Human gene HSPA1B is an intron-less gene which encodes for the heat shock protein HSP70-2, a member of the Hsp70 family of proteins.[5] The gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex, on the short arm of chromosome 6, in a cluster with two paralogous genes, HSPA1A and HSPA1L.[6][7][8] HSPA1A and HSPA1B produce nearly identical proteins because the few differences in their DNA sequences are almost exclusively synonymous substitutions or in the three prime untranslated region, heat shock 70kDa protein 1A, from HSPA1A, and heat shock 70kDa protein 1B, from HSPA1B.[6] A third, more modified paralog to these genes exists in the same region, HSPA1L, which shares a 90% homology with the other two.[8]

HSPA1B
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesHSPA1B, HSP70-1B, HSP70-2, HSP70.2, heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1B, HSX70, HSPA1, HSP70-1, HSP72, HSP70.1
External IDsOMIM: 603012; MGI: 96244; HomoloGene: 74294; GeneCards: HSPA1B; OMA:HSPA1B - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_005346

NM_010479

RefSeq (protein)

NP_005337
NP_005336
NP_005336
NP_005336.3
NP_005337.2

NP_034609

Location (UCSC)Chr 6: 31.83 – 31.83 MbChr 17: 35.19 – 35.19 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

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Heat shock 70kDa protein 1B is a chaperone protein, cooperating with other heat shock proteins and chaperone systems to maintain proteostasis by stabilizing the structural conformation of other proteins in the cell and protecting against stress-induced aggregation.[9] Hsp70s have also been shown to bind and stabilize mRNA rich in adenine and uracil bases, independent of the occupational states of its other binding sites.[10] This protein is deactivated by binding ATP, and activated by its dephosphorylation to ADP, which requires a potassium ion to facilitate the hydrolysis, or ATP-ADP exchange.[11]

Hsp70-2 specifically is developmentally expressed in male germ line cells during meiosis, where it is necessary for the formation of the complex between CDC2 and cyclin B1.[12] It later becomes incorporated into the CatSper complex, a specialized calcium ion channel that enables spermatozoa motility.[13]

Clinical significance

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Infertility has been observed in mice when HSA1B expression is disrupted, as CDC2 in unable to form the required heterodimer with cyclin B1 for the meiotic cell cycle to progress beyond S phase.[12]

Expression of heat shock protein 70kDa protein 2 in transformed tumor cells has been implicated in the rapid proliferation, metastasis, and inhibition of apoptosis in ovarian, bladder urothelial, and breast cancers.[14][15][16] Patients with chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection who harbor a HSPA1B-1267 single nucleotide polymorphism have a higher risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma.[17]

Interactions

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Interactions have been characterized between Hsp70-2 and the following proteins:

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c ENSG00000224501, ENSG00000212866, ENSG00000204388, ENSG00000231555 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000232804, ENSG00000224501, ENSG00000212866, ENSG00000204388, ENSG00000231555Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000091971Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Milner CM, Campbell RD (1990). "Structure and expression of the three MHC-linked HSP70 genes". Immunogenetics. 32 (4): 242–251. doi:10.1007/BF00187095. PMID 1700760. S2CID 9531492.
  6. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: HSPA1A heat shock 70kDa protein 1B".
  7. ^ Ito Y, Ando A, Ando H, Ando J, Saijoh Y, Inoko H, Fujimoto H (August 1998). "Genomic structure of the spermatid-specific hsp70 homolog gene located in the class III region of the major histocompatibility complex of mouse and man". Journal of Biochemistry. 124 (2): 347–353. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022118. PMID 9685725.
  8. ^ a b Sargent CA, Dunham I, Trowsdale J, Campbell RD (March 1989). "Human major histocompatibility complex contains genes for the major heat shock protein HSP70". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 86 (6): 1968–1972. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86.1968S. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.6.1968. PMC 286826. PMID 2538825.
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  10. ^ Kishor A, White EJ, Matsangos AE, Yan Z, Tandukar B, Wilson GM (August 2017). "Hsp70's RNA-binding and mRNA-stabilizing activities are independent of its protein chaperone functions". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 292 (34): 14122–14133. doi:10.1074/jbc.M117.785394. PMC 5572911. PMID 28679534.
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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.