted condensation level (LCL) Precipitable water Precipitation Water vapor
Convection	Convective available potential energy (CAPE) Convective inhibition (CIN) Convective instability Convective momentum transport Conditional symmetric instability Convective temperature (T_c) Equilibrium level (EL) Free convective layer (FCL) Helicity K Index Level of free convection (LFC) Lifted index (LI) Maximum parcel level (MPL) Bulk Richardson number (BRN)
Temperature	Dew point (T_d) Dew point depression Dry-bulb temperature Equivalent temperature (T_e) Forest fire weather index Haines Index Heat index Humidex Humidity Relative humidity (RH) Mixing ratio Potential temperature (θ) Equivalent potential temperature (θ_e) Sea surface temperature (SST) Temperature anomaly Thermodynamic temperature Vapor pressure Virtual temperature Wet-bulb temperature Wet-bulb globe temperature Wet-bulb potential temperature Wind chill
Pressure	Atmospheric pressure Baroclinity Barotropicity Pressure gradient Pressure-gradient force (PGF)
Velocity	Maximum potential intensity

Earth-based meteorological equipment and instrumentation

v t e Physical geography
Atmospheric science / Meteorology Biogeography / Phytogeography Climatology / Paleoclimatology / Palaeogeography Coastal geography / Oceanography Soil science / Pedology / Edaphology Geobiology Geology Geomorphology Geostatistics Glaciology Hydrology / Limnology Landscape ecology Quaternary science
Category Portal Commons

Earth-based meteorological observation systems and weather stations

General
Aircraft report (AIREP) Automated airport weather station Automatic weather station (AWS) Binary Universal Form for the Representation of meteorological data (BUFR) Dropsonde Hurricane Hunters Mesonet Meteorological Aerodrome Report (METAR) Pilot report (PIREP) Weather ship

By region

Worldwide

United States

v t e Physical geography
Atmospheric science / Meteorology Biogeography / Phytogeography Climatology / Paleoclimatology / Palaeogeography Coastal geography / Oceanography Soil science / Pedology / Edaphology Geobiology Geology Geomorphology Geostatistics Glaciology Hydrology / Limnology Landscape ecology Quaternary science
Category Portal Commons

v t e Geophysics
Overview	Outline Geophysicists
Subfields	Geodynamics Geophysical survey Geomagnetism Geomathematics Geophysical fluid dynamics Mineral physics Near-surface geophysics Paleomagnetism Seismology Tectonophysics
Physical phenomena	Chandler wobble Coriolis effect Earth's energy budget Earth's magnetic field Geodynamo Geothermal gradient Gravity of Earth Mantle convection Precession of the equinoxes Seismic wave Tide
Related disciplines	Geodesy
Geophysics portal Category Commons

v t e Geology
Overviews	Outline of geology Glossary of geology History of geology Index of geology articles
History of geology	Geochronology Geological history of Earth Timeline of geology
Composition and structure	Cosmochemistry Crystallography Geochemistry Mineralogy Petrology Sedimentology
Historical geology	Stratigraphy Paleontology Paleoclimatology Palaeogeography
Dynamic Earth	Structural geology Geodynamics Plate tectonics Geomorphology Volcanology
Water	Glaciology Hydrogeology Marine geology
Geodesy	Cartography Earth's orbit Geodetic astronomy Geomatics Gravity of Earth Planetary geodesy Remote sensing Geopositioning
Geophysics	Geomagnetism Geophysical survey Planetary geophysics Seismology Tectonophysics
Applications	Biogeology Economic geology Engineering geology Environmental geology Planetary geology Geobiology Geologic modelling Forensic geology Forensic geophysics Meteoritics Mining geology Mineral physics
Occupations	Geologist Petroleum geologist Volcanologist
Geology portal Geology Geology

v t e Minerals
Overview	Mineral List Mineralogy History
Common minerals	Amphibole Bridgmanite K-feldspar Mica Olivine Plagioclase Pyroxene Quartz Spinel
Related	Industrial mineral
Minerals portal

Natural resources

Pollution / quality	Ambient standards (US) Index Indoor Law Clean Air Act (US) Ozone depletion
Emissions	Airshed Trading Deforestation (REDD)

Bio
Law
Resources
Fossil fuels (gas, peak coal, peak gas, peak oil)
Geothermal
Hydro
Nuclear
Solar
- sunlight
- shade
Wind

Agricultural
- arable
  - peak farmland
Degradation
Field
Landscape
Law
- property
Management
- habitat conservation
Minerals
- gemstone
- industrial
- ore
  - metal
- mining
  - law
  - sand
- peak
  - copper
  - phosphorus
- rights
Soil
Use
- planning
- reserve

Types / location	Aquifer storage and recovery Drinking Fresh Groundwater pollution recharge remediation Hydrosphere Ice bergs glacial polar Irrigation huerta Marine Rain harvesting Stormwater Surface water Sewage reclaimed water Watershed
Aspects	Desalination Floods Law Leaching Sanitation improved Scarcity Security Supply Efficiency Conflict Conservation Peak water Pollution Privatization Quality Right Resources improved policy

Related

Commons enclosure global land tragedy of Economics ecological land Ecosystem services Exploitation overexploitation Earth Overshoot Day Management adaptive Natural capital accounting good Natural heritage Nature reserve remnant natural area Systems ecology Urban ecology Wilderness
Resource	Common-pool Conflict (perpetuation) Curse Depletion Extraction Nationalism Renewable / Non-renewable

Category

Common igneous rocks classified by silicon dioxide content

Type	Ultramafic <45% SiO₂	Mafic 45–52% SiO₂	Intermediate 52–63% SiO₂	Intermediate–felsic 63–69% SiO₂	Felsic >69% SiO₂
Volcanic rocks: Subvolcanic rocks: Plutonic rocks:	Picrite basalt Peridotite	Basalt Diabase (Dolerite) Gabbro	Andesite Microdiorite Diorite	Dacite Microgranodiorite Granodiorite	Rhyolite Microgranite Granite

v t e Magmatic processes
Components of magma	Liquid phase Igneous minerals Dissolved and exolved gases
Processes	Fractional crystallization Assimilation Magma mixing Magma mingling Exsolution of gases Outgassing Partial melting Anorogenic magmatism Flux melting
Surface manifestations	Igneous rock Geothermal systems Geothermal gradient anomalies Volcanism

v t e Metamorphic petrology
Types of metamorphism	Ultra-high-pressure metamorphism Ultra-high-temperature metamorphism
Metamorphic rocks	Metamorphic rock Amphibolite Anatexis Augen Schist
Metamorphic processes	Dynamic quartz recrystallization Foliation (geology)
Category Portal

v t e Volcanoes
Types	Caldera Cinder cone Complex volcano Cryovolcano Cryptovolcanic structure Fissure vent Lava cone Lava dome Maar Mud volcano Parasitic cone Pyroclastic cone Pyroclastic shield Rootless cone Shield volcano Somma volcano Stratovolcano Subglacial volcano Submarine volcano Supervolcano Tossol Volcanic cone Harmonic tremor
Volcanic rocks	Agglomerate Andesite Basalt Basaltic andesite Benmoreite Blairmorite Cinder Dacite Felsite Ignimbrite Komatiite Lapilli Latite Leucitite Nephelinite Obsidian Phonolite Phonotephrite Pumice Rhyodacite Rhyolite Tephra Tephriphonolite Trachyandesite Trachybasalt Trachyte Tuff Pyroclastic fall Pyroclastic flow
Lists and groups	Hotspot Lists of volcanoes Eruptions by death toll Decade Volcanoes Volcanic arc Volcanic belt Volcanic field monogenetic polygenetic
Category Commons Portal WikiProject

See also

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