Climate Gentrification edit
Gentrification is the process of changing lower-income and urban areas by making richer people move in. This is to improve housing and bring money and business into areas that aren’t usually visited.
Climate Gentrification Is the process of wealthier residents moving into communities and areas on higher ground due to it being less effect by natural disasters.[1] Climate gentrification happens mainly in high-flooding states commonly affected by tornados. The reasoning for this is due to homes that are central or higher up on the ground in different states have the benefit of being less affected by the damages occurred by these issues. These areas usually have residents coming from lowers incomes and ethnic backgrounds, so when white or wealthier people move in, they increase the price of property and rent causing the residents already living they're having to move out. The impacted families are left to manage housing affordability as well as experience deprivation of communities and cultural identity.
History edit
For hundreds of years, there has been a divide in communities when being of a different race in America. Those coming from BIPOC communities [2] have put in systems with disadvantages. Whilst Non-people of colour gain the easier end of the stick in some cases. This institutionalised racism plays in action in many areas like careers, finances and schooling systems as well as Climate and environmental issues. In the past century, infrastructure and housing estates in America have been designed and built to not include consistent and meaningful regard for the impacts on vulnerable communities. Majority of people of colour, particularly those living in poverty. Historically, wealthier areas have owned much more desirable waterfront homes and lower-income populations take residence in the least preferred inland and at higher elevations from the coast. Although, as climate changes and these areas become fonder due to less damage and disasters. The people of these areas are being paid out of their homes and replaced by richer homeowners. Leaving some homeless and in a state of loss.
Cause edit
The cause of this is due to areas being highly affected by natural disasters and climate change. If housing estates on higher ground are seen to be safer and not effect by these events, then it attracts more people to buy property and move there as well as increasing insurance in lower ground areas. Climate gentrification has many causes, including an increase in temperatures, rising sea levels and natural disasters such as hurricanes and floods. These events lead to communities losing homes and property. [3] Making it difficult for lower-income residents to rebuild or relocate. Additionally, government and private investment companies in climate adaptation. Measure effects such as sea walls and green spaces. This can lead to consequences like can expand property values and making neighbourhoods more attractive to wealthier residents. As a result, low-income residents are often priced out of their communities, provoking existing inequalities and creating new ones. As the rising concern on climate crisis occurs, it pushes people inwards into areas which are safer and causes indirect displacements among communities as the states and cities government consider this combination of urbanization and population growth of higher income earners in lower-income areas positive ways to expand economics and businesses. These actions cause huge displacement. Indirect displacement takes place in states such as Florida and New Orleans as prices are higher and used to barrier lower income earners from getting to get into the housing estates.
Effects edit
The effects of Natural disasters don’t only cause climate gentrification to take place among communities. But the effects of these issues can strike conflict and injustice in black and ethnic minority groups. Events such as Hurricane Katrina [4]brought to light the underlying issues of inequality and corruption in the state of New Orleans as there was a big lack of help for less-income communities to recover and regrowth. Instead, those who did have the money have put advantage and taken their money to areas like the Mississippi River, a majority black, working-class area. Until the effects of Katrina proceeded to climate gentrification in Mississippi Rivers. Rose Dyson was one amongst many homeowners in the area who was not affected so much by Katrina but by the after events. As Mississippi River is located on the city's highest ground. It meant that her home wasn’t presented with damage. This caught the eyes of investors and wealthier owners and encouraged them to move into the area causing gentrification and a big increase in annual property tax. As Rose announced that her tax pay went up by 20 times the amount before. And by 2019 an area which before Katrina was 75% Black was now 71% White, recorded by the census date. Many others along with Rose were a victim of this gentrification due to climate crisis and change. The areas amongst cities which grew communities together, embraced by culture and diversity which allowed black and minority own businesses to thrive were pushed out.
Evidence edit
Hurricane Sandy was an extremely destructive and strong Atlantic hurricane, as well as the largest Atlantic hurricane on record as measured by diameter. Along with all the other natural disasters it left many homes ruined and cities distraught. One of the many areas affected by Sandy was New York and Brooklyn.[5] As the hurricane swept homes around and ruined building the city was under reworks after the storm had finished. But with this came a huge plummet in housing affordance in New York at the time. Hurricane Sandy led to affecting some of the most venerable citizens of New York. As costs were being increased by property investors and governments to help rebuild areas. Those who struggled financially were out at a risk of losing their homes and prices jumped too high to keep up with. As private developers took advantage of the situation by redesigning buildings to be able to survive another storm and clean up areas in which lower-income citizens lived. Rather than their homes being rebuilt. Business offices and apartments were built over the ruins of their homes. Causing them to have to leave their home and stories to rebuild somewhere else. Collected Census data from 2020 highlights the changing racial and income dynamics in these neighbourhoods. In places like Little Haiti, the population of white people increased by a third over the past decade. With an even more significant rise in Liberty City. Both areas being a victims to increase in their median household income
References edit
- ^ "Climate Gentrification: Methods, Gaps, and Framework for Future Research".
- ^ a b Nnamdi, Akinshimaya R. The Great Displacement: A Case Study of Attitudes on Gentrification-Caused Displacement in Historic Black Communities in Miami,.
- ^ a b https://www.wsp.com/en-us/insights/2022-climate-gentrification-is-reshaping-america#:~:text=As%20wealthier%20residents%20move%20in,is%20called%20%E2%80%9Cclimate%20gentrification.%E2%80%9D.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ a b Belkhir, Jean Ait. Race, Gender and Class Lessons from Hurricane Katrina.
- ^ "How Hurricane Sandy helped gentrify Brooklyn".
- ^ Tolan, Casey. https://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2021/03/us/climate-gentrification-cnnphotos-invs/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Nguyen, Amy. https://sustainableandsocial.com/climate-gentrification/.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Roth, Denise. https://www.fastcompany.com/90661313/why-equity-is-critical-to-our-future-infrastructure-spending?partner=rss&utm_source=rss&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=rss+fastcompany&utm_content=rss?cid=search.
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