Yarilo

Jarylo (Cyrillic: Ярило, Ярила; Serbo-Croatian: Jarilo, Јарило; Belarusian: Ярыла), alternatively Yaryla, Yarilo, Iarilo, Juraj, Jurij, or Gerovit, is an alleged East and South Slavic god of vegetation, fertility and springtime.^[1]^[2]

Etymology

The Proto-Slavic root *jarъ (jar, yar), from Proto-Indo-European *yōr-, *yeh₁ro-, from *yeh₁r-, means "spring" or "summer", "strong", "furious", "imbued with youthful life-force". This youthful life-force was considered sacred in the Slavic pre-Christian religion and the god personifying this sacred force was thus called Jarovit, or hypocoristically Jarilo.

Sources

The only historic source that mentions this deity is a 12th-century biography of the proselytizing German bishop Otto of Bamberg, who, during his expeditions to convert the pagan tribes of Wendish and Polabian Slavs, encountered festivals in honor of the war-god Gerovit in the cities of Wolgast and Havelberg. Gerovit is most likely a German derivation of the Slavic name Jarovit.

Up until the 19th century in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus and Serbia, folk festivals called Jarilo were celebrated in late spring or early summer. Early researchers of Slavic mythology recognised in them relics of pagan ceremonies in honor of an eponymous spring deity. In northern Croatia and southern Slovenia, especially White Carniola, similar spring festivals were called Jurjevo or Zeleni Juraj or Zeleni Jurij (Green George), nominally dedicated to St. George, and fairly similar to the Jarilo festivals of other Slavic nations.

statue of Jarilo in the Ukrainian Steppe park [uk], Donetsk

Identification with St. George

With the advent of Christianity, Jarilo became identified with St. George and St. John, because the festivals of these two saints fell within the period between first growth and harvest time in the great annual cycle of vegetation and fertility. This made them especially suited to assuming the functions of this god under the new, Christian dispensation.^[3]

References

^ Johnson, Kenneth (1998). Slavic Sorcery : shamanic journey of initiation. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications. p. 89. ISBN 1-56718-374-3. OCLC 37725456.
^ Leeming, David.From Olympus to Camelot: The World of European Mythology. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 2003. p. 129.
^ Katičić, Radoslav (2017). Naša stara vjera: Tragovima svetih pjesama naše pretkršćanske starine. Zagreb: IBIS GRAFIKA/Matica Hrvatska. p. 18 ff. ISBN 978-953-6927-98-2.

Bibliography

V. Belaj. "Hod kroz godinu: mitska pozadina hrvatskih narodnih običaja i vjerovanja" [Walk through year, mythical background of Croatian folk beliefs and customs], Golden Marketing, Zagreb 1998.

[1] Johnson, Kenneth (1998). Slavic Sorcery : shamanic journey of initiation. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications. p. 89. ISBN 1-56718-374-3. OCLC 37725456.

[2] Leeming, David.From Olympus to Camelot: The World of European Mythology. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 2003. p. 129.

[3] Katičić, Radoslav (2017). Naša stara vjera: Tragovima svetih pjesama naše pretkršćanske starine. Zagreb: IBIS GRAFIKA/Matica Hrvatska. p. 18 ff. ISBN 978-953-6927-98-2.

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