Yafran /ˈjɑːfrən/ (Arabic: يفرن), also spelled Jefren, Yefren, Yifran, Yifrin or Ifrane, is a city in northwestern Libya, in the Jabal al Gharbi District in the western Nafusa Mountains. Before 2007, Yafran was the administrative seat of the Yafran District.[3]
Yafran
يفرن | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Top: The view from the city of Yafran; Middle Left: Yellow blossom flowers blooming in spring; Middle right: Ancient church in Yafran; Bottom left: The ancient ruin town of Yafran Bottom right: The houses in Yafran covered with snow | |
  Yafran Location in Libya | |
| Coordinates: 32°03′46″N 12°31′36″E / 32.06278°N 12.52667°E | |
| Country |  Libya |
| Region | Tripolitania |
| District | Yafran |
| Elevation | 678 m (2,224 ft) |
| Population (2012)[2] | |
| • Total | 54,573 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Area code | +218 421 |
| License Plate Code | 22 |
Libyan civil war
editYafran people, as in other cities of Libya, have demonstrated against Gaddafi. Subsequently, Yafran was exposed to bombardment and siege by Gaddafi forces. As of May 2011, Gaddafi's forces had shut down the water system and blocked food supplies[4] and held the western part of the town with some 500 rebels in the eastern section of Yafran still resisting.[5]
Yafran fell to Gaddafi's forces sometime in late May or early June. The centre of the town was used as a position for "government tanks, artillery guns and snipers".[6] On 2 June, rebel forces retook the city center and started to clear the area of Gaddafi's forces.[7] On 6 June, an on-site Reuters journalist reported that the pro-Gaddafi forces were nowhere to be seen in or around the town.[8]
Climate
editYafran has a semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSh) with hot, dry summers and cool, somewhat rainy winters.
| Climate data for Yafran (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 25.0 (77.0) |
30.7 (87.3) |
33.5 (92.3) |
37.8 (100.0) |
40.8 (105.4) |
42.0 (107.6) |
43.0 (109.4) |
42.5 (108.5) |
40.5 (104.9) |
38.5 (101.3) |
34.6 (94.3) |
27.0 (80.6) |
43.0 (109.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 12.7 (54.9) |
13.9 (57.0) |
18.2 (64.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
28.0 (82.4) |
33.6 (92.5) |
34.8 (94.6) |
35.6 (96.1) |
31.2 (88.2) |
25.7 (78.3) |
18.4 (65.1) |
14.5 (58.1) |
24.0 (75.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.9 (46.2) |
10.1 (50.2) |
12.9 (55.2) |
17.6 (63.7) |
21.1 (70.0) |
27.0 (80.6) |
29.3 (84.7) |
28.7 (83.7) |
26.7 (80.1) |
21.3 (70.3) |
14.4 (57.9) |
10.9 (51.6) |
19.0 (66.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.0 (37.4) |
6.2 (43.2) |
5.6 (42.1) |
13.2 (55.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
18.8 (65.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
21.2 (70.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
15.6 (60.1) |
10.4 (50.7) |
7.3 (45.1) |
13.1 (55.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −8.0 (17.6) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
2.1 (35.8) |
5.6 (42.1) |
9.2 (48.6) |
10.0 (50.0) |
8.6 (47.5) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 52.4 (2.06) |
47.0 (1.85) |
35.0 (1.38) |
12.9 (0.51) |
8.6 (0.34) |
2.8 (0.11) |
0.3 (0.01) |
1.3 (0.05) |
7.1 (0.28) |
25.3 (1.00) |
20.7 (0.81) |
44.0 (1.73) |
257.4 (10.13) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 4.6 | 25.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 65.4 | 60.2 | 53.9 | 48.9 | 45.1 | 43.2 | 44.4 | 46.1 | 53.4 | 56.6 | 59.1 | 65.0 | 53.4 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
2.2 (36.0) |
3.6 (38.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
8.2 (46.8) |
10.9 (51.6) |
13.2 (55.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
14.2 (57.6) |
11.2 (52.2) |
6.7 (44.1) |
4.0 (39.2) |
8.1 (46.6) |
| Source: NOAA[9] | |||||||||||||
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Wolfram Alpha
- ^ World Gazetteer. "Libya: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population". Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
- ^ " مدينةيفرن" ("Yafran District") Website of the General People's Committee of Libya, from Internet Archive dated 18 April 2006, in Arabic
- ^ People of Yafran, besieged by pro-Gaddafi forces, facing starvation | Libya TV
- ^ "Libyan begs NATO to save his small town". CNN. Archived from the original on 2020-10-03.
- ^ Boudreaux, Richard (1 June 2011). "Conflict Hardens in Libya's Mountains". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ Rebels in western Libya seize mountain towns in push toward Tripoli « Shabab Libya
- ^ Al Jazeera, Libya Live Blog, June 6
- ^ "Yefren Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 15 September 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
External links
edit- "Yafran, Libya", Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.
- "Yafran Map — Satellite Images of Yafran", Maplandia