Wikipedia

List of Romanesque buildings

Listed below are examples of surviving buildings in Romanesque style in Europe, sorted by modern day countries.

List edit

Austria edit

 
Gurk Cathedral, Carinthia

Belgium edit

 
Collegiate Church of Saint Gertrude, Nivelles
 
Collegiate Church of Saint Hadelin [fr], Celles

Croatia edit

Czech Republic edit

 
St. George's Basilica, Prague
 
St. Bartholomew's Church in Prague-Kyje

France edit

 
St-Sernin basilica, Toulouse, 1080 – 1120: elevation of the east end
 
Romanesque sculpture, cloister of St. Trophime, Arles
 
Romanesque abbey church of Jumièges, Normandy

Romanesque architecture expands in France through monasteries. Burgundy was the center of monastic life in France - one of the most important Benedictine monasteries of medieval Europe was located in Cluny. Pilgrimages also contributed to expansion of this style. Many pilgrims passed through France on their way to Santiago de Compostela.

 
Abbey Church of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe

French Romanesque schools of architecture, which are specific for every region, are characterised by the variety of stone vaulting.

Germany edit

 
Romanesque St. Michael's Church (1010-33) in Hildesheim – a World Heritage Site
 
Romanesque portal of Schottenkirche, Regensburg

Hungary edit

 
The Romanesque church of Lébény

Ireland edit

 
Carving above doorway, Clonfert Cathedral, Co. Galway, Ireland

Italy edit

In Italy, the prevalent diffusion is in Lombardy, in Emilia - Romagna, in Tuscany, in the continental part of Veneto and in Apulia; everyone of these "Romanesque styles" has proper characteristics, for constructing methods and for materials. For example, a characteristic of Romanesque is that to change the classic elements with Christian elements, but in Tuscany and Apulia the classic decoratings remain.

Materials depended from the local disponibility, because the importation was too expensive. In fact, in Lombardy the most used material is ceramic, because of the argillous nature of the terrain; but that is not true for Como, where there were large diponibility of stone; in Tuscany buildings in white marble (from Carrara) are frequent, with inserts of green serpentin marble.

In Lombardy and Emilia, in that age united, in Romanesque epoque there was a great artistic flowering. The most monumental churches and cathedrals are often built with the campata system, with varying columns which weigh a tutto sesto arcos. In plain the material of construction is prevalently the mattone, but buildings in stone do not lack. The greater part of the Roman cities along the via Emilia is equipped in this age of monumental cathedral, between which they already maintain to the medieval system.

Abruzzo

 
Abbey of Sant'Antimo

Aosta Valley

Emilia-Romagna

 
Piacenza Cathedral

Friuli-Venezia Giulia

 
Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta, Aquileia

Latium

  • Cathedral of Acquapendente (province of Viterbo)
  • Church of S. Maria della Libera (Aquino - province of Frosinone)

Lombardy

 
Basilica of San Lorenzo, Milan

Marche

 
Ancona Cathedral

Piedmont

 
San Secondo (Magnano)
  • Vezzolano Abbey (Albugnano - province of Asti)
  • Crypt of Sant'Anastasio (Asti)
  • Pieve of San Secondo (Cortazzone - province of Asti)
  • San Secondo (Magnano)
  • Church of Saints Nazarius and Celsus (Montechiaro - province of Asti)
  • Pieve of San Lorenzo (Montiglio - province of Asti)
  • San Michele, Oleggio
  • Abbey of Santi Nazario e Celso (San Nazzaro Sesia - province of Novara)
  • Abbey of Santa Fede (Cavagnolo - province of Tourin)
  • Cattedrale dell'Addolorata (Acqui Terme - province of Alessandria)
  • Church of S. Pietro (Albugnano - province of Asti)
  • Baptistery of Agrate (Agrate Conturbia - province of Novara)
  • Romanesque architecture in Canavese area Ivrea -   Media related to Romanesque architecture in Canavese at Wikimedia Commons

Puglia

 
Basilica of St. Nicholas
 
Trani Cathedral

Sardinia

Sicily

 
Abbey of the Santo Spirito, Caltanissetta

Tuscany

 
San Miniato al Monte
 
Abbey of San Galgano

Umbria

 
Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
 
San Francesco, Terni
 
Church of San Silvestro (Bevagna)
  • Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
  • Cathedral of Spoleto
  • San Francesco, Terni
  • Chiesa di San Bernardino da Siena (La Pigge - Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • Chiesa di Sant'Arcangelo (La Pigge - Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • Eremo di San Marco e la grotta del Beato Ventura (La Pigge - Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • Chiesa Tonda (La Pigge - Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Maria di Pietrarossa (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Stefano di Piaggia (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Nicolò (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Fabiano (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Tommaso (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Sabino (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Pietro a Pettine (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Costanzo (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Andrea (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Egidio di Borgo (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Donato (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Leonardo del Colle (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Martino in Manciano (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Apollinare (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Stefano in Manciano (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Pietro in Bovara (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Maria di Pelan (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Paolo di Coste (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Croce in Val dell'Aquila (Trevi - province of Perugia)
  • S. Emiliano (Trevi - province of Perugia)

Veneto

 
Basilica di San Zeno, (Verona)

Netherlands edit

 
Munsterkerk in Roermond, The Netherlands

Poland edit

 
St Peter and Paul-Collegiate, Kruszwica
 
St. Andrew's Church, Kraków
 
Collegiate church, Tum
 
St. Mary Magdalene Church, Wrocław

Portugal edit

 
Façade of the Old Cathedral of Coimbra (Portugal, second half of the 12th century).

Romania edit

Serbia edit

Slovakia edit

 
Spišská Kapitula.

During the time of early Christianity every 10 villages were ordered to build a church. Several rotunda have been built in this time.

Spain edit

 
Castle of Loarre, Huesca
 
San Juan de la Peña, Huesca
 
Collegiate church of Santillana del Mar, Spain. Cloister
 
Saint Clement of Taüll in Catalonia, Spain. Lombard Romanesque
 
Sant Pere de Rodes, Girona
 
Monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos, Spain. Capitel detail
 
San Isidoro, León
 
San Martín de Tours de Frómista
 
Cathedral of Zamora
 
Inner view of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
 
Crypt of the Monastery of Leyre, Navarra
Main article: Romanesque architecture in Spain

Before Cluny`s influence, Romanesque first developed in Spain in the 10th and 11th centuries in Catalonia, Huesca and the Aragonese Pyrenees, simultaneously with the north of Italy, into what has been called "First Romanesque" or "Lombard Romanesque". It is a primitive style whose characteristics are thick walls, lack of sculpture and the presence of rhythmic ornamental arches.

Romanesque architecture truly arrives with the influence of Cluny through the Way of Saint James pilgrimage route that ends in the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela. The model of the Spanish Romanesque in the 12th century was the Cathedral of Jaca, with its characteristic apse structure and plan, and its "chess" decoration in strips called taqueado jaqués. As the Christian kingdoms advanced towards the South, this model spread throughout the reconquered areas with some variations. Spanish Romanesque was also influenced by the Spanish pre-Romanesque styles, mainly the Asturian and the Mozarab. But there is also a strong influence from the moorish architecture, so close in space, specially the vaults of Córdoba`s Mosque, and the polylobulated arches. In the 13th century, some Romanesque churches were built with early Gothic architectural elements. Aragón, Catalonia, Castile and Navarra are the areas where numerous examples of Spanish Romanesque can be found.

Aragon edit

Province of Zaragoza

Province of Zaragoza

Cantabria edit

Catalonia edit

Province of Barcelona

Province of Lleida

Province of Girona

Province of Tarragona

Castile and León edit

Province of Avila

Province of Burgos

Province of León

Province of Palencia

Province of Salamanca

Province of Segovia

  • Duratón La Asunción de María, church
  • Fuentidueña Church of San Miguel
  • Grado del Pico Church of San Pedro
  • Perorrubio Church of San Pedro
  • Requijada Church of Virgen de Las Vegas
  • San Pedro de Gaillos Church
  • Sepúlveda Church of San Salvador

Province of Soria

Province of Zamora

Galicia edit

Province of A Coruña

Province of Lugo

Province of Ourense

  • Cathedral, Ourense, Romanesque and Gothic

Madrid edit

Navarra edit

  • San Pedro de la Rúa. Church and cloister. Estella
  • Church of San Miguel, Estella
  • Palace of the Kings of Navarra, Estella
  • Church of Santo Sepulcro, Torres del Río
  • Monastery of Leyre (San Salvador de Leyre) Abbey
  • Church of Santa María la Real, Sangüesa

Norway edit

Sweden edit

 
Lund Cathedral
 
Vä Church, Sweden
 
Galata Tower, Galata, Istanbul

Switzerland edit

Turkey edit

Ukraine edit

United Kingdom edit

England edit

In England, Romanesque architecture is often termed 'Norman architecture'. Castles, cathedrals and churches of the Norman period have frequently been extended during later periods. It is normal to find Norman in combination with Gothic architecture.

Scotland edit

See also edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Romanesque architecture.
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