Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2018.
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Echinoderms edit
Research edit
- A study on the morphology of specimens of the blastoid species Deltoblastus batheri and Deltoblastus delta from the Permian of Timor, evaluating whether the differences indicative of niche differentiation could be detected, is published by Morgan (2018).[2]
- A study on the morphological development of the primary large thecal plate in the widest part of the theca of Guizhoueocrinus yui is published online by Wang et al. (2018).[3]
- Fatka, Nohejlová & Lefebvre (2018) interpret enigmatic Drumian echinoderm Lapillocystites fragilis as likely junior synonym of the edrioasteroid species Stromatocystites pentangularis.[4]
- A study on the frequency of breakage and regeneration in the spines of the Middle Devonian camerate Gennaeocrinus and late Paleozoic cladids, as well as a survey of the prevalence of spinosity and infestation by platyceratid gastropods on crinoids during the Paleozoic, is published by Syverson et al. (2018).[5]
- Brachial spines of pirasocrinid cladid crinoids displaying evidence for multiple episodes of breakage and regeneration are described from the Upper Pennsylvanian Ames Member of the Glenshaw Formation (Ohio, United States) by Thomka & Eddy (2018).[6]
- A study on the morphology of arms of fossil and modern crinoids spanning from the Ordovician to the recent, evaluating whether known crinoid clades had more capacity to evolve morphological variation around the time of their origin than later in their evolutionary history, is published by Pimiento et al. (2018).[7]
- A study on the changes of the body sizes of crinoids after the Late Devonian extinction is published by Brom, Salamon & Gorzelak (2018).[8]
- A study on the phylogenetic relationships of disparid crinoids is published by Ausich (2018).[9]
- A study on the microstructure of the stalk of the Triassic crinoid Holocrinus is published by Gorzelak (2018), who interprets his findings as indicating that Holocrinus was likely capable of stalk autotomy.[10]
- A study on the occurrences of post-Paleozoic (Ladinian to Ypresian) crinoids from northeast Spain, on the main stratigraphic and sedimentological features of the sedimentary units that have yielded complete identifiable crinoids, and on their implications for reconstructing the environmental distribution of these crinoids, is published by Zamora et al. (2018).[11]
- 37 new Antarctic and Australian occurrences of Cenozoic isocrinid crinoids, representing nine different species in three genera, are reported by Whittle et al. (2018), who interpret their findings as indicating that isocrinid migration from shallow to deep water during the Mesozoic marine revolution did not occur at the same time all over the world.[12]
- A study on the evolution of Paleozoic starfish is published by Blake (2018), who names new extinct orders Euaxosida, Hadrosida, and Kermasida, as well as new families Lacertasteridae, Permasteridae, and Illusioluididae.[13]
- A study on the evolution of the species richness and morphological diversity of sea urchins in the Jurassic (Toarcian to Tithonian stages) is published by Boivin et al. (2018).[14]
New taxa edit
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Thuy, Numberger-Thuy & Jagt |
A brittle star belonging to the order Amphilepidida, the superfamily Ophionereidoidea and the family Amphilimnidae. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Stara & Marini |
A sand dollar belonging to the family Astriclypeidae. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Thuy, Numberger-Thuy & Jagt |
A brittle star belonging to the family Amphiuridae. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Thuy, Numberger-Thuy & Jagt |
A brittle star belonging to the family Amphiuridae, a species of Amphiura. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Ausich et al. |
Brechin Lagerstätte |
A disparid crinoid belonging to the family Anomalocrinidae. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gladwell |
A stenurid brittle star. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Smith & Jagt in Jagt et al. |
A sea urchin. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Cole et al. |
||||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Cole et al. |
||||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Mao et al. |
A crinoid. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) |
A crinoid. The type species is A. portusadernensis. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gladwell |
A stenurid brittle star. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
A starfish belonging to the family Korethrasteridae. The type species is B. fusiliformis |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Blake, Halligan & Larson |
||||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale in Gale, Sadorf & Jagt |
A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Thuy et al. |
A brittle star belonging to the family Ophiacanthidae. The type species is B. tolis. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Mooi et al. |
Early Miocene |
A sand dollar belonging to the group Scutelliformes. The type species is C. maquedensis |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Donovan in Bogolepova et al. |
A crinoid belonging to the subclass Disparida, to the order Pisocrinida and to the family Pisocrinidae. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Cole et al. |
||||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Mihaljević & Rosenblatt |
A species of Clypeaster. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Forner Valls & Moreno Bedmar |
A sea urchin. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) |
A crinoid. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Blake & Koniecki |
Canyon Series, Graford Group |
A starfish belonging to the order Kermasida and to the family Permasteridae. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bischof, Hostettler & Menkveld-Gfeller |
St-Ursanne Formation |
A sea urchin belonging to the group Cidaroida and the family Diplocidaridae. Originally described as a species of Diplocidaris, but subsequently made the type species of the separate genus Pseudodiplocidaris.[33] |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Rozhnov |
Katnikov Beds |
A cladid crinoid related to Crotalocrinites. The type species is E. uralicus |
||||
|
Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Merle & Roux |
A stalked crinoid, possibly the oldest known member of the family Phrynocrinidae. The type species is E. hessi; genus also includes new species E. bayani, as well as "Bourgueticrinus" didymus Schauroth (1855). |
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|
Sp. nov |
In press |
Botting |
Late Ordovician |
A camerate crinoid. Announced in 2018; the final version of the article naming it is not published yet. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Smith & Jagt in Jagt et al. |
A sea urchin. |
|||||
|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
A starfish belonging to the family Pterasteridae. Genus includes "Savignaster" trimbachensis Gale (2011). |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) |
A crinoid. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) |
A crinoid. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Forner Valls |
Maestrat Basin |
A heart urchin. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Elattaar |
A heart urchin. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
In press |
Botting |
Late Ordovician |
A crinoid belonging to the group Disparida. Announced in 2018; the final version of the article naming it is not published yet. |
||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Botting |
Late Ordovician |
A crinoid belonging to the group Cladida. Genus includes new species I. praecursor. Announced in 2018; the final version of the article naming it is not published yet. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Waters & Klug |
A crinoid. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Hagdorn |
Middle Triassic (late Anisian) |
A stem-sea urchin belonging to the family Proterocidaridae. Genus includes new species L. mirabeti. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Thuy, Numberger-Thuy & Jagt |
A basket star belonging to the family Asteronychidae. The type species is L. lamentatiofelium. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Reich et al. |
A member of Ophiocistioidea belonging to the family Linguaserridae. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
A starfish belonging to the family Pterasteridae. Genus includes new species L. delsatei |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gladwell |
||||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale in Gale, Sadorf & Jagt |
A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida. |
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|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Müller et al. |
Early Devonian |
A brittle star belonging to the family Protasteridae. Genus includes new species L. martini, as well as L. schweitzeri. |
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|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Ausich, Rhenberg & Meyer |
A crinoid belonging to the family Batocrinidae. |
|||||
|
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Thuy & Stöhr |
Early and Middle Jurassic (Toarcian to Bajocian) |
A basket star. The type species is M. alissawhitegluzae; genus also includes M. arcusinimicus. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schlüter & Wiese |
A sea urchin. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Eagle, Hoskin & Hayward |
||||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lin et al. |
Ordovician (latest Floian-earliest Dapingian) |
A crinoid related to Iocrinus. The type species is M. dawanensis. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Mao et al. |
A crinoid. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Rousseau & Thuy in Rousseau, Gale & Thuy |
A brittle star belonging to the group Ophiurina and the family Ophiopyrgidae. The type species is O. hoybergia. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Thuy, Numberger-Thuy & Jagt |
A brittle star belonging to the order Ophiacanthida and the family Ophiotomidae. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cole & Toom |
A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Monobathrida. Genus includes new species P. jaanussoni. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lefebvre & Lerosey-Aubril |
A solutan echinoderm. Genus includes new species P. utahensis. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Sumrall & Zamora |
An isorophinid edrioasteroid. Genus includes new species P. tamiformis. Announced in 2018; the final version of the article naming it is not published yet. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale in Gale, Sadorf & Jagt |
A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida. Genus includes new species P. sadorfi. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Alves et al. |
A sea urchin belonging to the family Faujasiidae. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Forner Valls |
Margues del Forcall Formation |
A sea urchin. |
||||
|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Mooi et al. |
Early Miocene |
A sand dollar belonging to the group Scutelliformes. The type species is "Abertella" complanata Brito (1981). |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Fouquet, Roney & Wilke |
A sea urchin. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Rousseau & Gale in Rousseau, Gale & Thuy |
A starfish belonging to the family Asteriidae. The type species is P. janusensis. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cole et al. |
A camerate crinoid belonging to Order Diplobathrida. Genus includes new species P. elegans. |
|||||
|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Paul |
A member of Diploporita belonging to the family Aristocystitidae; a new genus for "Aristocystites" sculptus Barrande (1887). |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
A starfish belonging to the family Pterasteridae. Genus includes new species P. amourensis |
|||||
|
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Baumiller & Fordyce |
A feather star. Genus includes "Cypelometra" aotearoa Eagle (2007). |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Hess & Thuy |
A cyrtocrinid crinoid. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) |
A crinoid. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
Late Cretaceous (early Campanian) |
A crinoid. |
||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cole & Toom |
A camerate crinoid belonging to the group Diplobathrida and the family Opsiocrinidae. Genus includes new species S. krossi. |
|||||
|
Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Stara, Charbonnier & Borghi |
A heart urchin. The type species is S. caschilii; genus also includes S. arburensis, as well as "Prospatangus" thieryi Lambert (1909). |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Rousseau & Gale in Rousseau, Gale & Thuy |
A starfish belonging to the family Pterasteridae. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Blake & Koniecki |
A starfish belonging to the order Hadrosida and to the family Palaeasteridae. The type species is S. keslingi. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Sumrall & Zamora |
A pyrgocystid edrioasteroid. Genus includes new species S. lefebvrei. Announced in 2018; the final version of the article naming it is not published yet. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Ishida et al. |
A brittle star. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
In press |
Botting |
Late Ordovician |
A crinoid belonging to the group Cladida. Genus includes new species S. advorsa. Announced in 2018; the final version of the article naming it is not published yet. |
||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Mao et al. |
A crinoid. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Hess & Thuy |
A cyrtocrinid crinoid. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Gale |
A starfish belonging to the family Korethrasteridae. Genus includes new species T. fontenoillensis |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Donovan, Waters & Pankowski |
A crinoid. Genus includes new species T. (col.) hanshessi |
|||||
|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Mao et al. |
A crinoid. |
|||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Neumann & Girod |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
A starfish belonging to the family Goniasteridae. Genus includes new species W. intermedius. |
||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Müller & Hahn |
Early Devonian |
A member of Edrioasteroidea belonging to the family Agelacrinitidae. Genus includes new species W. poschmanni. |
||||
|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Thompson et al. |
A stem-sea urchin. The type species is Y. luopingensis. |
References edit
- ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- ^ Ryan FitzGerald Morgan (2018). "Niche partitioning as a mechanism for locally high species diversity within a geographically limited genus of blastoid". PLOS ONE. 13 (5): e0197512. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1397512M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0197512. PMC 5955570. PMID 29768486.
- ^ Dezhi Wang; Jin Peng; Jorge Esteve; Yang Yuning; Rongqin Wen (2018). "New insight on thecal plate development in early Cambrian eocrinoids: an example from South China". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 32 (4): 441–451. doi:10.1080/08912963.2018.1499019. S2CID 91583402.
- ^ Oldřich Fatka; Martina Nohejlová; Bertrand Lefebvre (2018). "Lapillocystites BARRANDE is the edrioasteroid Stromatocystites POMPECKJ (Cambrian, Echinodermata)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 289 (2): 139–148. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2018/0754. S2CID 134182301.
- ^ Valerie J. P. Syverson; Carlton E. Brett; Forest J. Gahn; Tomasz K. Baumiller (2018). "Spinosity, regeneration, and targeting among Paleozoic crinoids and their predators". Paleobiology. 44 (2): 290–305. doi:10.1017/pab.2017.38.
- ^ James R. Thomka; Donald B. Eddy (2018). "Repeated regeneration of crinoid spines in the Upper Pennsylvanian of eastern Ohio: evidence of elevated predation intensity and significance for predator-driven evolution of crinoid morphology". PALAIOS. 33 (11): 508–513. Bibcode:2018Palai..33..508T. doi:10.2110/palo.2018.058. S2CID 133788797.
- ^ Catalina Pimiento; Kit Lam Tang; Samuel Zamora; Christian Klug; Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra (2018). "Assessing canalisation of intraspecific variation on a macroevolutionary scale: the case of crinoid arms through the Phanerozoic". PeerJ. 6: e4899. doi:10.7717/peerj.4899. PMC 5985148. PMID 29868289.
- ^ Krzysztof R. Brom; Mariusz A. Salamon; Przemysław Gorzelak (2018). "Body-size increase in crinoids following the end-Devonian mass extinction". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): Article number 9606. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.9606B. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27986-x. PMC 6018515. PMID 29942036.
- ^ William I. Ausich (2018). "Morphological paradox of disparid crinoids (Echinodermata): phylogenetic analysis of a Paleozoic clade". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 137 (2): 159–176. doi:10.1007/s13358-018-0147-z. S2CID 90584672.
- ^ Przemysław Gorzelak (2018). "Microstructural evidence for stalk autotomy in Holocrinus – The oldest stem-group isocrinid". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 506: 202–207. Bibcode:2018PPP...506..202G. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.06.036. S2CID 134087421.
- ^ Samuel Zamora; Marcos Aurell; Margaret Veitch; James Saulsbury; Mikel A. López-Horgue; Fernando A. Ferratges; José Antonio Arz; Tomasz K. Baumiller (2018). "Environmental distribution of post-Palaeozoic crinoids from the Iberian and south-Pyrenean basins, NE Spain". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 63 (4): 779–794. doi:10.4202/app.00520.2018.
- ^ Rowan J. Whittle; Aaron W. Hunter; David J. Cantrill; Kenneth J. McNamara (2018). "Globally discordant Isocrinida (Crinoidea) migration confirms asynchronous Marine Mesozoic Revolution". Communications Biology. 1: Article number 46. doi:10.1038/s42003-018-0048-0. PMC 6123680. PMID 30271929.
- ^ Daniel B. Blake (2018). "Toward a history of the Paleozoic Asteroidea (Echinodermata)" (PDF). Bulletins of American Paleontology. 394: 1–96.
- ^ Simon Boivin; Thomas Saucède; Rémi Laffont; Emilie Steimetz; Pascal Neige (2018). "Diversification rates indicate an early role of adaptive radiations at the origin of modern echinoid fauna". PLOS ONE. 13 (3): e0194575. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1394575B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194575. PMC 5864014. PMID 29566024.
- ^ a b c d e Ben Thuy; Lea D. Numberger-Thuy; John W. M. Jagt (2018). "An unusual assemblage of ophiuroids (Echinodermata) from the late Maastrichtian of South Carolina, USA". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 137 (2): 337–356. doi:10.1007/s13358-018-0166-9. S2CID 134445647.
- ^ Paolo Stara; Federico Marini (2018). "Amphiope caronei n. sp. (Echinoidea Astriclypeidae) from the Tortonian of Cessaniti, Vibo Valentia Province, Calabria, Italy" (PDF). Biodiversity Journal. 9 (1): 73–88.
- ^ William I. Ausich; David F. Wright; Selina R. Cole; Joseph M. Koniecki (2018). "Disparid and hybocrinid crinoids (Echinodermata) from the Upper Ordovician (lower Katian) Brechin Lagerstätte of Ontario". Journal of Paleontology. 92 (5): 850–871. doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.154. S2CID 134169147.
- ^ a b c David J. Gladwell (2018). "Asterozoans from the Ludlow Series (upper Silurian) of Leintwardine, Herefordshire, UK". Papers in Palaeontology. 4 (1): 101–160. doi:10.1002/spp2.1101. S2CID 135239943.
- ^ a b John W.M. Jagt; Osman Salad Hersi; Hilal S. Al-Zeidi; Andrew B. Smith (2018). "Mid-Cretaceous echinoids from the Dhalqut Formation of Dhofar, southern Oman – Taxonomy and biostratigraphical implications". Cretaceous Research. 89: 75–91. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.03.012. S2CID 135103758.
- ^ a b c d Selina R. Cole; William I. Ausich; David F. Wright; Joseph M. Koniecki (2018). "An echinoderm Lagerstätte from the Upper Ordovician (Katian), Ontario: taxonomic re-evaluation and description of new dicyclic camerate crinoids". Journal of Paleontology. 92 (3): 488–505. doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.151. S2CID 135388304.
- ^ a b c d Yingyan Mao; Gary D. Webster; William I. Ausich; Yue Li; Qiulai Wang; Mike Reich (2018). "A new crinoid fauna from the Taiyuan Formation (early Permian) of Henan, North China". Journal of Paleontology. 92 (6): 1066–1080. doi:10.1017/jpa.2018.27. S2CID 134957155.
- ^ a b c d e f Andrew Scott Gale (2018). "An integrated microcrinoid zonation for the lower Campanian chalks of southern England, and its implications for correlation". Cretaceous Research. 87: 312–357. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2017.02.002. S2CID 132123752.
- ^ a b c d e Andy S. Gale (2018). "Origin and phylogeny of velatid asteroids (Echinodermata, Neoasteroidea)—new evidence from the Jurassic". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 137 (2): 279–318. doi:10.1007/s13358-018-0155-z. S2CID 134504809.
- ^ Daniel B. Blake; William K. Halligan; Neal L. Larson (2018). "A new species of the asteroid genus Betelgeusia (Echinodermata) from methane seep settings, Late Cretaceous of South Dakota". Journal of Paleontology. 92 (2): 196–206. doi:10.1017/jpa.2017.96. S2CID 134984198.
- ^ a b c Andrew S. Gale; Eric Sadorf; John W.M. Jagt (2018). "Roveacrinida (Crinoidea, Articulata) from the upper Maastrichtian Peedee Formation (upper Cretaceous) of North Carolina, USA – The last pelagic microcrinoids". Cretaceous Research. 85: 176–192. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.01.008.
- ^ Ben Thuy; Neil H. Landman; Neal L. Larson; Lea D. Numberger-Thuy (2018). "Brittle-star mass occurrence on a Late Cretaceous methane seep from South Dakota, USA". Scientific Reports. 8 (1): Article number 9617. Bibcode:2018NatSR...8.9617T. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27326-z. PMC 6018167. PMID 29941907.
- ^ a b Rich Mooi; Sergio A. Martínez; Claudia J. Del Río; Maria Inês Feijó Ramos (2018). "Late Oligocene–Miocene non-lunulate sand dollars of South America: Revision of abertellid taxa and descriptions of two new families, two new genera, and a new species". Zootaxa. 4369 (3): 301–326. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4369.3.1. PMID 29689876.
- ^ Olga K. Bogolepova; Stephen K. Donovan; David A.T. Harper; Anna A. Suyarkova; Rustem Yakupov; Alexander P. Gubanov (2018). "New records of brachiopods and crinoids from the Silurian (Wenlock) of the southern Urals, Russia". GFF. 140 (4): 323–331. doi:10.1080/11035897.2018.1526210.
- ^ Morana Mihaljević; Alana J. Rosenblatt (2018). "A new fossil species of Clypeaster (Echinoidea) from Malaysian Borneo and an overview of the Central Indo-Pacific echinoid fossil record". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 137 (2): 389–404. doi:10.1007/s13358-018-0164-y. S2CID 134114935.
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{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ^ Enric Forner Valls (2018). "Heteraster guali sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) de l'Aptià de la conca del Maestrat". Nemus: Revista de l'Ateneu de Natura. 8: 33–53.
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- ^ a b Selina R. Cole; Ursula Toom (2018). "New camerate crinoid genera from the Upper Ordovician (Katian) of Estonia: evolutionary origin of family Opsiocrinidae and a phylogenetic assessment of Ordovician Monobathrida". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 17 (7): 597–611. doi:10.1080/14772019.2018.1447519. S2CID 90469653.
- ^ Bertrand Lefebvre; Rudy Lerosey-Aubril (2018). "Laurentian origin of solutan echinoderms: new evidence from the Guzhangian (Cambrian Series 3) Weeks Formation of Utah, USA". Geological Magazine. 155 (5): 1190–1204. Bibcode:2018GeoM..155.1190L. doi:10.1017/S0016756817000152. S2CID 132681380.
- ^ a b Colin D. Sumrall; Samuel Zamora (2018). "New Upper Ordovician edrioasteroids from Morocco". In A. W. Hunter; J. J. Álvaro; B. Lefebvre; P. van Roy; S. Zamora (eds.). The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event: Insights from the Tafilalt Biota, Morocco. Vol. 485. The Geological Society of London. pp. 565–577. doi:10.1144/SP485.6. S2CID 133899718.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ^ Jessika Alves; Felipe A. C. Monteiro; Helena Matthews-Cascon; Rodrigo Johnsson; Elizabeth G. Neves (2018). "A new species of Petalobrissus Lambert 1916 (Echinoidea: Faujasiidae) from the Jandaíra Formation, Potiguar Basin (Brazil)". Zootaxa. 4422 (4): 581–590. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4422.4.8. PMID 30313486.
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