Vologodsky District (Russian: Волого́дский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[6] district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Ust-Kubinsky and Sokolsky Districts in the northeast, Mezhdurechensky District in the east, Gryazovetsky District in the southeast, Poshekhonsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the southwest, Sheksninsky District in the west, and with Kirillovsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 4,500 square kilometers (1,700 sq mi).[4] Its administrative center is the city of Vologda[8] (which is not administratively a part of the district).[1] Population: 50,438 (2010 Census);[5] 50,956 (2002 Census);[9] 64,946 (1989 Soviet census).[10] As of 2010, Vologodsky District was the most populous among all the districts of Vologda Oblast.[5]
Vologodsky District
Вологодский район | |
|---|---|
.png) Flag .png) Coat of arms | |
 Location of Vologodsky District in Vologda Oblast | |
| Coordinates: 59°26′N 39°41′E / 59.433°N 39.683°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Vologda Oblast[1] |
| Established | July 15, 1929[2] |
| Administrative center | Vologda[3] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 4,500 km2 (1,700 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 50,438 |
| • Density | 11/km2 (29/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 0% |
| • Rural | 100% |
| Administrative structure | |
| • Administrative divisions | 23 selsoviet |
| • Inhabited localities[3] | 912 rural localities |
| Municipal structure | |
| • Municipally incorporated as | Vologodsky Municipal District[6] |
| • Municipal divisions[6] | 0 urban settlements, 12 rural settlements |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [7]) |
| OKTMO ID | 19620000 |
| Website | http://volraion.ru/ |
Geography
editThe district is elongated from northwest to southeast with Lake Kubenskoye, one of the biggest lakes in Vologda Oblast, forming its northeastern border. The lake is shared between Vologodsky and Ust-Kubensky Districts. Almost all of the district's territory lies in the basin of the Sukhona River. In particular, the rivers in the north lie in the basin of Lake Kubenskoye, the source of the Sukhona, and the southern part is in the basin of the Vologda River, one of the major tributaries of the Sukhona. The Lezha River, another major tributary of the Sukhona, forms the southeastern border of the district, and the Sukhona itself forms the eastern border, upstream from the mouth of the Lezha.
Minor areas in the northwest of the district are in the Sheksna River's basin and some areas in the south of the district are in the basin of the Sogozha River. Both rivers are left tributaries of the Volga, and thus the divide between the basins of the White and the Caspian Seas crosses the district.
History
editVologda was first mentioned in reliable sources in 1264 as a remote settlement controlled by the Novgorod Republic. Subsequently, it became an important settlement on the trade route connecting Central Russia to the White Sea via the Northern Dvina River, and therefore it was a subject of frequent disputes between Novgorod and the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In the 15th century, it became the seat of the quasi-independent Principality of Vologda, which was most of the time controlled by Moscow and which included the current area of Vologodsky District. In the 15th century, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow.
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate. Vologda was specifically mentioned as one of the towns comprising the governorate. In 1780, Archangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What is now Vologodsky District was then a part of Vologodsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate.
On July 15, 1929, several governorates, including Vologda Governorate, were merged into Northern Krai, and the uyezds were abolished. Instead, Vologodsky District with the administrative center in Vologda was established as a part of Vologda Okrug. On June 20, 1932, the district was abolished. Some of its territory was transferred to Chyobsarsky, Gryazovetsky, and Ust-Kubinsky Districts, and the rest was administratively subordinated to Vologda.[2]
In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, Northern Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast, which in turn was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast in 1937. On September 1, 1938, Vologodsky District was re-established.[2]
On July 15, 1929, Chyobsarsky District with the administrative center in Chyobsara was established. On December 13, 1962, it was abolished and its territory was split between Vologodsky and Cherepovetsky Districts. On January 12, 1965, Sheksninsky District was established, which included some of the areas of the former Chyobsarsky District, including the urban-type settlement of Chyobsara.[2]
On July 15, 1929, Kubeno-Ozersky District with the administrative center in the selo of Kubenskoye was also established. On December 13, 1962, it was abolished and merged into Vologodsky District.[2]
Administrative and municipal status
editWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Vologodsky District is one of the twenty-six in the oblast.[1] The city of Vologda serves as its administrative center,[8] despite being incorporated separately as a city of oblast significance—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1]
As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Vologodsky Municipal District.[6] The city of oblast significance of Vologda is incorporated separately from the district as Vologda Urban Okrug.[11]
Economy
editIndustry
editIn 2011, food industry was the leading industry in the district, producing 61% of the gross product. Timber industry is next in importance.[12]
Agriculture
editCrops are grown in the district, and meat, milk, and eggs are produced. In 2011, the district produced more crops, milk, meat, and eggs than any other district of Vologda Oblast.[12]
Transportation
editOne of the principal highways in Russia, M8, which connects Moscow and Arkhangelsk, crosses the eastern part of the district from south to north. In Vologda, two more highways branch off. Another highway, A114, connecting Vologda to Cherepovets and Saint Petersburg, runs west from Vologda, and the highway connecting Vologda with the towns of Kirillov, Vytegra, and Pudozh runs northwest along the axis of the district.
The railroad connecting Yaroslavl and Vologda crosses the district from south to north. In the south of the district, a railroad to Buy branches off southeast. The railroad connecting Vologda with Cherepovets and Saint Petersburg begins in Vologda and runs west through the district.
Lake Kubenskoye and the Sukhona River are both navigable, as well as the Lezha and the Vologda in their lower courses, but there is no passenger navigation.
Culture and recreation
edit
The district contains six objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by the Russian Federal law and additionally sixty-eight objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.[13] The objects protected at the federal level are the Ethnographic Museum in Semyonkovo,[clarification needed] the Mozhaysky Estate in Mozhayskoye (formerly Kotelnikovo), the Intercession Church in Pokrovskoye, and the Ulyanov House in Raskopino.
There are three museums in the district. The Ethnographic Museum in Semyonkovo is an open-air museum which is created for preservation of traditional wooden architecture in the central and eastern parts of Vologda Oblast.[14] The former Mozhaysky Estate in the settlement of Mozhayskoye is now the museum of Alexander Mozhaysky.[15] Alexander Mozhaysky, Russian aviation pioneer, who in 1884 constructed a monoplane aircraft and performed an unsuccessful attempt to take off, lived in the estate, which belonged to his wife, between 1860 and 1863. The Vologda District Museum is located in the selo of Kubenskoye.[16]
Sergey Ilyushin, Soviet aircraft designer and the founder of the Ilyushin Design Bureau, was born in 1894 in the village of Dilyalevo, currently in Vologodsky District.
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d e Law #371-OZ
- ^ a b c d e Справка об изменениях административно-территориального устройства и сети партийных и комсомольских органов на территории Вологодской области (1917-1991) (in Russian). Архивы России. Retrieved October 16, 2011.
- ^ a b Resolution #178
- ^ a b Судаков, Г.В. (2006). Г. В. Судаков (ed.). Вологодская энциклопедия (PDF) (in Russian). Вологда: ВГПУ, Русь. p. 136. ISBN 5-87822-305-8. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c d Law #1112-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ a b Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 19 220», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 19 220, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Law #1103-OZ
- ^ a b Экономика района (in Russian). Администрация Вологодского района. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
- ^ Архитектурно-этнографический музей Вологодской области (in Russian). Вологодский государственный музей-заповедник. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ Дом-музей А.Ф. Можайского (филиал Вологодского государственного историко-архитектурного и художественного музея-заповедника) (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
- ^ Культура (in Russian). Администрация Вологодского района. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
Sources
edit- Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №371-ОЗ от 4 июня 1999 г. «О вопросах административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области», в ред. Закона №2916-ОЗ от 7 декабря 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон области "О вопросах административно-территориального устройства Вологодской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №124–125, 29 июля 1999 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #371-OZ of June 4, 1999 On the Matters of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast, as amended by the Law #2916-OZ of December 7, 2012 On Amending the Oblast Law "On the Matters of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Vologda Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Правительство Вологодской области. Постановление №178 от 1 марта 2010 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Вологодской области», в ред. Постановления №686 от 25 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Постановления Правительства области». Вступил в силу 20 марта 2010 г. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №29, 20 марта 2010 г. (Government of Vologda Oblast. Resolution #178 of March 1, 2010 On Adopting the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Vologda Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #686 of June 25, 2012 On Amending Various Resolutions of the Oblast Government. Effective as of March 20, 2010.).
- Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №1112-ОЗ от 6 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ Вологодского муниципального района, границах и статусе муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав», в ред. Закона №2809-ОЗ от 5 июля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы области, устанавливающие границы и статус муниципальных образований области». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №242, 11 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #1112-OZ of December 6, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of Vologodsky Municipal District, on the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations It Comprises, as amended by the Law #2809-OZ of July 5, 2012 On Amending Various Laws of the Oblast, Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Municipal Formations of the Oblast. Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Вологодской области. Закон №1103-ОЗ от 6 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципального образования "Город Вологда" и наделении его статусом городского округа», в ред. Закона №2809-ОЗ от 5 июля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные законы области, устанавливающие границы и статус муниципальных образований области». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования (21 декабря 2004 г.). Опубликован: "Красный Север", №242, 11 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Vologda Oblast. Law #1103-OZ of December 6, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of the "City of Vologda" and on Granting It Urban Okrug Status, as amended by the Law #2809-OZ of July 5, 2012 On Amending Various Laws of the Oblast, Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Municipal Formations of the Oblast. Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication (December 21, 2004).).