Neon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Appearance | colorless gas exhibiting an orange-red glow when placed in an electric field | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ne) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Neon in the periodic table | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Atomic number (Z) | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Group | group 18 (noble gases) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Period | period 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Block | p-block | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electron configuration | [He] 2s2 2p6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electrons per shell | 2, 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Physical properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phase at STP | gas | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Melting point | 24.56 K (−248.59 °C, −415.46 °F) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boiling point | 27.104 K (−246.046 °C, −410.883 °F) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Density (at STP) | 0.9002 g/L | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
when liquid (at b.p.) | 1.207 g/cm3[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triple point | 24.556 K, 43.37 kPa[4][5] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Critical point | 44.4918 K, 2.7686 MPa[5] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heat of fusion | 0.335 kJ/mol | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heat of vaporization | 1.71 kJ/mol | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Molar heat capacity | 20.79[6] J/(mol·K) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure
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Atomic properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oxidation states | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ionization energies |
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Covalent radius | 58 pm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Van der Waals radius | 154 pm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spectral lines of neon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural occurrence | primordial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Crystal structure | face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lattice constant | a = 453.77 pm (at triple point)[7] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thermal conductivity | 49.1×10−3 W/(m⋅K) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic[8] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Molar magnetic susceptibility | −6.74×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[9] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulk modulus | 654 GPa | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Speed of sound | 435 m/s (gas, at 0 °C) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
CAS Number | 7440-01-9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
History | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Prediction | William Ramsay (1897) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discovery and first isolation | William Ramsay & Morris Travers[10][11] (1898) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Isotopes of neon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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In the U.S., the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is 8 mg/day for women and 11 mg/day for men.[13] Median intake in the U.S. around 2000 was 9 mg/day for women and 14 mg/day in men.[14] Oysters, lobster [15]
and red meats, especially beef, lamb and liver have some of the highest concentrations of zinc in food.[16]
Zinc supplements† should only be ingested when there is zinc deficiency or increased zinc necessity (e.g. after surgeries, traumata or burns).
[17]
[18]
Persistent intake of high doses of zinc can cause copper deficiency.[17]
References edit
- ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Neon". CIAAW. 1985.
- ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
- ^ Hammond, C. R. (2000). The Elements, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition (PDF). CRC press. p. 19. ISBN 0849304814.
- ^ Preston-Thomas, H. (1990). "The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)". Metrologia. 27 (1): 3–10. Bibcode:1990Metro..27....3P. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/27/1/002.
- ^ a b Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.122. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
- ^ Shuen-Chen Hwang, Robert D. Lein, Daniel A. Morgan (2005). "Noble Gases". in Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, pages 343–383. Wiley. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0701190508230114.a01.pub2
- ^ Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
- ^ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
- ^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
- ^ Ramsay, William; Travers, Morris W. (1898). "On the Companions of Argon". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 63 (1): 437–440. doi:10.1098/rspl.1898.0057.
- ^ "Neon: History". Softciências. Retrieved 2007-02-27.
- ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
- ^ Connie W. Bales; Christine Seel Ritchie (21 May 2009). Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging. Springer. pp. 151–. ISBN 978-1-60327-384-8. Retrieved 2011-06-23.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
NRC2000p442
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "National Agricultural Library". Nal.usda.gov. Retrieved 2011-11-13.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Berdanier2007
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b
Colin Tidy (2010-03-22). [Zinc Supplements "Patient.co.uk"]. Retrieved 2013-11-02.
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[Burgerstein Zinktabletten 15 mg "Arzneimittel-Kompendium der Schweiz"] (in German). 2009-09-07. Retrieved 2013-11-02.
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