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The following events occurred in June 1931:

Monday, June 1, 1931

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Tuesday, June 2, 1931

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  • The British House of Commons approved a law abolishing the death penalty for pregnant women and replacing it with life imprisonment.[3]
  • Born: Larry Jackson, baseball player, in Nampa, Idaho (d. 1990)
  • Died: Joseph W. Farnham, 46, American playwright, screenwriter and film editor

Wednesday, June 3, 1931

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Thursday, June 4, 1931

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  • The Spanish provisional government issued a decree declaring 1,600 churches and castles to be "historical and artistic monuments belonging to the nation's artistic treasures" that could not be disposed of or altered without government approval.[9]
  • Berlin Police President Albert Grzesinski banned the Nazi newspaper Der Angriff for a month for violating the emergency decree of March 28.[10]
  • Died: Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, 77, King of the Hejaz from 1916 to 1924.

Friday, June 5, 1931

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Saturday, June 6, 1931

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Sunday, June 7, 1931

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Monday, June 8, 1931

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  • A British committee awarded sole ownership of the Wailing Wall to the Muslims, but granted Jews access at all times.[20]
  • Born: Dana Wynter, German-born English actress, in Berlin (d. 2011)

Tuesday, June 9, 1931

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  • Twenty-one Royal Navy personnel on the British submarine HMS Poseidon were killed after the vessel collided with a Chinese cargo ship off of the coast of Weihai (Port Edward) and sank. Five of the 26 people on Poseidon survived, after being part of a group of eight who were able to use the Davis Submerged Escape Apparatus to escape the forward end of the boat.[21][22]
  • The Italian government sent a note to the Vatican explaining the reasons for the recent banning of Catholic organizations throughout Italy, accusing them of plotting against the government. The note also expressed regret at reports of Fascist violence against the Catholic church, but fell short of the formal apology that the Vatican was seeking.[23]
  • Born:
  • Died: Henrique Oswald, 79, Brazilian composer and pianist

Wednesday, June 10, 1931

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Thursday, June 11, 1931

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  • Rioting broke out across Germany in anger at the government's austerity measures.[24]
  • Britain's Labour coalition government appeared to be on the verge of collapse when Liberal leader David Lloyd George announced he would not support the proposed land value tax without an amendment.[25]

Friday, June 12, 1931

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June 13, 1931: Paul Doumer inaugurated as President of France

Saturday, June 13, 1931

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Sunday, June 14, 1931

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June 14, 1931: More than 500 people drown in capsizing of French excursion boat Saint-Philibert in the Loire River

Monday, June 15, 1931

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  • Britain's Labour government was defeated in a surprise vote in the House of Commons on a minor amendment in the land tax bill, but it refused to accept the defeat as cause for resignation because many benches were empty. A second vote was called, which the government won by 14 votes.[31]
  • Cardinal Pedro Segura y Sáenz was ordered to leave Spain.[32]
  • U.S. President Herbert Hoover gave a lengthy speech in Indianapolis on the economy and the government's measures to fight the Depression. "We have come out of each previous depression into a period of prosperity greater than ever before", Hoover said. "We shall do so this time." Hoover said that the "underlying forces of recovery are asserting themselves."[33]
  • Died: Anna Adams Gordon, 77, American temperance leader

Tuesday, June 16, 1931

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Wednesday, June 17, 1931

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  • The Spanish provisional government received notes of protests from the Vatican and exiled cardinal Pedro Segura y Sáenz, claiming he had been mistreated at the hands of authorities and that only the Vatican had the right to recall a prelate.[34]

Thursday, June 18, 1931

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Friday, June 19, 1931

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  • The first commercial photodetector and motor system, commonly called an "electric eye", was installed by the General Electric company to operate the door between the kitchen and dining area of a restaurant in West Haven, Connecticut. GE marketed the system under the brand name "Magic Eye".[8][37]

Saturday, June 20, 1931

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Sunday, June 21, 1931

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  • Film actress Evalyn Knapp was seriously injured in a fall from a cliff while hiking Hollywood Heights. Doctors feared she would be permanently paralyzed, but she recovered in a few months.[39][40]
  • Parliamentary elections were held in Bulgaria, with a victory for the four-party coalition known as the Popular Bloc.
  • Born: Margaret Heckler, U.S. Representative for Massachusetts who later served as U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services and later as U.S. Ambassador to Ireland; in Flushing, Queens, New York (d. 2018)
  • Died: Lieutenant Hugh Chevis, 28, British Army officer, died of poisoning from strychnine that had been placed in his dinner the night before. The apparent homicide was never solved, despite several telegrams from a person identifying himself as "J. Hartigan" and suspicion of several persons, including Mrs. Chevis.

Monday, June 22, 1931

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Tuesday, June 23, 1931

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Wiley and Gatty in Berlin

Wednesday, June 24, 1931

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Thursday, June 25, 1931

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Friday, June 26, 1931

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  • Spain fired Ramón Franco as chief of Aeronautics for alleged involvement in an anarchist plot to disrupt Sunday's elections. Due to fears of Franco's popularity, the decision was made not to imprison him.[48]
  • Bela Lugosi became a naturalized American citizen.[49]
  • Born: Colin Wilson, novelist and philosopher, in Leicester, England (d. 2013)

Saturday, June 27, 1931

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  • The Republic of Galicia was proclaimed in northwestern Spain by leftist Antón Alonso Ríos and Pedro Campos Couceiro, after the new Spanish Republic government temporarily halted construction of a railroad line intended to link the Galician city of Ourense to the larger city of Zamora. The government of Spain agreed to resume railway construction and the declaration of independence was rescinded after a few hours.
  • The French Chamber of Deputies voted to accept the Hoover Moratorium with reservations.[50]
  • Born: Martinus J. G. Veltman, theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate, in Waalwijk, Netherlands (d. 2021)

Sunday, June 28, 1931

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  • General elections were held in Spain, with socialist parties winning the largest share of voting. Eight died in various outbreaks of violence around the country.[51]
  • Died: Henry Hobbs, 44, American football player and coach, died from heart disease

Monday, June 29, 1931

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Tuesday, June 30, 1931

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References

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  1. ^ Allen, Jay (June 2, 1931). "Spain Wipes Out All Titles of Nobility". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  2. ^ a b c Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. pp. 403–404. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  3. ^ "Tageseinträge für 2. Juni 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  4. ^ Steele, John (June 4, 1931). "Cameronian Favorite, Wins English Derby". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 27.
  5. ^ White, Justin (2009). The Concise New Makers of Modern Culture. Routledge. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-134-02139-0.
  6. ^ Jeffett, William. "Paranoiac Surrealism." Barcelona and Modernity: Picasso, Gaudí, Miró, Dalí. Ed. William H. Robinson, Jordi Falgàs, Carmen Belen Lord. Yale University Press, 2006. p. 348. ISBN 978-0-300-12106-3
  7. ^ Shanes, Eric (2014). Dalí. Parkstone International. p. 92. ISBN 978-1-78310-087-3.
  8. ^ a b c d e "1931". Music And History. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  9. ^ "Spain Takes Over 1,600 Churches, Castles as "Art"". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 5, 1931. p. 5.
  10. ^ "Tageseinträge für 4. Juni 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  11. ^ Steele, John (June 6, 1931). "German Chiefs Reach Britain to Seek Debt Cuts". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 2.
  12. ^ a b "L'Allemagne en 1931". Krononations. Archived from the original on May 22, 2015. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  13. ^ "Capone Indicted by U.S.; Surrenders". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 6, 1931. p. 1.
  14. ^ "Tageseinträge für 5. Juni 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  15. ^ Davidson, Eugene (1997). The Making of Adolf Hitler: The Birth and Rise of Nazism. University of Missouri Press. p. 296. ISBN 978-0-8262-1117-0.
  16. ^ "Skippy Browning Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved July 12, 2021.
  17. ^ "Seize Capone's Miami Home". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 7, 1931. p. 1.
  18. ^ "Tageseinträge für 6. Juni 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  19. ^ Доровская, Наталья. Историко-генеалогический словарь-справочник (in Russian). Наталья Доровская. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  20. ^ "Britain Awards Wailing Wall to the Moslems". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 9, 1931. p. 4.
  21. ^ "8 Trapped Men Reported Saved from Submarine". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 11, 1931. p. 7.
  22. ^ Kaiman, Jonathan (October 18, 2013). "The Poseidon adventure: China's secret salvage of Britain's sunken submarine". The Guardian. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  23. ^ "Mussolini Says He's Sorry, but Accuses Vatican". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 10, 1931. p. 22.
  24. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (June 12, 1931). "German Riots Spread; Police Fire on Reds". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  25. ^ "Labor Rule Near Fall in Britain; Liberals Bolt". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 12, 1931. p. 5.
  26. ^ Charnov, Bruce H. (2003). "Amelia Earhart, John M. Miller and the First Transcontinental Autogiro Flight in 1931". Aviation History. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  27. ^ Pegler, Westbrook (June 14, 1931). "Twenty Grand Wins Belmont; Sets Record". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. Part 2, p. 1.
  28. ^ Steele, John (June 14, 1931). "Laborites Avert Crisis; M'Donald Cabinet Saved". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 18.
  29. ^ "President of Venezuela is Forced to Quit". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 14, 1931. p. 18.
  30. ^ "400 Lives Lost". The Brisbane Courier. Brisbane: 13. June 16, 1931.
  31. ^ "British Cabinet Beaten by Tory Coup on Land Tax". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 16, 1931. p. 21.
  32. ^ Allen, Jay (June 16, 1931). "Spain Deports Cardinal; Mob Hunts for Him". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  33. ^ "Text of Hoover's First Campaign Speech of 1932 Presidential Fight". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 16, 1931. p. 6.
  34. ^ Allen, Jay (June 18, 1931). "Exiled Cardinal Charges Spain Mistreated Him". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 13.
  35. ^ "Youth Belongs to State, Duce Tells Church". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 18, 1931. p. 1.
  36. ^ "2,600,000 Volt X-Ray Shot by Three Foot Tube". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 19, 1931. p. 10.
  37. ^ "Door that opens itself is boon to waitresses", Popular Mechanics (February 1931) p. 199
  38. ^ Henning, Arthur Sears (June 21, 1931). "Suspend War Debts – Hoover". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  39. ^ "Evelyn Knapp, Young Star, Falls Off Cliff". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 22, 1931. p. 2.
  40. ^ Aliperti, Cliff (August 14, 2012). "Smart Money (1931) Starring Edward G. Robinson and James Cagney". Immortal Ephemera. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  41. ^ "124 Given Heavy Terms in Italy's Fight on Mafia". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 23, 1931. p. 2.
  42. ^ "Tageseinträge für 22. Juni 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  43. ^ Sherman, Stephen (2011). "Wiley Post". Ace Pilots. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  44. ^ "Tageseinträge für 24. Juni 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  45. ^ Henning, Arthur Sears (June 25, 1931). "France Offers Own Plan for Debt Holiday". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  46. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (June 26, 1931). "Banks of World Allow Big Loan to Reichsbank". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 5.
  47. ^ "Four Newspapers Gagged in Cuba by Censorship". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 26, 1931. p. 22.
  48. ^ Allen, Jay (June 27, 1931). "Spain Fires Sea Flyer as Head of Air Service". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 12.
  49. ^ Rhodes, Gary Don (1997). Lugosi: His Life in Films, on Stage, and in the Hearts of Horror Lovers. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-7864-2765-9.
  50. ^ Taylor, Edmond (June 27, 1931). "Debt Plan Wins in France". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  51. ^ "Spain Supports Republic at Polls; 8 Slain". Chicago Daily Tribune. June 29, 1931. p. 3.