An interim government led by Muhammad Yunus was formed on 8 August 2024 in Bangladesh, following the resignation and fleeing of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on 5 August 2024 amid nationwide student and public protests against the government. Following the dissolution of the 12th Jatiya Sangsad on 6 August 2024, the interim cabinet will remain in office until a new Prime Minister is appointed after a snap general election. The government, like the previous non-caretaker government interim administrations (in 1975 and 1990), is extra-constitutional. However, the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh affirmed the legality of the stopgap government on 9 August 2024, citing the urgent need to manage state affairs and address the constitutional vacuum,[1][2][3] similar to previous cases. The main pledge of his ministry is organize a constituent assembly to draft and adopt a new, democratic and inclusive constitution, ensuring the inviolability of human dignity.[4]
Yunus ministry | |
|---|---|
 Interim government of Bangladesh | |
| 8 August 2024 – present | |
.jpg) Muhammad Yunus | |
| Date formed | 8 August 2024 |
| People and organisations | |
| President | Mohammed Shahabuddin |
| Chief Adviser | Muhammad Yunus |
| Total no. of members | 31 |
| Member party | Independent |
| Status in legislature | Dissolved |
| History | |
| Election | - |
| Outgoing election | TBA |
| Predecessor | Hasina V |
President Mohammed Shahabuddin administered the oath of office to Yunus and his council of advisers at Bangabhaban on 8 August 2024.[5] The cabinet currently consists of 1 Chief Adviser, 22 Advisers and 8 Special Positions Under the Chief Adviser's Office. The Jamuna State Guest House is serving as the official residence of the Chief Adviser.[5]
Background
editOn 5 August 2024, Bangladesh's longtime Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigned and fled to India following the non-cooperation movement. It was a pro-democratic disinvestment movement and mass uprising, of which, the sole demand was the resignation of Sheikh Hasina and her cabinet, initiated within the framework of the month-long quota reform movement resulting in mass killings. Both of the movements were parts of a wider movement known as the Student–People's uprising or the July Revolution. Soon after, the Chief of Army Staff Gen. Waker-uz-Zaman and President Mohammed Shahabuddin announced the formation of an interim government. The president immediately started the process of meeting with political leaders from around the country to discuss the formation of an interim government. The president also dissolved the parliament on 6 August 2024. Anti-discrimination Students Movement, the principal organisation that led the movement, proposed the name of Muhammad Yunus for the head of government. Yunus, then residing in Paris, agreed to hold the position. The formation of the interim government was finalised on 7 August 2024.
Formation
edit8 August 2024
edit
- Muhammad Yunus was appointed by the President Mohammed Shahabuddin as the Chief Adviser to the interim government of Bangladesh.[6]
- 16 persons were also appointed as other advisers to the interim government by the President:[7]
- Yunus was sworn in by the President at the Bangabhaban.[8] Along with him, 13 of the 16 appointed advisers also took the oath, also administered by the President. It was announced that the remaining three advisers—Supradip Chakma, Bidhan Ranjan Roy, and Faruk-e-Azam would take their oaths at a later time.[9] The oath ceremony was attended by national and international guests, including several ambassadors and the chiefs of the armed forces of Bangladesh—the Chief of Army Staff, the Chief of Naval Staff, and the Chief of Air Staff. Senior political figures from various political parties (except the Awami League) were also present, alongside many other distinguished guests.[10]
9 August 2024
edit
- The distribution of ministries and divisions was made public. A total of 27 ministries and divisions were assigned to Chief Adviser Muhammad Yunus. One ministry was assigned to each of the other 13 advisers.[11]
11 August 2024
edit
- Supradip Chakma and Bidhan Ranjan Roy were sworn in as advisers by the President.[12][13]
- Following their appointment, the responsibility for ministries and divisions was redistributed among Yunus, Chakma and Roy. One ministry was allocated to each of the two advisers, resulting in 25 ministries and divisions being managed by the Chief Adviser.[14]
13 August 2024
edit
- Faruk-e-Azam, was sworn in as adviser.[15][16]
- Following his appointment, a redistribution of ministries and divisions was carried out between Yunus and Azam. Azam was assigned a ministry, resulting in 24 ministries and divisions being managed by the Chief Adviser.[17]
- Shafiqul Alam, a seasoned journalist and Bangladesh Bureau Chief of Agence France-Presse was appointed as Press Secretary to the Chief Adviser with status of a Secretary.[18][19][20][21]
14 August 2024
edit- Lamiya Morshed, executive director of Yunus Centre and Grameen Healthcare Trust, was appointed as Principal Coordinator for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Affairs with the status of a Senior Secretary.[22][23][24][21]
16 August 2024
edit
- Additional four Advisers—Wahiduddin Mahmud, Ali Imam Majumder, Muhammad Fouzul Kabir Khan, and Jahangir Alam Chowdhury were appointed by President Mohammed Shahabuddin and were sworn in on the same day.[25][26]
- Following their appointment, a redistribution of ministries and divisions was carried out between the Chief Adviser and all the Advisers. A total of 10 ministries and divisions were taken charge of by the Chief Adviser. Responsibilities for one ministry each were assigned to many of the other advisers, while some advisers were assigned multiple ministries.[27]
- Ali Imam Majumder was appointed as Special Assistant to the Chief Adviser, a role equivalent to an adviser. In the official document, his role is described as being "Attached to the Office of the Chief Adviser".[27]
22 August 2024
edit
- Abdul Hafiz was appointed as Special Assistant to Chief Adviser on Defense and National Integration, a role equivalent to an adviser.[28][29][30]
27 August 2024
edit
- A redistribution of ministries and divisions was carried out between Chief Adviser and four other advisers, resulting in 6 ministries and divisions being managed by the Chief Adviser.[31]
28 August 2024
edit- Mahfuz Alam, a Liaison Committee Coordinator of Anti-discrimination Students Movement was appointed as Special Assistant to Chief Adviser with the status of a secretary.[32][33][34]
4 September 2024
edit
- Lutfey Siddiqui was appointed as Chief Adviser's Envoy on International Affairs, a role equivalent to an adviser.[35][36]
10 November 2024
edit- Mahfuz Alam, Sheikh Bashir Uddin and Mostofa Sarwar Farooki were appointed and sworn in as Advisers by President Mohammed Shahabuddin at Bangabhaban.[37][38][39]
- Following their appointment a redistribution of ministries and division was carried out, resulting in four ministries and divisions under the Chief Adviser.[40][41]
- Former Inspector General of Police Khoda Baksh Chowdhury, Vice-Chancellor of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Md Sayedur Rahman and M Aminul Islam were appointed as Special Assistant to the Chief Adviser with the status of Minister of State. They were also given Executive Power over Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and Ministry of Education respectively.[42][43]
Members
editThe following is the list of members of the interim government:[a][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]
Ministry and adviser distribution
edit| Ministry/Division | Adviser | Date of Appointment | Date of Termination |
|---|---|---|---|
| Armed Forces Division | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Cabinet Division | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Agriculture | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Jahangir Alam Chowdhury | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Civil Aviation and Tourism | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 10 November 2024 |
| A F Hassan Ariff | 10 November 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 11 August 2024 |
| Supradip Chakma | 11 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Commerce | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Salehuddin Ahmed | 16 August 2024 | 10 November 2024 | |
| Sheikh Bashir Uddin | 10 November 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Cultural Affairs | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Asif Nazrul | 16 August 2024 | 10 November 2024 | |
| Mostofa Sarwar Farooki | 10 November 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Defense | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Faruk-e-Azam | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Education | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Wahiduddin Mahmud | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change | Rizwana Hasan | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Expatriates Welfare and Overseas Employment | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Asif Nazrul | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Finance | Salehuddin Ahmed | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock | Farida Akhter | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Food | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 10 November 2024 |
| Ali Imam Majumder | 10 November 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs | Md. Touhid Hossain | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Health and Family Welfare | Nurjahan Begum | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Home Affairs | M Sakhawat Hussain | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Jahangir Alam Chowdhury | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Housing and Public Works | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Adilur Rahman Khan | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Information and Broadcasting | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Nahid Islam | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Industries | Adilur Rahman Khan | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Labour & Employment | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Asif Mahmud | 16 August 2024 | 10 November 2024 | |
| M Sakhawat Hussain | 10 November 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Land | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 22 August 2024 |
| A F Hassan Ariff | 22 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs | Asif Nazrul | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Liberation War Affairs | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 13 August 2024 |
| Faruk-e-Azam | 13 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Co-operatives | A. F Hassan Ariff | 8 August 2024 | 10 November 2024 |
| Asif Mahmud | 10 November 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Planning | Salehuddin Ahmed | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Wahiduddin Mahmud | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Primary and Mass Education | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 11 August 2024 |
| Bidhan Ranjan Roy | 11 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology | Nahid Islam | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Muhammad Fouzul Kabir Khan | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Public Administration | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Railways | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Muhammad Fouzul Kabir Khan | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Religious Affairs | A F M Khalid Hossain | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Road Transport and Bridges | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Muhammad Fouzul Kabir Khan | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Science and Technology | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 22 August 2024 |
| Salehuddin Ahmed | 22 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Shipping | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 22 August 2024 |
| M Sakhawat Hussain | 22 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Social Welfare | Sharmeen Murshid | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
| Ministry of Textiles and Jute | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| M Sakhawat Hussain | 16 August 2024 | 10 November 2024 | |
| Sheikh Bashir Uddin | 10 November 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Water Resources | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 16 August 2024 |
| Rizwana Hasan | 16 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Women and Children Affairs | Muhammad Yunus | 8 August 2024 | 22 August 2024 |
| Sharmeen Murshid | 22 August 2024 | Currently in Office | |
| Ministry of Youth and Sports | Asif Mahmud | 8 August 2024 | Currently in Office |
Reform commissions
editThe Yunus ministry formed six reform commissions to reform six important areas of the government. The Head Commissioner will have a status of a Justice of Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh.[45]
The details of the commission heads and members are as follows.[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] [57][58]
| Name | Position | Career Highlights |
|---|---|---|
| Public Administration Reform Commission | ||
| Abdul Muyeed Chowdhury | Head Commissioner | Chairman, Biman Bangladesh Airlines
Former Adviser of Latifur Rahman caretaker government |
| Muhammad Tarek | Member | Former Secretary |
| Muhammad Aiyub Mia | Member | Former Secretary |
| Muhammad Mokhles Ur Rahman | Member | Senior Secretary, Ministry of Public Administration |
| Muhammad Hafizur Rahman | Member | Former Additional Secretary |
| Rezwan Khayer | Member | Former Additional Secretary |
| A. K. A. Firowz Ahmad | Member | Former Chairman, Department of Public Administration, University of Dhaka |
| Anti Corruption Commission Reform Commission | ||
| Iftekharuzzaman | Head Commissioner | Executive Director, Transparency International Bangladesh |
| Masud Ahmed | Member | Former Comptroller and Auditor General of Bangladesh |
| Mobasser Monem | Member | Professor, Department of Public Administration, University of Dhaka |
| Mushtaq Khan | Member | Professor, Department of Economics, SOAS University of London |
| Mahdin Chowdhury | Member | Bar-at-Law |
| Mahbubur Rahman | Member | Professor, Department of Law, University of Dhaka |
| Farzana Sharmin | Member | Advocate, Supreme Court of Bangladesh |
| Justice Division Reform Commission | ||
| Shah Abu Nayeem Mominur Rahman | Head Commissioner | Former Justice, Appellate Division, Supreme Court of Bangladesh |
| Emdadul Haq | Member | Retired Justice, High Court Division, Supreme Court of Bangladesh
Former District and Sessions Judge |
| Farid Ahmed Shibli | Member | Justice, High Court Division, Supreme Court of Bangladesh
Former District and Sessions Judge |
| Sayed Aminul Islam | Member | Former District and Sessions Judge
Former Registrar, Supreme Court of Bangladesh |
| Masdar Hossain | Member | Former District and Sessions Judge
Plaintiff in the case of Masdar Hossain v. State |
| Tanim Hossain Shawon | Member | Senior Advocate, Supreme Court of Bangladesh |
| Kazi Mahfuzul Haq Shupon | Member | Associate Professor, Department of Law, University of Dhaka |
| Police Reform Commission | ||
| Sofor Raj Hossain | Head Commissioner | Former Secretary |
| Abu Momtaz Saad Uddin Ahmed | Member | Additional Secretary, Public Security Division, Ministry of Home Affairs |
| Muhammad Iqbal | Member | Former Additional Secretary
Former Director General, Department of Narcotics Control |
| Muhammad Harun Chowdhury | Member | Former Divisional Commissioner and Joint Secretary |
| Sheikh Sazzad Ali | Member | Former Additional Inspector General of Bangladesh Police |
| Md. Golam Rosul | Member | Deputy Inspector General of Bangladesh Police |
| Shanaz Huda | Member | Professor, Department of Law, University of Dhaka |
| A. S. M. Nasiruddin Alam | Member | Human rights activist |
| Electoral System Reform Commission | ||
| Badiul Alam Majumdar | Head Commissioner | Editor, Shushashoner Jonno Nagorik
Election and Local Government Expert |
| Tofayel Ahmed | Member | Educator
Local Government and Election Expert |
| Jesmin Tuli | Member | Former Additional Secretary, Bangladesh Election Commission
Electoral System, Voter Registration and National Identity Card Expert |
| Md. Abdul Alam | Member | Election Expert |
| Zahed Ur Rahman | Member | Political Expert and Opinion Maker |
| Mir Nadia Nivin | Member | Governance and Institutional Reform Expert |
| Muhammed Sadek Ferdous | Member | Electronic Voting and Blockchain Expert |
| Constitution Reform Commission | ||
| Ali Riaz | Head Commissioner | Political scientist and Writer |
| Sumaiya Khair | Member | Professor, Department of Law, University of Dhaka |
| Imran Siddique | Member | Bar-at-Law |
| Muhammad Ekramul Haque | Member | Professor, Department of Law, University of Dhaka |
| Sharif Bhuiyan | Member | Advocate, Supreme Court of Bangladesh |
| M Moin Alam Firozi | Member | Bar-at-Law |
| Firoz Ahmed | Member | Writer |
| Md. Mostain Billah | Member | Writer and Human rights activist |
| Mahfuz Alam | Member | Student Representative |
| Inquiry for Enforced Disappearances Commission | ||
| Moinul Islam Chowdhury | Head Commissioner | Retired Justice of High Court Division |
| Farid Ahmed Shibli | Member | Retired Additional Justice of High Court Division |
| Nur Khan | Member | Human rights activist |
| Nabila Idris | Member | Teacher, Brac University |
| Sazzad Hossain | Member | Human rights activist |
Councils, committees, and commissions
editThe Interim government led by Muhammad Yunus formed several new councils, committees, and commissions, and reformed existing ones to manage various areas of the government. The councils, committees, and commissions consist of Chief Adviser Muhammad Yunus, several advisers and government officials. The details about the committees are as follows.[59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72]
Constitutional legality
edit
In spite of the existence of interim administrations in the 1975–78 (Sayem ministry) and 1990–91 (Shahabuddin Ahmed ministry) periods of Bangladeshi political history, there were significant concerns regarding the legality of an interim government, considering that the Constitution of Bangladesh does not allow for it to exist. The Constitution also forbids ouster clauses, following the doctrine of basic constitutional structure.
The only form of interim government that has been constitutional in the past under the country's law was the CtG system introduced in 1996 through the 13th Amendment but this was overturned by the Awami League regime in 2011 through the 15th Amendment, which repealed the former.[73] With the Awami League President and former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigning and fleeing the country amid protests,[74][75] this creates an impossible situation for the Bangladeshi legal system because it can no longer account for transfers of power. That being said, the Appellate Division of the Bangladeshi Supreme Court has acknowledged the necessity of the Yunus government and ruled in favour of what essentially amounts to the wording of the 13th Amendment prior to its suspension: “The Appellate Division opined that in accordance with Article 106 of the Constitution, an interim government can be formed with a chief advisor and a few other advisors in the absence of parliament” as per Chief Justice Obaidul Hassan.[76] Hassan himself a staunch supporter of the ousted Awami League, has since resigned as Chief Justice.[77]
Hence, despite the lack of constitutional legality for an interim government, due to extremely broad popular support and the need to ensure that a military junta takeover like in 1975 is prevented, Yunus was sworn in on the night of August 8, 2024.[78][79] Yunus' government enjoys broad international support and is seen as legitimate by the international community, with many heads of state and Ministers of Foreign Affairs of other nations having congratulated Yunus upon having been sworn in as the new Chief Adviser of the interim government of Bangladesh.[80][81][82]
Reactions
editInternal
edit- The nomination of Yunus, who accepted an offer to advise the interim government, has been supported by key figures in the student movement.[83][84] Anti-discrimination student movement coordinator Nahid Islam (who later became an adviser to the interim government) said on 6 August 2024,[85]
We have decided that an interim government would be formed, in which internationally renowned Nobel laureate Dr. Muhammad Yunus, who has wide acceptability, would be the chief adviser.
- Former Member of Parliament and business leader A.K. Azad said in his response,
The government that has been formed under the leadership of Dr. Muhammad Yunus has support from us businessmen. We hope that the broken law and order situation will be restored as soon as possible. All those students and public who were killed will be done justice through a special investigation committee and a special court of law.[b]
- Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Inu) president Hasanul Haq Inu and general secretary Shirin Akhtar said in a statement:
As the primary and main task of the interim government, effective steps must be taken in restoring normalcy and peace in public life by ensuring the safety of life and property of the people through the reestablishment of law and order in the country without delay. Following the taking of office of the interim government, it should be ensured that there not be a single incident of loss of life, attack or destruction of property in the country.[c]
- Joint General Secretary of the Awami League Mahbubul Alam Hanif has congratulated the interim government, which has taken the oath of office after the ouster of the government led by the party, through a Facebook post.[88] He also urged the government to take strict measures to stop killings, looting and arson attacks across the country.
International
editGovernments
edit- Minister of Foreign Affairs of Canada Mélanie Joly welcomed the inauguration of the interim government in Bangladesh led by Dr. Yunus.[89]
- Lin Jian, spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China said, "China has noted the establishment of an interim government of Bangladesh and welcomes this".[90]
- Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi congratulated Yunus after he was sworn in as a chief of the interim government. Modi said, "We hope for an early return to normalcy, ensuring the safety and protection of Hindus and all other minority communities".[91] Leader of Opposition of India Rahul Gandhi & Chief Minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee also congratulated Yunus on being sworn in as the head of Bangladesh's interim government.[92]
- A spokesperson for the South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed hope to strengthen Bangladesh–South Korea relations with the interim government.[93]
- Japanese ambassador to Bangladesh congratulated and extended their full support.[94]
- Prime Minister of Malaysia Anwar Ibrahim congratulated Yunus on his appointment as Chief Adviser of the interim government of Bangladesh.[95]
- President of Maldives Mohamed Muizzu congratulated Yunus on his appointment as the Chief Adviser of the interim government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.[96]
- President of Sri Lanka Ranil Wickremesinghe congratulates Yunus and his interim Government of Bangladesh.[97]
- The Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs welcomed the interim government of Dr. Yunus.[98] Prime Minister Dick Schoof also congratulated Dr. Yunus, stating, "Our countries enjoy long-standing and cordial ties. I look forward to supporting your interim government and further deepening our cooperation."[99]
- Prime Minister of Pakistan Shehbaz Sharif wished Yunus great success in guiding Bangladesh towards a harmonious and prosperous future. He looks forward to working with him to deepen cooperation between Pakistan and Bangladesh.[100] Many leaders of Opposition Party Pakistan Tehreek E Insaf(PTI) also congratulates Interim Government of Bangladesh.
- President of Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdoğan congratulated Yunus.[101] Erdoğan described Yunus as "a friend of Islam and Turkey", adding that "Turkey will continue to provide support in this turbulent time".[102]
- Spokesperson for the United States Department of State Matthew Miller told reporters: "We welcome Dr. Yunus's call for an end to the recent violence and we stand ready to work with the interim government and Dr. Yunus as it charts a democratic future for the people of Bangladesh."[103]
- President of France Emmanuel Macron congratulated Dr Yunus & extended full support.[104]
- Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Keir Starmer welcomed the Interim Government of the Bangladesh and pledged support.[105]
Organizations
edit- High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Josep Borrell said, "The EU looks forward to engaging with the new administration and to supporting this critical transition which should be part of a peaceful and inclusive process underpinned by good governance, democratic values and respect for human rights".[106]
- An alliance of 255 revolutionary groups and civil society organizations in Myanmar published an open letter congratulating the establishment of the interim government and appealed to Yunus to collaborate with and support the National Unity Government of Myanmar against the State Administration Council.[107][108]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ [44][6][7][8][10][11][14][17][27][28][31][32][35][18][19][20][22][23][24][21]
- ^ ড. মুহাম্মদ ইউনূসের নেতৃত্বে যে সরকার গঠিত হয়েছে তাতে আমাদের ব্যবসায়ীদের সমর্থন রয়েছে। আমরা আশা করব ভেঙে পড়া আইনশৃঙ্খলা পরিস্থিতি দ্রুত সময়ের মধ্যে ফিরিয়ে আনা হবে। যে সকল ছাত্র-জনতাকে হত্যা করা হয়েছে বিশেষ তদন্ত কমিটি ও বিশেষ আদালতের মাধ্যমে তার বিচারের ব্যবস্থা করবে।[86]
- ^ অন্তর্বর্তীকালীন সরকারের প্রাথমিক ও প্রধান কাজ হিসাবে অনতিবিলম্বে দেশে আইনশৃঙ্খলা পুনঃপ্রতিষ্ঠা করার মধ্য দিয়ে জনগণের জানমালের নিরাপত্তা নিশ্চিত করে জনজীবনে স্বাভাবিকতা ও শান্তি ফিরিয়ে আনতে কার্যকর পদক্ষেপ গ্রহণ করতে হবে। অন্তর্বর্তীকালীন সরকার দায়িত্ব গ্রহণ করার পর দেশে আর একটিও প্রাণহানি, হামলা ও সম্পদ ধ্বংসের ঘটনা যেন না ঘটে তা নিশ্চিত হবে।[87]
References
edit- ^ "Dr Yunus-led interim govt legal: SC". The Business Standard. 9 August 2024. Archived from the original on 10 August 2024. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
- ^ Shaikh, Emran Hossain (7 August 2024). "Interim govt: What the law says". Dhaka Tribune.
- ^ "Interim government headed by Yunus is legal, says Supreme Court". bdnews24.com. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Constituent assembly to be convened for charter reform: Nahid". Archived from the original on 24 September 2024.
- ^ a b "Yunus to stay at State Guest House Jamuna after taking oath". The Daily Star (Bangladesh). 8 August 2024. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Appointment of Dr. Muhammad Yunus as Chief Adviser to the Interim Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 8 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Appointment of 16 Persons as Advisers to the Interim Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 8 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Muhammad Yunus takes oath as head of Bangladesh's interim government". Al Jazeera. 8 August 2024.
- ^ Alamgir, Mohiuddin; Khan, Baharam (9 August 2024). "Yunus-led interim govt takes charge". The Daily Star. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
- ^ a b "Bangladesh gets interim government after four-day vacuum". Prothom Alo. 8 August 2024. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
- ^ a b c "Distribution of Ministry-Divisional Offices among Chief Adviser and Advisers" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 9 August 2024.
- ^ "Advisers Supradip Chakma, Bidhan Ranjan Roy take oath". banglanews24.com. 11 August 2024.
- ^ "Two interim govt advisers take oath". Somoy News. 11 August 2024.
- ^ a b c "Redistribution of offices among advisers to the Interim Government" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 11 August 2024.
- ^ "Interim govt's adviser Faruk-e-Azam sworn in". Prothom Alo. 13 August 2024.
- ^ "Farooq-e-Azam takes oath of office". Dhaka Tribune. 13 August 2024.
- ^ a b c "The Chief Adviser to the Interim Government redistributed the responsibilities of various ministries and departments among the Advisers to the newly formed Government" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 13 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Shafiqul Alam appointed Press Secretary to Chief Adviser". Dhaka Tribune. 14 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Shafiqul Alam appointed chief adviser's press secretary". The Business Standard. 13 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Shafiqul Alam made CA's press secretary". The Financial Express. 15 August 2024.
- ^ a b c "List of Officers (Not in order of seniority)". Chief Adviser's Office, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
- ^ a b "Lamiya Morshed appointed principal coordinator for SDGs at chief adviser's office". The Business Standard. 14 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Lamiya Morshed appointed Principal Coordinator for SDGs at Chief Adviser's office". unb.com.bd. 14 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Lamiya Morshed named SDG principal coordinator at CA's Office". businesspostbd.com. 15 August 2024.
- ^ "Appointment of advisers to the Interim Government" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 16 August 2024.
- ^ "Interim government: Four new advisors sworn-in". Prothom Alo. 16 August 2024.
- ^ a b c d "Distribution-re-distribution of offices among the advisers of the Interim Government" (PDF). Cabinet Division,Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 16 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Appointment of Special Assistant to Hon'ble Chief Adviser" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 22 August 2024.
- ^ "Lt Gen Abdul Hafiz appointed as special assistant to Chief Adviser Yunus". The Business Standard. 23 August 2024.
- ^ "Abdul Hafiz appointed special assistant to chief adviser". Dhaka Tribune. 23 August 2024.
- ^ a b c "Redistribution of offices among advisers to the Interim Government" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 27 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Mahfuz Alam special asst to chief adviser". The Daily Star. 29 August 2024.
- ^ "Student leader Mahfuz Alam made special assistant to chief adviser". Prothom Alo. 28 August 2024.
- ^ "Coordinator Mahfuz appointed special assistant to Chief Adviser". Dhaka Tribune. 28 August 2024.
- ^ a b "Appointment of Honorable Chief Adviser's Envoy on International Affairs" (PDF). Cabinet Division Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 4 September 2024.
- ^ "Lutfey Siddiqui appointed as chief adviser's special envoy on international affairs". The Business Standard. 4 September 2024.
- ^ a b c "অন্তর্বর্তীকালীন সরকারের উপদেষ্টা পদে নিয়োগদান" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 10 November 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c "President swears in three new advisers". Dhaka Tribune. 10 November 2024.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c "Who are the new advisers?". The Daily Star. 10 November 2024.
- ^ a b c "অন্তর্বর্তীকালীন সরকারের প্রধান উপদেষ্টা, উপদেষ্টাগণের মধ্যে বিভিন্ন মন্ত্রণালয়-বিভাগের দায়িত্ব বণ্টন- পুনর্বণ্টন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c "Govt announces another major reshuffle as three new advisers sworn in". The Business Standard. 11 November 2024.
- ^ a b c "অন্তর্বর্তীকালীন সরকারের প্রধান উপদেষ্টা কর্তৃক বর্ণিত ব্যক্তিবর্গকে প্রতিমন্ত্রীর পদমর্যাদায় বিশেষ সহকারী হিসেবে নিয়োগদান" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 10 November 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c "CA appoints three special assistants to aid home, health, education advisers". Prothomalo. 11 November 2024.
- ^ a b "Honorable Chief Adviser and Advisers". Chief Adviser's Office, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 17 August 2024.
- ^ "রাষ্ট্রের বিভিন্ন খাতে সংস্কারের লক্ষ্যে ৬ (ছয়)টি কমিশনের কমিশন প্রধান ও সদস্যগণের মর্যাদা , বেতন-ভাতা-সম্মানি নির্ধারণ সংক্রান্ত প্রজ্ঞাপন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (PDF) (in Bengali). 9 October 2024.
- ^ "Govt finalises 5 of 6 reform commissions". The Daily Star. 4 October 2024. Retrieved 16 October 2024.
- ^ "Govt constitutes five reform commissions". Dhaka Tribune. 4 October 2024.
- ^ "6 reform commissions gazette awaiting notification". Prothomalo. 2 October 2024.
- ^ "Who are the heads of the six reform commissions?". The Business Standard. 11 September 2024.
- ^ "Chief advisor announces formation of six reform commissions". Chief advisor announces formation of six reform commissions. bdnews24.com. 12 September 2024.
- ^ "জনপ্রশাসন সংস্কার কমিশন গঠন সংক্রান্ত প্রজ্ঞাপন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 3 October 2024.
- ^ "দুর্নীতি দমন কমিশন সংস্কার কমিশন গঠন সংক্রান্ত প্রজ্ঞাপন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 3 October 2024.
- ^ "বিচার বিভাগ সংস্কার কমিশন গঠন সংক্রান্ত প্রজ্ঞাপন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 3 October 2024.
- ^ "পুলিশ সংস্কার কমিশন গঠন সংক্রান্ত প্রজ্ঞাপন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 3 October 2024.
- ^ "নির্বাচন ব্যবস্থা সংস্কার কমিশন গঠন সংক্রান্ত প্রজ্ঞাপন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 3 October 2024.
- ^ "সংবিধান সংস্কার কমিশন গঠন সংক্রান্ত প্রজ্ঞাপন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 6 October 2024.
- ^ "গুম সংক্রান্ত কমিশন অফ ইনকোয়ারি". Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 15 September 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "গুম সংক্রান্ত কমিশনের ক্ষমতা বাড়ল". Prothomalo (in Bengali). 21 October 2024.
- ^ "জাতীয় অর্থনৈতিক পরিষদের নির্বাহী কমিটি (একনেক) গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 20 August 2024.
- ^ "অর্থনৈতিক বিষয় সংক্রান্ত উপদেষ্টা পরিষদ কমিটি গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 20 August 2024.
- ^ "সরকারি ক্রয় সংক্রান্ত উপদেষ্টা পরিষদ কমিটি গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 20 August 2024.
- ^ "আইন-শৃঙ্খলা সংক্রান্ত উপদেষ্টা পরিষদ কমিটি গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 20 August 2024.
- ^ "সরকারি অর্থে প্রতিষ্ঠিত রাষ্ট্রীয় প্রতিষ্ঠান-স্থাপনার নামকরণের ক্ষেত্রে আইনি কাঠামো প্রণয়নের উদ্দেশ্যে উপদেষ্টা পরিষদ কমিটি গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 3 September 2024.
- ^ "'খাদ্য পরিকল্পনা ও পরিধারণ কমিটি (এফপিএমসি)' গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 4 September 2024.
- ^ "'জাতীয় নিরাপদ খাদ্য ব্যবস্থাপনা উপদেষ্টা পরিষদ' গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 5 September 2024.
- ^ "জাতীয় অর্থনৈতিক পরিষদ (এনইসি)' গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 8 September 2024.
- ^ "'হজ ব্যবস্থাপনা সংক্রান্ত জাতীয় কমিটি' গঠন করা" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. 7 October 2024.
- ^ "'হজ ব্যবস্থাপনা সংক্রান্ত নির্বাহী কমিটি' গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 7 October 2024.
- ^ "জাতীয় পুরস্কার সংক্রান্ত উপদেষ্টা পরিষদ কমিটি গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 7 October 2024.
- ^ "'বৈষম্যবিরোধী ছাত্র আন্দোলনে আহতদের চিকিৎসাসেবা নিশ্চিতকরণার্থে উপদেষ্টা পরিষদ কমিটি' গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 9 October 2024.
- ^ "'জেলা প্রশাসক নিয়োগ সংক্রান্ত দুর্নীতির অভিযোগ তদন্তকল্পে উপদেষ্টা পরিষদ কমিটি' গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 9 October 2024.
- ^ "'বাংলাদেশ পরিকল্পনা কমিশন' গঠন" (PDF). Cabinet Division, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (in Bengali). 30 October 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Nirmitha Rao, Lingamgunta (7 August 2024). "Bangladesh's constitutional dilemma: Interim government under Yunus explained". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
- ^ "Sheikh Hasina: Euphoria in Bangladesh after PM flees country". BBC News. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Bangladesh army announces interim government after PM Sheikh Hasina flees". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Ex-CJ Khairul faces complaint over alleged fraud in passing judgement". The Financial Express (Bangladesh). Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Bangladesh's chief justice resigns after fresh protests at Supreme Court". France 24. 10 August 2024. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Muhammad Yunus takes oath as head of Bangladesh's interim government". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Muhammad Yunus lands in Bangladesh to lead interim government". BBC News. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Antony Blinken welcomes swearing in of Muhammad Yunus to lead interim government in Bangladesh". The Hindu. PTI. 10 August 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Foreign Ministry Spokesperson's Remarks on Bangladesh Forming an Interim Government_Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China". www.mfa.gov.cn. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Bangladesh: Statement by the High Representative on the new interim government | EEAS". www.eeas.europa.eu. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Bangladesh protesters want Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus to lead government". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
- ^ "Bangladesh crisis highlights: Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus takes oath as the head of Bangladesh's interim government". The Hindu. 8 August 2024. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
- ^ "Student movement wants Yunus to head interim government". bdnews24.com. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
- ^ ড. ইউনূসের নেতৃত্বের সরকারে ব্যবসায়ীদের সমর্থন আছে : এ কে আজাদ | কালবেলা. কালবেলা | বাংলা নিউজ পেপার (in Bengali). Kalbela. 9 August 2024. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
- ^ অন্তর্বর্তী সরকারকে অভিনন্দন জাসদের. Jugantor (in Bengali). 9 August 2024. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
- ^ "Awami League leader Hanif greets interim government". The Financial Express. 10 August 2024. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
- ^ "UK, US, Canada back Yunus-led interim govt in Bangladesh". The Business Standard. 10 August 2024. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
- ^ "How China, India and the world reacted to Bangladesh's interim govt formation". Firstpost. 9 August 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
- ^ "Modi congratulates Prof Yunus on becoming chief adviser of interim govt". The Financial Express. Retrieved 8 August 2024.
- ^ @RahulGandhi (8 August 2024). "Congratulations to Professor Muhammad Yunus on being sworn in as the head of Bangladesh's interim government. A swift restoration of peace and normalcy is the need of the hour" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ Hasib, Nurul Islam (17 August 2024). "Korea looks forward to working with Bangladesh interim government". Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
- ^ "Japanese envoy meets Chief Adviser". The Financial Express. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
- ^ @anwaribrahim (9 August 2024). "I extend my heartiest congratulations to Nobel Laureate Dr Muhammad Yunus on his appointment as Chief Adviser of the interim government of Bangladesh. His vast experience promises to guide the nation with wisdom and integrity" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ @MMuizzu (8 August 2024). "Warm Congratulations to Dr. Muhammad Yunus on his appointment as the Chief Adviser of the interim government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Sri Lanka president congratulates Yunus". The Daily Star. 15 August 2024. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
- ^ @DutchMFA (9 August 2024). "The Netherlands stands with the people of #Bangladesh on their road to a democratic future and welcomes the interim government of dr. Yunus. We deeply value our bilateral relationship and look forward to further cooperation in line with democratic principles and human rights" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Chief Adviser GOB". Facebook. 17 August 2024.
- ^ @CMShehbaz (9 August 2024). "Heartiest felicitations to Professor Muhammad Yunus on his swearing-in as Chief Adviser of the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Wishing him great success in guiding Bangladesh towards a harmonious and prosperous future. I look forward to working with him to deepen cooperation between Pakistan and Bangladesh in the days ahead. @Yunus_Centre" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Yunus says will head Bangladesh interim govt for snap elections". Anadolu Ajansı. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
- ^ "Erdogan congratulates Yunus". The Daily Star. 9 August 2024. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
- ^ "Muhammad Yunus takes oath as head of Bangladesh's interim government". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
- ^ "France President Macron greets Chief Adviser Prof Yunus". Prothom Alo. BSS. 21 August 2024. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
- ^ "British PM greets Chief Adviser Prof Yunus, expresses desire to collaborate". The Business Standard. 15 August 2024. Retrieved 6 September 2024.
- ^ "Bangladesh: congratulated YunusStatement by the High Representative on the new interim government". www.eeas.europa.eu. Retrieved 9 August 2024.
- ^ "Myanmar Revolution Forces, CSOs congratulate Bangladesh on movement success". Dhaka Tribune. 16 August 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
- ^ "Myanmar civil society organisations send felicitations of support to Bangladesh movement". Mizzima. 17 August 2024. Retrieved 17 August 2024.