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John Graves Simcoe, the first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, put restrictions on Slavery in Upper Canada.[1][2] Under his administration the legislature passed an act that would did not allow slave-owners to bring slaves into the Province. Commentators sometimes characterize this law as marking Upper Canada as the first part of the British Empire where slavery was outlawed.
However, slave-owners who had already brought slaves into the Province could continue to hold those individuals in bondaage.[1][2] Their children were born into slavery, but would be freed, when they were 25 years old. Further, the act included a disincentive for slave-owners to free their slaves, they would be under an obligation to make sure their former slaves were not a burden on the public.
The Parliament of the United Kingdom passed a law prohibiting slavery throughout the British Empire, in 1834.[1][2]
According to some reports Amy Pompadour was the last person known to be legally enslaved, in Upper Canada.
| name | notes |
|---|---|
| Peter Russell |
|
| William Jarvis | |
| Joseph Brant | |
| James Baby | [3] |
| Alexander Grant Sr. | [3] |
| Richard Duncan | |
| Richard Cartwright | [3]
|
| John Solomon Cartwright |
|
| Reverend John Stuart | [4] |
| Molly Brant | [4] |
| Robert Hamilton |
|
| John McDonell | [3] |
| Hazelton Spencer | [3] |
| Peter Van Alstine | [3] |
| David William Smith | [3] |
| Hannah Jarvis | [3][5] |
| Thomas Fraser | |
| Richard Beasley | |
| Richard Norton Wilkinson | |
| Thomas McKee | |
| Dr. Solomon Jones |
|
| Daniel Jones | |
| Timothy Thompson | |
| Robert Isaac Dey Gray | |
| Major James Gray | |
| Benjamin Hardison | |
| Adam Vrooman | |
| Samuel Street | |
| Thomas Butler | |
| Adam Crysler | |
| William Fairfield | |
| Edward Jessup Jr. | |
| Christopher Robinson | |
| name | owner(s) | notes |
|---|---|---|
| Peggy Pompadour | Peter Russell | |
| Chloe Cooley | ||
| Henry Lewis |
|
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f
Adam Bunch (2013-05-28). "Toronto's first truly terrible leader — the slave-owning gambling addict Peter Russell". Spacing magazine. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
Simcoe had wanted to abolish slavery right from the very beginning, but slave owners in the legislature —including, it seems, Russell — fought against it. In the end, they forced a compromise: they could keep the slaves they already had, but it would be illegal to bring any more into the province and the children would be freed when they turned 25. It was the first legislation in the history of the British Empire to actively limit slavery, but thanks to Russell and his allies, the law was watered-down.
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Adrienne Shadd (2010). "The Journey from Tollgate to Parkway: African Canadians in Hamilton". Dundurn Press. pp. 48–50. ISBN 9781554883943. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
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"An act to prevent the further introduction of slaves". Upper Canada History. 2013. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
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"Slavery in Kingston - the story of Joseph Gutches". Speaking Stones. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
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"Henry Lewis: seeking freedom". Archives of Ontario. Retrieved 2019-06-14.
Hannah Jarvis incorrectly wrote about the Slave Act that Simcoe... 'has by a piece of chacanery freed all the negroes...'
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Dennis Carter-Edwards. "JONES, SOLOMON, physician, office holder, politician, jp, judge, and militia officer". Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Retrieved 2019-06-13.
Apart from his own growing family, Jones was responsible for his mother as well as a female black slave whom he had purchased from his brother Daniel, and a wayward nephew who had run into domestic troubles.
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