User:محمد أمين الطرابلسي/sandbox3

Tunisian Coat of Arms Flag of Tunisia Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is the northernmost country in Africa. It is a part of the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia also shares maritime borders with Italy through the islands of Sicily and Sardinia to the north and Malta to the east. It features the archaeological sites of Carthage dating back to the 9th century BC, as well as the Great Mosque of Kairouan. Known for its ancient architecture, souks, and blue coasts, it covers 163,610 km2 (63,170 sq mi), and has a population of 12.1 million. It contains the eastern end of the Atlas Mountains and the northern reaches of the Sahara desert; much of its remaining territory is arable land. Its 1,300 km (810 mi) of coastline includes the African conjunction of the western and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Basin. Tunisia is home to Africa's northernmost point, Cape Angela. Located on the northeastern coast, Tunis is the capital and largest city of the country, which is itself named after Tunis. The official language of Tunisia is Modern Standard Arabic. The vast majority of Tunisia's population is Arab and Muslim. Vernacular Tunisian Arabic is the most spoken, and French also serves as an administrative and educational language in some contexts, but it has no official status. Beginning in early antiquity, Tunisia was inhabited by the indigenous Berbers. The Phoenicians, a Semitic people, began to arrive in the 12th century BC, settling on the coast and establishing several settlements, of which Carthage emerged as the most powerful by the 7th century BC. The descendants of the Phoenician settlers came to be known as the Punic people. Ancient Carthage was a major mercantile empire and a military rival to the Roman Republic until 146 BC when it was defeated by the Romans who occupied Tunisia for most of the next 800 years. The Romans introduced Christianity and left architectural legacies like the Amphitheatre of El Jem. In the 7th century AD, Arab Muslims conquered all of Tunisia (finally succeeding in 697 after several attempts starting in 647) and settled with their tribes and families, bringing Islam and Arab culture to the local inhabitants. A later large-scale Arab migration of Banu Hilal and Banu Sulaym tribes in the 11th-12th centuries rapidly accelerated this process. By around the 15th century, the region of modern-day Tunisia had already been almost completely Arabized, establishing Arabs as the demographic majority of the population. Then, in 1546, the Ottoman Empire established control there, holding sway for over 300 years, until 1881, when the French conquered Tunisia. In 1956, Tunisia gained independence as the Tunisian Republic under the leadership of Habib Bourguiba with the help of activists such as Chedly Kallala, Farhat Hached, and Salah Ben Youssef. Today, Tunisia's culture and identity are rooted in this centuries-long intersection of different cultures and ethnicities. Tunisia is well integrated into the international community. It is a member of the United Nations, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, the Arab League, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the African Union, the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, the Non-Aligned Movement, the International Criminal Court, the Group of 77, among others. It maintains close economic and political relations with some European countries, particularly with France, and Italy, due to their geographical proximity. Tunisia also has an association agreement with the European Union and has attained the status of a major non-NATO ally of the United States. (Full article...) Satellite photograph of Djerba Djerba (/ˈdʒɜːrbə, ˈdʒɛərbə/; Arabic: جربة, romanized: Jirba, IPA: [ˈʒɪrbæ] ; Italian: Meninge, Girba), also transliterated as Jerba or Jarbah, is a Tunisian island and the largest island of North Africa at 514 square kilometers (198 sq mi), in the Gulf of Gabès, off the coast of Tunisia. Administratively, it is part of Medenine Governorate of this North African country. The island had a population of 139,544 at the 2004 census, which rose to 163,726 at the 2014 census. Citing its long and unique history, Tunisia has sought UNESCO World Heritage status protections for the island, and, in 2023, Djerba was officially designated a World Heritage Site. (Full article...) List of selected articles Ancient Carthage Tunisian revolution Flag of Tunisia 2021 Tunisian self-coup Tunisian Constitution of 2022 President of Tunisia Kingdom of Tunisia Prime Minister of Tunisia Tunisia national football team Tunisian Armed Forces Kais Saied Tunisian dinar Tunisian Constitution of 1959 Habib Bourguiba Zine El Abidine Ben Ali Beji Caid Essebsi Capsian culture Demographics of Tunisia Central Bank of Tunisia Human rights in Tunisia Cathedral of Saint Vincent de Paul Al-Zaytuna Mosque Bardo National Museum (Tunis) Amphitheatre of El Jem Medina of Tunis Carthage Great Mosque of Kairouan Tunisian campaign COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia Municipal Theatre of Tunis (from Culture of Tunisia) The "Kingdom of Africa" (Regno d'Africa) pinpointed in red (from History of Tunisia) A young woman in a marriage in Djerba (from Culture of Tunisia) Aly Ben Ayed, one of the notable figures of Tunisian theatre (from Culture of Tunisia) Traditional Tunisian bread being made (from Culture of Tunisia) Bust of Abou el Kacem Chebbi in Ras El Aïn (Tozeur) (from Culture of Tunisia) Mosque in Kairouan (from Culture of Tunisia) Headquarters of the journal, La Presse de Tunisie in Tunis (from Culture of Tunisia) Statuette of Ganymede in the Carthage Paleo-Christian Museum (from Culture of Tunisia) Couscous with Kerkennah fish (from Culture of Tunisia) Tunisian hamsa (from Culture of Tunisia) Ancient Roman mosaic in the Bardo Museum (from Culture of Tunisia) Panorama of Dougga (from Culture of Tunisia) Evolution of the Fatimid Caliphate (from History of Tunisia) Mosque of Uqba, Kairouan (from Culture of Tunisia) The National Library of Tunisia (from Culture of Tunisia) Flag of Tunisia (center) (from Culture of Tunisia) Directing Committee of the Khaldounia in 1903 (from Culture of Tunisia) Minaret of Zitouna Mosque (from Culture of Tunisia) Realm of the Hafsid dynasty in 1400 (orange) (from History of Tunisia) First page of a Tunisian book (1931) by Mohamed Salah Ben Mrad (1881–1979) (from Culture of Tunisia) Reconstruction of a traditional steam bath (from Culture of Tunisia) The city-state of Carthage and territories under its political or commercial influence, circa 264 BC (from History of Tunisia) Tunisian painting (from Culture of Tunisia) Stade 7 November de Radès (from Culture of Tunisia) Class of Khaldounia in 1908 (from Culture of Tunisia) A man teaching Tunisian dance to children. (from Culture of Tunisia) Tunisian wedding (from Culture of Tunisia) Large portrait of Ben Ali, 2008 (from History of Tunisia) Bardo National Museum (from Culture of Tunisia) Jebbas and chechias in a souk in Tunis (from Culture of Tunisia) Jasmine (from Culture of Tunisia) Maximum extent of the Zirid Kingdom (from History of Tunisia) Wissem Hmam (from Culture of Tunisia) Pottery in Houmt Souk, Djerba (from Culture of Tunisia) Share of Europeans during French rule in Tunisia (from History of Tunisia) Naceur Ktari (2000) (from Culture of Tunisia) Djerba Fort (from Culture of Tunisia) Fort of Ghar El Melh (from Culture of Tunisia) Tunisian amulet (from Culture of Tunisia) Medina of Tozeur (from Culture of Tunisia) Folklore Troupe of Kerkennah (from Culture of Tunisia) Tunisian Bendir (frame drum) with snare (from Culture of Tunisia) Alley of Sidi Bou Saïd (from Culture of Tunisia) Ksar Ouled Debbab (from Culture of Tunisia) The National Foundation, Beit El-Hikma, Tunis-Carthage (from Culture of Tunisia) Paysage des environs de Hammamet by August Macke (1914) (from Culture of Tunisia) Khamsa symbol against the evil eye (from Culture of Tunisia) The Aghlabid Emirate at its greatest extent during the 9th century (from History of Tunisia) Road signs in Arabic and French (from Culture of Tunisia) Buildings of the Place de la Victoire in Tunis (from Culture of Tunisia) Tunisian women's shoes (from Culture of Tunisia) Almohad Empire (1147–1269) at it greatest extent (from History of Tunisia) Great Mosque of Kairouan (from Culture of Tunisia) Anouar Brahem (from Culture of Tunisia) Lablabi (from Culture of Tunisia) Tunisian woman (from Culture of Tunisia) Anti-government protests in 2011 (from History of Tunisia) The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject: Commons Free media repository Wikibooks Free textbooks and manuals Wikidata Free knowledge base Wikinews Free-content news Wikiquote Collection of quotations Wikisource Free-content library Wikispecies Directory of species Wikiversity Free learning tools Wikivoyage Free travel guide Wiktionary Dictionary and thesaurus Discover Wikipedia using portals List of all portals The arts portal Biography portal Current events portal Geography portal History portal Mathematics portal Science portal Society portal Technology portal Random portal WikiProject Portals