A pilgrimage to a statue of Mary in Werl, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, caused the building of pilgrimage churches there. The first one, completed in 1662, was replaced by a Baroque building completed in 1789, which later became known as the Alte Wallfahrtskirche (Old Pilgrimage Church). When it became too small, an adjacent Wallfahrtsbasilika (Pilgrimage Basilica) was built, dedicated to the Visitation (Mariä Heimsuchung). It was declared a Basilica minor in 1953.
| Alte Wallfahrtskirche Mariae Virginis | |
|---|---|
 Interior of the Alte Wallfahrtskirche | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Catholic |
| Province | Diocese of Paderborn |
| Ecclesiastical or organizational status | Church |
| Year consecrated | 1789 |
| Location | |
| Location | Werl, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany |
| Geographic coordinates | 51°33′13″N 07°54′55″E / 51.55361°N 7.91528°E |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Franz Arnold Matthias Boner |
| Type | Hall church |
| Style | Baroque |
History edit
A pilgrimage to a miraculous image of Mary (wundertätiges Marienbild) in Werl began in 1661.[1] The Gnadenbild is a wood-carved figure of Mary with her son on her lap, dated to the 12th century. An abbey church of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, designed by a friar Bonitus from Trier and completed in 1662, became unstable and was demolished. A larger church was built instead to accommodate the rising numbers of pilgrims.[1]
Wallfahrtskirche edit
The pilgrimage church (Wallfahrtskirche), which also served as an abbey church for the friars (Kapuzinerkirche), was designed by Franz Arnold Matthias Boner and built from 1786 to 1789,[2] as a hall church[2] in Baroque style[3] with five bays and a rectangular choir.[2] The interior is cross-vaulted and features high windows. Uniform interior furnishings date from the late 17th century. [1] The church was dedicated to Mary (Mariae Virginis).[2]
The building was expanded to the east from 1859 to 1860.[2] The choir was changed to a five-sided choir, and the church was equipped with a ridge turret. In 1953, the colour scheme of the carvings was unified.[2]
Wallfahrtsbasilika edit
| Wallfahrtsbasilika Mariae Heimsuchung | |
|---|---|
_Ansicht_vom_Vorplatz_aus..JPG) Front of the Wallfahrtsbasilika | |
| Religion | |
| Year consecrated | 1906 |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Wilhelm Sunder-Plaßmann |
| Style | Romanesque Revival |
When the Baroque church became too small for the growing number of pilgrims, an adjacent Wallfahrtsbasilika was created.[2] It was built from 1904 to 1906, designed by Wilhelm Sunder-Plaßmann[2] in Romanesque Revival style.[3] The builder also worked for the Münster Cathedral.[2] He used Rüthener Grünsandstein, a local sandstone, for a building dominated by two high steeples in the west.[2] The basilica was consecrated, dedicated to the Visitation (Mariä Heimsuchung), on 24 May 1911 by Karl Joseph Schulte, Bishop of Paderborn.[2] It was declared a Basilica minor on 16 October 1953 by Pope Pius XII.[4]
,_Gnadenbild_(1).JPG)
Literature edit
- Anton Henze et al.: Reclams Kunstführer Deutschland, Bd. 3: Rheinlande und Westfalen. Baudenkmäler. Reclam, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-15-008401-6, p. 730.
- Georg Dehio, Ursula Quednau: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Band 2: Westfalen. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2, p. 1168
- Amalie Rohrer, Hans Jürgen Zacher (eds.): Werl. Geschichte einer westfälischen Stadt, Bd. 1 in: Studien und Quellen zur westfälischen Geschichte. Bd. 31 Teil 1. Bonifatius Verlag, Paderborn 1994, ISBN 3-87088-844-X.
References edit
- ^ a b c "Alte Wallfahrtskirche Mariae Heimsuchung". Baukunst NRW (in German). 29 August 2012. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Wallfahrtsbasilika (Doppelturm) Werl, Walburgisstr. 3 / Ehemalige Kapuziner-Klosterkirche B. Mariae Virginis (alte Wallfahrtskirche) Werl, Walburgisstr. 3" (PDF). Landschaftsverband Westfalen Lippe (LWL) (in German). p. 83. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
- ^ a b "Geschichte". wallfahrtsorte-wallfahrtskirchen.de (in German). Retrieved 20 May 2020.
- ^ "Erhebung zur Basilika minor". Wallfahrt Werl (in German). Retrieved 6 May 2020.
External links edit
