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Zhang Yanqing (simplified Chinese: 张燕卿; traditional Chinese: 張燕卿; pinyin: Zhāng Yànqīng; Wade–Giles: Chang Yen-ch'ing; Hepburn: Chō Enkei; 1898–1969) was a politician in the early Republic of China who subsequently collaborated with the Japanese imperialists and became the Foreign Minister of Manchukuo, Japan's puppet state. His father Zhang Zhidong was an important official in the later days of the Qing Empire, while his brother Zhang Renli was an official in the Reorganized National Government of China, another Japan's puppet state, making the two brothers as Japanese collaborators.
Zhang Yanqing 張燕卿 | |
|---|---|
 Zhang Yanqing | |
| Foreign Minister of Manchukuo | |
| In office May 1935 – May 1937 | |
| Monarch | Puyi |
| Preceded by | Xie Jieshi |
| Succeeded by | Zhang Jinghui |
| Industry Minister of Manchukuo | |
| In office March 1932 – May 1935 | |
| Monarch | Puyi |
| Preceded by | position established |
| Succeeded by | Ding Jianxiu |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1898 Nanpi County, Hebei, Qing China |
| Died | 1969 Tokyo, Japan |
| Citizenship | Manchukuo (1932–1945) |
| Relations | Zhang Renli (brother) |
| Parent |
|
| Alma mater | Gakushūin |
| Awards | Order of the Auspicious Clouds (1st Class) 勲一位景雲章 |
Biography
editZhang studied foreign languages at Qingdao and went to Japan to study at the Gakushuin Peer's School in 1920. After his return to China in 1922, Zhang was appointed mayor of Wafangdian in Liaoning Province, and in 1924 was promoted to governor of Zhengding County in Hebei Province, and in 1925 was again promoted to governor of Tianjin under the Beiyang Government. In 1926, Tianjin was elevated to the status of a special province, and Zhang added the post of Chief of Police of Hebei Province to his list of positions. The following year, he also became a councilor to the Transportation Ministry and Vice Chairman of the Defense Council of Kirin Province in Manchuria. In 1931, he moved to Changchun where he chaired the Economic Development Department of the government of Kirin Province.
Following the Mukden Incident in September 1931 and, Zhang assisted Xi Qia in issuing a proclamation declaring Kirin Province to be independent of the Republic of China, and assisted the Imperial Japanese Army achieve a bloodless occupation of Kirin City. After the proclamation of the State of Manchukuo he participated in the Manchukuo Senate, speaking out strongly in favor of a monarchy, and thus opposing proposals by Zang Shiyi that Manchukuo become a republic. In March 1932, he accepted the cabinet-level post of Industry Minister of the Empire of Manchukuo. He became one of the directors of the Concordia Association in July 1932. In May 1935, he replaced Xie Jishi as Foreign Minister, a post which he held until May 1937.
Following the collapse of Manchukuo, Zhang fled to Japan with the help of some associates of Mitsuru Toyama. In 1965, he served Secretary of Chamber of Industry & Commerce, East Asia(亜東工商協会).[1] He died in Tokyo, Japan in 1969 at the age of 71. [2][3]
Notes
editReferences
edit- Rana, Mitter (2000). The Manchurian Myth: Nationalism, Resistance, and Collaboration in Modern China. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-22111-7.
- Yamamuro, Shinichi (2005). Manchuria Under Japanese Domination. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-3912-1.
- Biographical Dictionary of Moderrn Chinese, 1966 version. (現代中国人名辞典 1966年版). Asian Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (外務省アジア局) editor-in-chief, Kazan-kai (霞山会) ed. 1966.
- Nanao Okada (岡田七雄), Sir and Boy Scouts of Manchukuo(先生と満洲国童子団). 5th anniversary Liber amicorum for Sir Michiharu Mishima（弥栄とともに 故三島通陽先生五年祭追憶集）. Shigeyasu Usui (臼井茂安). 1971. N. Okada was Section chief for Social Education, Ministry of Culture and Education, Manchukuo.
External links
edit
- Chinese site
- Officials of Manchukuo (Japanese) Archived 2011-07-14 at the Wayback Machine