AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 9, 2007 1:08:47 AM PST}
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| update_page = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_AXL_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 2c5d.
| PDB = {{PDB2|2c5d}}
| Name = AXL receptor tyrosine kinase
| HGNCid = 905
| Symbol = AXL
| AltSymbols =; UFO
| OMIM = 109135
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 7583
| MGIid = 1347244
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_AXL_202686_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_AXL_202685_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004714 |text = transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016740 |text = transferase activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000074 |text = regulation of progression through cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006468 |text = protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 558
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000167601
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001690
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001699
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 19
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 46416663
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 46459510
| Hs_Uniprot = P30530
| Mm_EntrezGene = 26362
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000002602
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009465
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033491
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 25466034
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 25497330
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3TTM4
}}
}}
'''AXL receptor tyrosine kinase''', also known as '''AXL''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily. Although it is similar to other receptor tyrosine kinases, the Axl protein represents a unique structure of the extracellular region that juxtaposes IgL and FNIII repeats. It transduce signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding growth factors like vitamin K-dependent protein growth-arrest-specific gene 6. It is involved in the stimulation of cell proliferation. This receptor can also mediate cell aggregation by homophilic binding. Axl is a chronic myelogenous leukemia-associated oncogene and also associated with colon cancer and melanoma. It is in close vicinity to the bcl3 oncogene which is at 19q13.1-q13.2. The Axl gene is evolutionarily conserved between vertebrate species. This gene has two different alternatively spliced transcript variants.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: AXL AXL receptor tyrosine kinase| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=558| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Neubauer A, Burchert A, Maiwald C, ''et al.'' |title=Recent progress on the role of Axl, a receptor tyrosine kinase, in malignant transformation of myeloid leukemias. |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=25 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 91-6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9130617 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO: Beginning work on CCL21... {November 9, 2007 1:27:15 AM PST}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 9, 2007 1:27:57 AM PST}
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| update_page = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21
| HGNCid = 10620
| Symbol = CCL21
| AltSymbols =; 6Ckine; CKb9; ECL; MGC34555; SCYA21; SLC; TCA4
| OMIM = 602737
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 88457
| MGIid =
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_CCL21_204606_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008009 |text = chemokine activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006935 |text = chemotaxis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006954 |text = inflammatory response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006955 |text = immune response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007267 |text = cell-cell signaling}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6366
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000137077
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002980
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002989
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 9
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 34699002
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 34700147
| Hs_Uniprot = O00585
| Mm_EntrezGene =
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA =
| Mm_RefseqProtein =
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21''', also known as '''CCL21''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene is one of several CC cytokine genes clustered on the p-arm of chromosome 9. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. Similar to other chemokines the protein encoded by this gene inhibits hemopoiesis and stimulates chemotaxis. This protein is chemotactic in vitro for thymocytes and activated T cells, but not for B cells, macrophages, or neutrophils. The cytokine encoded by this gene may also play a role in mediating homing of lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid organs. It is a high affinity functional ligand for chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) that is expressed on T and B lymphocytes and a known receptor for another member of the cytokine family (small inducible cytokine A19).<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CCL21 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6366| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO: Beginning work on KRT10... {November 9, 2007 1:10:16 AM PST}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 9, 2007 1:11:29 AM PST}
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| update_page = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Keratin 10 (epidermolytic hyperkeratosis; keratosis palmaris et plantaris)
| HGNCid = 6413
| Symbol = KRT10
| AltSymbols =; CK10; K10; KPP
| OMIM = 148080
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 20125
| MGIid = 96685
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_KRT10_213287_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_KRT10_207023_x_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_KRT10_210633_x_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030280 |text = structural constituent of epidermis}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045095 |text = keratin filament}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008544 |text = epidermis development}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 3858
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000186395
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000412
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000421
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 17
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 36227896
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 36232373
| Hs_Uniprot = P13645
| Mm_EntrezGene = 16661
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000019761
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_010660
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034790
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 11
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 99201344
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 99205454
| Mm_Uniprot = P02535
}}
}}
'''Keratin 10 (epidermolytic hyperkeratosis; keratosis palmaris et plantaris)''', also known as '''KRT10''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the type I (acidic) cytokeratin family, which belongs to the superfamily of intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Keratins are heteropolymeric structural proteins which form the intermediate filament. These filaments, along with actin microfilaments and microtubules, compose the cytoskeleton of epithelial cells. Mutations in this gene are associated with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. This gene is located within a cluster of keratin family members on chromosome 17q21.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: KRT10 keratin 10 (epidermolytic hyperkeratosis; keratosis palmaris et plantaris)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3858| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Yang JM, Nam K, Kim SW, ''et al.'' |title=Arginine in the beginning of the 1A rod domain of the keratin 10 gene is the hot spot for the mutation in epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. |journal=J. Dermatol. Sci. |volume=19 |issue= 2 |pages= 126-33 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10098704 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 9, 2007 1:19:22 AM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_PRKAR2B_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1cx4.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1cx4}}
| Name = Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, beta
| HGNCid = 9392
| Symbol = PRKAR2B
| AltSymbols =; PRKAR2; RII-BETA
| OMIM = 176912
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 37666
| MGIid = 97760
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PRKAR2B_203680_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008603 |text = cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030552 |text = cAMP binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005952 |text = cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006468 |text = protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006631 |text = fatty acid metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007242 |text = intracellular signaling cascade}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007612 |text = learning}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5577
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000005249
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002727
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002736
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 106472375
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 106589491
| Hs_Uniprot = P31323
| Mm_EntrezGene = 19088
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000002997
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011158
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035288
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 12
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 32543731
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 32646499
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3V2X9
}}
}}
'''Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, beta''', also known as '''PRKAR2B''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = cAMP is a signaling molecule important for a variety of cellular functions. cAMP exerts its effects by activating the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK), which transduces the signal through phosphorylation of different target proteins. The inactive holoenzyme of AMPK is a tetramer composed of two regulatory and two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits of AMPK have been identified in humans. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the regulatory subunits. This subunit can be phosphorylated by the activated catalytic subunit. This subunit has been shown to interact with and suppress the transcriptional activity of the cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1) in activated T cells. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this subunit may play an important role in regulating energy balance and adiposity. The studies also suggest that this subunit may mediate the gene induction and cataleptic behavior induced by haloperidol.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PRKAR2B protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, beta| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5577| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Harrich D, McMillan N, Munoz L, ''et al.'' |title=Will diverse Tat interactions lead to novel antiretroviral drug targets? |journal=Current drug targets |volume=7 |issue= 12 |pages= 1595-606 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17168834 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO: Beginning work on PSME2... {November 9, 2007 1:23:34 AM PST}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 9, 2007 1:24:18 AM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 2 (PA28 beta)
| HGNCid = 9569
| Symbol = PSME2
| AltSymbols =; PA28B; PA28beta; REGbeta
| OMIM = 602161
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 86889
| MGIid =
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PSME2_201762_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008538 |text = proteasome activator activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000502 |text = proteasome complex (sensu Eukaryota)}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005829 |text = cytosol}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008537 |text = proteasome activator complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006955 |text = immune response}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5721
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000100911
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002809
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002818
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 14
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 23682449
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 23686270
| Hs_Uniprot = Q9UL46
| Mm_EntrezGene =
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA =
| Mm_RefseqProtein =
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 2 (PA28 beta)''', also known as '''PSME2''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. The immunoproteasome contains an alternate regulator, referred to as the 11S regulator or PA28, that replaces the 19S regulator. Three subunits (alpha, beta and gamma) of the 11S regulator have been identified. This gene encodes the beta subunit of the 11S regulator, one of the two 11S subunits that is induced by gamma-interferon. Three beta and three alpha subunits combine to form a heterohexameric ring. Six pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 4, 5, 8, 10 and 13.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PSME2 proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 2 (PA28 beta)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5721| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Coux O, Tanaka K, Goldberg AL |title=Structure and functions of the 20S and 26S proteasomes. |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=65 |issue= |pages= 801-47 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8811196 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.004101 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sijts A, Sun Y, Janek K, ''et al.'' |title=The role of the proteasome activator PA28 in MHC class I antigen processing. |journal=Mol. Immunol. |volume=39 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 165-9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12200048 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Goff SP |title=Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1. |journal=Cell |volume=114 |issue= 3 |pages= 281-3 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12914693 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO: Beginning work on RHCE... {November 9, 2007 1:25:10 AM PST}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 9, 2007 1:26:25 AM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Rh blood group, CcEe antigens
| HGNCid = 10008
| Symbol = RHCE
| AltSymbols =; RHC; CD240CE; MGC103977; RH; RH30A; RHE; RHIXB; RHPI; Rh4; RhIVb(J); RhVI; RhVIII; CD240D; DIIIc; RH30; RHCED; RHDVA(TT); RHDel; RHPII; RHXIII; RhDCw; RhII; RhK562-II; RhPI
| OMIM = 111700
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 7918
| MGIid = 1202882
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_RHCE_215819_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_RHCE_216317_x_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_RHCE_210429_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005215 |text = transporter activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003674 |text = molecular_function}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006810 |text = transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008150 |text = biological_process}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6006
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000188672
| Hs_RefseqProtein = XP_001130486
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = XM_001130486
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 25561328
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 25629270
| Hs_Uniprot = P18577
| Mm_EntrezGene = 19746
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000028825
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011270
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035400
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 4
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 134136660
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 134168248
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Rh blood group, CcEe antigens''', also known as '''RHCE''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The Rh blood group system is the second most clinically significant of the blood groups, second only to ABO. It is also the most polymorphic of the blood groups, with variations due to deletions, gene conversions, and missense mutations. The Rh blood group includes this gene which encodes both the RhC and RhE antigens on a single polypeptide and a second gene which encodes the RhD protein. The classification of Rh-positive and Rh-negative individuals is determined by the presence or absence of the highly immunogenic RhD protein on the surface of erythrocytes. Alternative splicing of this gene results in four transcript variants encoding four different isoforms.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RHCE Rh blood group, CcEe antigens| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6006| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Agre P, Cartron JP |title=Molecular biology of the Rh antigens. |journal=Blood |volume=78 |issue= 3 |pages= 551-63 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1907207 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Avent ND, Reid ME |title=The Rh blood group system: a review. |journal=Blood |volume=95 |issue= 2 |pages= 375-87 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10627438 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Flegel WA, Wagner FF |title=Molecular genetics of RH. |journal=Vox Sang. |volume=78 Suppl 2 |issue= |pages= 109-15 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10938938 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wagner FF, Flegel WA |title=Review: the molecular basis of the Rh blood group phenotypes. |journal=Immunohematology / American Red Cross |volume=20 |issue= 1 |pages= 23-36 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15373666 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Callebaut I, Dulin F, Bertrand O, ''et al.'' |title=Hydrophobic cluster analysis and modeling of the human Rh protein three-dimensional structures. |journal=Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Société française de transfusion sanguine |volume=13 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 70-84 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16584906 |doi= 10.1016/j.tracli.2006.02.001 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO: Beginning work on RPSA... {November 9, 2007 1:11:29 AM PST}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 9, 2007 1:11:52 AM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Ribosomal protein SA
| HGNCid = 6502
| Symbol = RPSA
| AltSymbols =; 37LRP; 67LR; LAMBR; LAMR1; LRP; p40
| OMIM = 150370
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 68249
| MGIid = 105381
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003735 |text = structural constituent of ribosome}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005055 |text = laminin receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005622 |text = intracellular}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005843 |text = cytosolic small ribosomal subunit (sensu Eukaryota)}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008305 |text = integrin complex}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0015935 |text = small ribosomal subunit}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006412 |text = translation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007155 |text = cell adhesion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007166 |text = cell surface receptor linked signal transduction}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 3921
| Hs_Ensembl =
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001012321
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001012321
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr =
| Hs_GenLoc_start =
| Hs_GenLoc_end =
| Hs_Uniprot =
| Mm_EntrezGene = 16785
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011029
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035159
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Ribosomal protein SA''', also known as '''RPSA''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Laminins, a family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins, are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. They have been implicated in a wide variety of biological processes including cell adhesion, differentiation, migration, signaling, neurite outgrowth and metastasis. Many of the effects of laminin are mediated through interactions with cell surface receptors. These receptors include members of the integrin family, as well as non-integrin laminin-binding proteins. This gene encodes a high-affinity, non-integrin family, laminin receptor 1. This receptor has been variously called 67 kD laminin receptor, 37 kD laminin receptor precursor (37LRP) and p40 ribosome-associated protein. The amino acid sequence of laminin receptor 1 is highly conserved through evolution, suggesting a key biological function. It has been observed that the level of the laminin receptor transcript is higher in colon carcinoma tissue and lung cancer cell line than their normal counterparts. Also, there is a correlation between the upregulation of this polypeptide in cancer cells and their invasive and metastatic phenotype. Multiple copies of this gene exist, however, most of them are pseudogenes thought to have arisen from retropositional events. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RPSA ribosomal protein SA| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3921| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Belkin AM, Stepp MA |title=Integrins as receptors for laminins. |journal=Microsc. Res. Tech. |volume=51 |issue= 3 |pages= 280-301 |year= 2000 |pmid= 11054877 |doi= 10.1002/1097-0029(20001101)51:3<280::AID-JEMT7>3.0.CO;2-O }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 9, 2007 1:30:36 AM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_WWOX_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1wmv.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1wmv}}
| Name = WW domain containing oxidoreductase
| HGNCid = 12799
| Symbol = WWOX
| AltSymbols =; FRA16D; D16S432E; FOR; HHCMA56; PRO0128; WOX1; WWOX v8
| OMIM = 605131
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 56334
| MGIid = 1931237
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_WWOX_221147_x_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016491 |text = oxidoreductase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046983 |text = protein dimerization activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0050662 |text = coenzyme binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005739 |text = mitochondrion}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006118 |text = electron transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007049 |text = cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008152 |text = metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008202 |text = steroid metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045786 |text = negative regulation of progression through cell cycle}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 51741
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000186153
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_057457
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_016373
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 16
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 76691177
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 77803532
| Hs_Uniprot =
| Mm_EntrezGene = 80707
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000004637
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_019573
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_062519
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 8
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 117325749
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 118237803
| Mm_Uniprot = Q91WL8
}}
}}
'''WW domain containing oxidoreductase''', also known as '''WWOX''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = WW domain-containing proteins are found in all eukaryotes and play an important role in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular functions such as protein degradation, transcription, and RNA splicing. This gene encodes a protein which contains 2 WW domains and a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase domain (SRD). The highest normal expression of this gene is detected in hormonally regulated tissues such as testis, ovary, and prostate. This expression pattern and the presence of an SRD domain suggest a role for this gene in steroid metabolism. The encoded protein is more than 90% identical to the mouse protein, which is an essential mediator of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis, suggesting a similar, important role in apoptosis for the human protein. In addition, there is evidence that this gene behaves as a suppressor of tumor growth. Alternative splicing of this gene generates transcript variants that encode different isoforms.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: WWOX WW domain containing oxidoreductase| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=51741| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Ramos D, Aldaz CM |title=WWOX, a chromosomal fragile site gene and its role in cancer. |journal=Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. |volume=587 |issue= |pages= 149-59 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17163164 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}