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Tang-gam (蕩減)" is "forgiveness". Not "indemnity".
edit"Tang-gam(蕩減)" is the core word(Sino-Korean vocabulary) of "Divine Principle partⅡ".[1][2][3][4] Its original meaning is "remission (write-off debts, forgiveness)".[5]
"Forgiveness" in the Bible is translated as "tang-gam" in several places in the Korean version.[6] It is frequently quoted in the sermons of the Christian Church in Korea.Also, We often see it in Korean media.
「주님은 우리가 죄인이었을 때에, 하나님과 원수 되어서 용서 받을 자격과 능력이 없을 때에 그 크신 사랑으로 우리 믿는 자들의 죄를 탕감(tang-gam)해 주셨고」[7] "When we are sinners, enemies of God, and not qualified to be forgiven, he has forgiven(tang-gam) our sins with that great love. "
「앞서 정부는 문 대통령 공약대로 1000만원 이하 장기 소액 연체자의 빚을 전액 탕감(tang-gam)줬다.」[8] "As promised, President Moon Jae-in forgave(tang-gam) all long-term small debts of less than 10 million won."
Rev. Sun Myung Moon explained the definition of "tang-gam" as follows.
"Forgiving a large amount of debt under small conditions (same as the original meaning)".[9]
"God always sets small conditions (less than total debt) so that everyone has the opportunity to receive salvation."[10]
”Tang-gam is to settle on the condition of a certain sacrifice.'Condition of tang-gam(forgiveness)' is a thankful amnesty to us. Because 95% is God's responsibility and 5% is human responsibility."[11]
"Don't assume that the responsibility we have is heavy.We must know that God has already done more than 95% of the hardships for us to share the responsibility of 5%. "[12]
Young Oon Kim wrote in "Unification Theology"[13] about the relationship between God and humans in the process of salvation:
"God cannot redeem man without man's cooperation and man cannot be restored to his original status without God's constant help."
"If we give ourselves to God, even though all we have covers only 5% of the total cost of redemption, God gladly contributes the remaining 95%, so to speak.”
Sang Hun Lee,[14] the director of the Institute for Unification Thought, wrote in his article[15] that "tang-gam" means "forgiveness" and its origin is in the "Parable of the Unforgiving Servant(Matthew 18: 21–35)" in the Bible.
"그 종의 주인이 불쌍히 여겨 놓아 보내며 그 빚을 탕감(tang-gam)하여 주었다" "The lord of that servant was moved with compassion, and loosed him, and forgave(tang-gam) him the debt."
Also he wrote, "If a sinner wants to take off his sins and become an innocent person, he must receive the forgiveness of his sins from God. Because humans have made God sad by the fall. A sinner cannot be forgiven by God unless he meets certain conditions."
However, on the other hand, "Explanation of Divine Principle" written by Hyo won Yoo[16] has a different definition of "tang-gam". It wrote:
"무엇이든지 그 본연의 위치와 상태 등을 잃어버리게 되었을 때, 그것들을 본래의 위치와 상태에로 복귀하려면 반드시 거기에 필요한 어떠한 조건을 세워야 한다. 이러한 조건을 세우는 것을 '탕감(tang-gam)'이라고 하는 것이다." "When someone has lost his original position or state, he must make some condition to be restored to it. The making of such conditions of restitution is called indemnity(tang-gam)".[2][1]
After reading this, Kim Dong Jun,[17] Professor Emeritus of Kanda University of International Studies, said, "This is a complete mistake. The meaning of tang-gam is remission (or forgiveness,write off debt), not indemnity."[18][19][20]
In short, tang-gam has been translated into the opposite sense, from "forgiveness of debt by creditors" to "compensation of debt by debtors". It also shows that the authors and translators were not familiar with Sino-Korean vocabulary[21], and they have never read the Bible properly and have not attended a Formal Christian church.
Preview of references
1. 原理講論 後編 第1章1節 蕩減復帰原理
2. Divine Principle Part II Section 1 1.1 Restoration through Indemnity
3. Kenji Nomura, Adviser of the Institute of Unification Thought, "University and Ideals, April 1983" Kogensha Edition
4. When Rev. Sun Myung Moon says "tang-gam," 99% is an abbreviation for ① "Principle of Restoration through tang-gam (蕩減復帰原理)",② " Restoration through tang-gam (蕩減復帰)",③ "Condition of tang-gam (蕩減条件)" ,④ "Complete the condition of Tangham. (蕩減条件 을 세우 는것)".The original meaning of "tang-gam(蕩減)" is less than 1%."Tang-gam has multiple meanings (Rev. Sun Myung Moon's slang)"
5. Naver Korean-English Dictionary
6. Deuteronomy 15:1, 2, 3, 9, 31, Nehemiah10:31, Matthew18:27, Matthew18:32, Luke7:42, Luke7:43
7. Weekly good news / Korea
8. JoongAng Ilbo / Korea
9. June 4, 1967 Sermon "The Road to tang-gam"
10. February 10, 1981 Sermon "History of providence for salvation by tang-gam"
11. "Rev. Sun Myung Moon Collection Vol. 29" P.335
12. "The way of the will (御旨乃道)P.158"
13. "Unification Theology" by Young Oon Kim
14. Sang Hun Lee is known to have been entrusted with the writing of "The Principle", which is the final version of the "Divine Principle" systematization by Rev. Sun Myung Moon.
15. "Unification Nation Historical view "Monthly "Family May 1993" Kogensha version
16. Hyo won Yoo's Christian background is only eight months of Latin Catholic Bible reading. "Anguish and the Path of Inquiry by Dr. Hyo won Yoo"
17. Kim Dong Jun is an authority of Korean language education.
18. "We asked Professor Kim Dong Jun about the meaning of tang-gam."
19. "Tang-gam: Professor Kim Dong Jun translates Exposition of the Divine Principle lecture."
20. The authors and translators of "Exposition of the Divine Principle" lack basic knowledge of Chinese characters and Christianity
21. Aritsune Toyota, "Why Korea Can't Revive Chinese characters," P3, Lines 8-11
Temscl (talk) 22:44, 24 October 2022 (UTC)
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Definition of “Tang-gam(탕감 蕩減)” by Dr.Sang Hun Lee
editRev. Sun Myung Moon once said, My last job is to write 'The Principle', and entrusted it to Dr. Sang Hun Lee.
Dr.Sang Hun Lee, "Unified National Historical View" (Monthly “Family, May 1993”)
Jesus often expressed that a sin committed by a human being is the same as going into debt. For example, Jesus gives the example of a servant who is unable to repay the debt of ten thousand talents borrowed from the king (Matthew 18/21-35).
The king said, 'If you cannot pay back the debt of ten thousand talents, sell you, his wife and children, and all that you have, and pay it back.' Even if you sell them all, you may not get 10,000 talents. This also means Tang-gam(탕감 蕩減).
However, I fell down on my knees and begged him, saying, ``I will definitely pay you back, so please wait for a while.
Seeing that figure, the king felt sorry for him and said, ``I am impressed with your thoughtfulness. I will forgive him for his debt, so go home.” This is also Tang-gam. …
The meaning of Tang-gam is clarified by these words of Jesus.
First, Tang-gam is a concept of debt as well as sin.
Secondly, Tang-gam means to reduce or eliminate sins, to have sins forgiven, as well as to reduce or offset debts, under certain conditions.
Third, Tang-gam always means that the debtor, creditor, or sinner cannot receive Tang-gam (forgiveness) without making certain conditions from God.
Fourthly, Tang-gam (forgiveness) means to return to debt-free or sin-free on certain conditions, that is, restoration. …
If a sinner wants to take off his sins and become a sinless person, he must receive the remission of sins before God. Because you made God sad by your fall. …
Tang-gam in the providence of restoration means that after a certain condition (forgiveness condition) is set and sins are forgiven, the original state is restored. Restoration through forgiveness is called 'restoration through Tang-gam'.
Tang-gam condition is the most basic condition that must be established in order to receive the forgiveness of sins and restore the original state.
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