Governor of the La Paz Department | |
---|---|
Gobernador del Departamento de La Paz (Spanish) | |
since 3 May 2021 | |
Executive branch of the La Paz Department | |
Status | |
Seat | La Paz, Bolivia |
Term length | Five years, no term limits |
Constituting instrument | 2009 Political Constitution of the State |
Precursor | Prefect |
Inaugural holder | César Cocarico |
Formation | 30 May 2010 |
Website | gobernacionlapaz |
The governor of La Paz Department is the head of state and head of government of La Paz. Since its formation in 2010, three men have served as governor of La Paz. The governor's term is five years in length; until 2017, this was subject to a two-term limit, and until 2019, incumbents were required to resign six months in advance if they wished to seek consecutive reelection. The governor's powers are enumerated in the Constitution of Bolivia?. Among the powers appropriated to the governor in the Constitution are the ability to things. The governor serves as commander-in-chief? and is empowered to enforce all laws of the department. The officeholder is given broad statutory authority to make appointments to the various cabinets of the executive branch and to appoint sub-governors for all twenty provinces.
The office of governor was preceded by that of prefect. Historically, the prefect of La Paz was an appointive position, serving at the discretion of the president. Prefects were made subject to universal suffrage only in 2005, with José Luis Paredes being the first and only elected prefect. César Cocarico took office as the first governor of La Paz on 30 May 2010. Since then, the La Paz governorship has been distinguished as one of the few high-level elective positions in which all elected authorities have been of indigenous origin.
List of governors
editGovernor | Term | Party | Election | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
César Cocarico (b. 1969) |
30 May 2010 – 31 May 2015 End of term |
Movement for Socialism |
2010 | |
2 | ![]() |
Félix Patzi (b. 1967) |
31 May 2015 – 3 May 2021 End of term |
Third System Movement |
2015 | |
3 | ![]() |
Santos Quispe (b. 1982) |
3 May 2021 – Incumbent |
Forward United People |
2021 | |
Governor | Term | Party | Election |
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Mayors and councillors in all 336 municipalities of Bolivia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Opinion polls | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Registered | 7,101,616 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Turnout | 86.18% (![]() | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 2021 Bolivian municipal elections were held on Sunday, 7 March 2021, involving separate contests for mayors and municipal council seats in all 336 municipalities of Bolivia. A total of 121 political organizations, between parties, alliances, and civic groups, ran candidates in these elections, with the ruling Movement for Socialism (MAS-IPSP) being the only party to present candidacies in all 336 municipalities. The MAS saw mixed results this cycle, winning 240 mayoralties and attaining 33.14 percent, an increase of thirteen seats despite a five-point loss in overall support. Of the nine departmental capital cities plus El Alto, the ruling party won just two, Oruro and Sucre, both with pluralities in the thirty percent range.
Background and electoral system
editThe Supreme Electoral Tribunal (TSE) issued the call for subnational elections on 10 November 2020, scheduling them to be held on 7 March 2021. Individuals aged eighteen by the election date or who had recently changed residency could register to vote between 3 and 17 December.[1] 28 December was set as the deadline for political organizations to register their candidacies.[2] For all 336 autonomous municipal governments, the electoral system has been in continuous use since 2010, involving separate contests for mayor as the executive authority and all seats in the legislative body, known as the municipal council. All mayoralties are elected by simple majority in a first-past-the-post system. Seats on the municipal council are elected on a separate electoral list, allocated proportionally using the D'Hondt method. As one of the eighteen municipalities with more than 75,000 inhabitants, La Paz counts eleven seats on its municipal council.[3]
Civic Community - Autonomis: 394,191 votes, 6.92% CID: 34,630 votes, 0.21% United for Tarija: 116,885 votes, 2.05%
214 municipalities with less than 15,000 inhabitants have 5 councillors (1070)
97 municipalities with between 15,000 and 50,000 inhabitants, 7 councillors (679)
7 municipalities with between 50,000 and 75,000 inhabitants, 9 councillors (63)
18 municipalities with more than 75,000 inhabitants, 11 councillors (88)1900 councillors?
Results
editParties and alliances | Mayoral results | Municipal council results | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | +/– | Seats | +/– | Votes | % | +/– | Seats | +/– | |||
Movement for Socialism | 1,888,994 | 33.14 | –5.72 | 240 | +13 | 1,601,394 | 34.99 | –3.81 | ||||
Jallalla La Paz | 501,633 | 8.80 | New | 4 | New | 331,564 | 7.24 | New | 6 | New | ||
Civic Community – Autonomies[a] | 394,191 | 6.92 | New | 2 | New | 325,584 | 7.11 | New | 2 | New | ||
Civic Community total | 6 | New | ||||||||||
Solidarity Civic Unity | 369,152 | 6.48 | +2.41 | 2 | +2 | 255,841 | 5.59 | +1.54 | 1 | +1 | ||
Third System Movement | 295,520 | 5.18 | New | 10 | New | 226,399 | 4.95 | New | 7 | New | ||
Súmate[b] | 292,444 | 5.13 | New | 1 | New | 252,079 | 5.51 | New | 1 | New | ||
Somos Pueblo[c] | 283,275 | 4.97 | New | 1 | New | 220,568 | 4.82 | New | 2 | New | ||
Social Democratic Movement | 114,477 | 2.01 | –6.88 | 5 | –19 | 109,281 | 2.39 | –6.79 | 3 | –20 | ||
Social Democratic Movement total | ||||||||||||
Creemos | 117,455 | 2.06 | New | 7 | New | 102,332 | 2.24 | New | 7 | New | ||
United for Tarija[d] | 116,885 | 2.05 | +0.34 | 3 | +1 | 90,132 | 1.97 | +0.36 | 3 | +1 | ||
Santa Cruz for Everyone | 88,651 | 1.56 | –5.1 | 0 | –1 | 77,874 | 1.70 | –4.95 | 0 | –1 | ||
Venceremos | 64,774 | 1.14 | New |
| style="text-align:right;" | | style="text-align:right;" | | style="text-align:right;" | | style="text-align:right;" | | style="text-align:right;" | | style="text-align:right;" | | style="text-align:right;" | | style="text-align:right;" | | style="text-align:right;" | | style="text-align:right;" |
Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|
MAS-IPSP | 1,888,994 | 33.14 | |
JALLALLA | 501,633 | 8.80 | |
CA[e] | 394,191 | 6.92 | |
UCS | 369,152 | 6.48 | |
MTS | 295,520 | 5.18 | |
MPS | 48,198 | 0.85 | |
UN | 25,134 | 0.44 | |
ADN | 89 | 0.00 | |
MDS | 114,477 | 2.01 | |
MNR | 11,965 | 0.21 | |
PDC | 53,386 | 0.94 | |
PP | 12,971 | 0.23 | |
CUMI | 338 | 0.01 | |
UNE? | 42,338 | 0.74 | |
CAOSAM | 806 | 0.01 | |
MACOJMA | 1,986 | 0.03 | |
SPT | 88,651 | 1.56 | |
AINI | 1,575 | 0.03 | |
APC | 12,501 | 0.22 | |
DECIDE | 928 | 0.02 | |
FIC | 2,753 | 0.05 | |
MIM | 366 | 0.01 | |
MYP | 720 | 0.01 | |
TS | 1,249 | 0.02 | |
VIDA | 238 | 0.00 | |
UVA | 149 | 0.00 | |
MOP | 19,565 | 0.34 | |
CAOTM | 953 | 0.02 | |
CAMPO | 1,552 | 0.03 | |
ARI | 2,322 | 0.04 | |
SOL | 28,540 | 0.50 | |
MT | 435 | 0.01 | |
PPS | 5,875 | 0.10 | |
SANJUANXXI | 1,433 | 0.03 | |
JESUCA | 1,998 | 0.04 | |
PC | 2,754 | 0.05 | |
MSP | 4,839 | 0.08 | |
MRP | 5,719 | 0.10 | |
PU | 576 | 0.01 | |
MIDELUR | 971 | 0.02 | |
NACER | 25,610 | 0.45 | |
ASP | 23,689 | 0.42 | |
TODOS Beni | 43,782 | 0.77 | |
AS | 61,805 | 1.08 | |
UNICO | 4,961 | 0.09 | |
TPT | 4,693 | 0.08 | |
ISA | 3,795 | 0.07 | |
SOL.BO | 29,184 | 0.51 | |
FE | 29,221 | 0.51 | |
GH | 483 | 0.01 | |
MATICO | 2,987 | 0.05 | |
VOCES | 19,958 | 0.35 | |
ASIP | 15,609 | 0.27 | |
SUMA | 121 | 0.00 | |
UNPA | 2,595 | 0.05 | |
SOMHOS | 599 | 0.01 | |
C2000 | 197 | 0.00 | |
CTC | 2,441 | 0.04 | |
MCP-NG | 1,172 | 0.02 | |
INCA-FS | 1,893 | 0.03 | |
T-INTI | 361 | 0.01 | |
AHORA! | 14,313 | 0.25 | |
AAOQ | 11,971 | 0.21 | |
CPEM-B | 7,439 | 0.13 | |
CREEMOS | 117,455 | 2.06 | |
PAN-BOL | 39,572 | 0.69 | |
Venceremos | 64,774 | 1.14 | |
MDA | 3,022 | 0.05 | |
UNEBENI | 6,320 | 0.11 | |
CAMBIEMOS | 14,637 | 0.26 | |
BSTH | 2,083 | 0.04 | |
UNIDOS | 85,088 | 1.49 | |
SOMOS | 13,077 | 0.23 | |
UNIDOSCBBA | 28,729 | 0.50 | |
SUMATE | 292,444 | 5.13 | |
PBCSP | 283,275 | 4.97 | |
FPV | 36,363 | 0.64 | |
UNIDOSTARIJA | 116,885 | 2.05 | |
UNSOLORURO | 54,300 | 0.95 | |
TPC | 536 | 0.01 | |
UNIR.BO | 3,578 | 0.06 | |
TCA | 886 | 0.02 | |
LEAL | 7,654 | 0.13 | |
CGJAP | 3,553 | 0.06 | |
CZM-APG | 814 | 0.01 | |
JAY | 1,014 | 0.02 | |
SCB | 1,248 | 0.02 | |
CAOCH | 1,073 | 0.02 | |
MCP | 42,818 | 0.75 | |
TPP | 2,552 | 0.04 | |
PSR | 1,093 | 0.02 | |
PST | 1,442 | 0.03 | |
CID | 11,694 | 0.21 | |
CST | 34,630 | 0.61 | |
R-2025 | 59,185 | 1.04 | |
CONACH-W | 1,446 | 0.03 | |
ML(MAR | 562 | 0.01 | |
MIARBOL | 613 | 0.01 | |
PARCA | 2,475 | 0.04 | |
NEGROS | 2,150 | 0.04 | |
CICOTI | 116 | 0.00 | |
MIASUNTA | 0 | 0.00 | |
SAM | 6,071 | 0.11 | |
BASTA | 2,032 | 0.04 | |
TPR | 3,765 | 0.07 | |
UNIR-VILLA | 660 | 0.01 | |
COM-TODOS | 43,559 | 0.76 | |
ADEPCOCA | 3,714 | 0.07 | |
APU | 1,747 | 0.03 | |
VPT | 3,662 | 0.06 | |
UPC | 4,499 | 0.08 | |
PUKA | 10,812 | 0.19 | |
PASO | 2,456 | 0.04 | |
PACHO | 1,366 | 0.02 | |
NED | 211 | 0.00 | |
MK-PC | 369 | 0.01 | |
MAYA C | 515 | 0.01 | |
BST | 18,319 | 0.32 | |
Total | 5,699,632 | 100.00 | |
Valid votes | 5,699,632 | 93.13 | |
Invalid/blank votes | 420,736 | 6.87 | |
Total votes | 6,120,368 | 100.00 |
References
editNotes
edit- ^ Coalition between Civic Community and Autonomies for Bolivia.
- ^ Coalition between
- ^ Coalition between the Social Democratic Movement and Suma Escoma.
- ^ Coalition between the Revolutinary Nationalist Movement and United to Renew.
- ^ Alliance CC and Autonomies for Bolivia (APB)
Footnotes
edit- ^ "TSE convoca a elecciones subnacionales para el 7 de marzo". ERBOL (in Spanish). La Paz. 10 November 2020. Archived from the original on 16 January 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
- ^ Corz, Carlos (14 December 2020). "El TSE amplía hasta el 28 plazo para registro de candidatos a las subnacionales". La Razón (in Spanish). La Paz. Archived from the original on 16 December 2020. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
- ^ Ascarrunz 2021, p. 263
Bibliography
edit- Ascarrunz, Julio (2021). Elecciones Subnacionales Bolivia 2021: Resultados en Clave de Representación Política (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 20. Lima: Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales. pp. 261–271. doi:10.53557/Elecciones.2021.v20n21. ISSN 1994-5272.
{{cite book}}
:|website=
ignored (help) - Fundación Friedrich Ebert (2022). Souverein, Jan; Exeni Rodríguez, José Luis (eds.). (Re)configuración del Campo Político en Bolivia: Balance y Horizontes del Ciclo Electoral 2020–2021 (PDF) (in Spanish) (1st ed.). La Paz: Plural Editores. ISBN 978-9917-605-32-4.
Category:2021 local elections in Bolivia
Category:Elections postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Heads of State of Peru (1821–1822) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Presidency | President | Party | Designation | Style[a] | Vice President | ||||
1 | 28 July 1821 – 20 September 1822 Resigned |
![]() |
José de San Martín (1778–1850) |
Military | Declaration of Independence |
Liberator (28 Jul. 1821) |
Non-existant 28 Jul.1821 – 18 Nov.1823 | ||
2 | Independent | Supreme Decree | Protector (3 Aug. 1821) [1] | ||||||
Briefly on 20 September 1821, the presidency was fulfilled by Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza.[b] | Elected by the Constituent Congress |
Constituent Congress | |||||||
4 | 20 September 1822 – 22 September 1822 End of mandate |
![]() |
Francisco Xavier de Luna Pizarro (1780–1855) |
Independent | Elected by the Constituent Congress |
Constituent Congress [3][4] | |||
5 | 22 September 1822 – 27 February 1823 Ousted by a coup d'état |
![]() |
José de la Mar (1778–1830) |
Independent | Elected by the Constituent Congress Government Junta Supreme Governmental Junta
|
Supreme Governmental Junta [5] | |||
6 | 27 February 1823 – 28 February 1823 End of mandate |
![]() |
José Bernardo de Tagle (1779–1825) |
Independent | Elected by the Constituent Congress |
Political and Military Supreme Chief | |||
7 | 28 February 1823 – 23 June 1863 |
![]() |
José de la Riva Agüero (1783–1858) |
Independent | Elected by the Constituent Congress |
President [6] | |||
Presidents of the Peruvian Republic (–1980) | |||||||||
Presidency | President | Party | Designation | Style[a] | Vice President | ||||
104 | 30 April 1933 – 8 December 1939 End of mandate |
![]() |
Óscar R. Benavides (1876–1945) |
Military | Elected by Congress | Constitutional [7] |
Ernesto Montagne Markholz (1º) | ||
Antonio Rodríguez Ramírez (2º) | |||||||||
105 | 8 December 1939 – 28 July 1945 End of term |
![]() |
Manuel Prado Ugarteche (1889–1967) |
National Concentration |
1939 general election | Constitutional | Rafael Larco Herrera (1º) | ||
Carlos D. Gibson (2º) | |||||||||
106 | 28 July 1945 – 27 October 1948[c] Ousted by a coup d'état |
![]() |
José Luis Bustamante y Rivero (1894–1989) |
National Democratic |
1945 general election | Constitutional | José Gálvez Barrenechea (1º) | ||
Eduardo Ganoza y Ganoza (2º) | |||||||||
107 | 27 October 1948[d] – 1 June 1950 Resigned |
![]() |
Manuel A. Odría (1896–1974) |
Military | Installed by a coup d'état | Revolutionary Movement (27 Oct. 1948) [8] |
Vacant throughout presidency | ||
Received command of the junta Government Junta Military Government Junta[9][e]
|
Government Junta (30 Oct. 1948) [10] | ||||||||
108 | 1 June 1950 – 28 July 1950 End of mandate |
![]() |
Zenón Noriega (1900–1957) |
Military | Succeeded to lead the junta
Government Junta Military Government Junta
|
Government Junta [11] |
Vacant throughout presidency | ||
109 | 28 July 1950 – 28 July 1956 End of term |
![]() |
Manuel A. Odría (1896–1974) |
Restorationist | 1950 general election | Constitutional | Héctor Boza (1º) | ||
Federico Bolognesi (2º) | |||||||||
110 | 28 July 1956 – 18 July 1962 Ousted by a coup d'état |
![]() |
Manuel Prado Ugarteche (1889–1967) |
Peruvian Democratic Movement |
1956 general election | Constitutional [12] |
Luis Gallo Porras (1º) | ||
Carlos Moreyra y Paz Soldán (2º) | |||||||||
111 | 18 July 1962 – 3 March 1963 Dismissed |
From 18–20 July 1962, the presidency was fulfilled by a junta.
Government Junta Government Junta: Joint Command of the Armed Forces
|
Installed by a coup d'état | Government Junta |
Vacant throughout mandate | ||||
![]() |
Ricardo Pérez Godoy (1905–1982) |
Military | Received command of the junta Government Junta Government Junta
|
Government Junta [13] |
Vacant throughout presidency | ||||
112 | 3 March 1963 – 28 July 1963 End of mandate |
![]() |
Nicolás Lindley López (1908–1995) |
Military | Succeeded to lead the junta
Government Junta Government Junta
|
Government Junta |
Vacant throughout presidency | ||
113 | 28 July 1963 – 3 October 1968 Ousted by a coup d'état |
![]() |
Fernando Belaúnde (1912–2002) |
Popular Action | 1963 general election | Constitutional | Edgardo Seoane (1º) | ||
Mario Polar Ugarteche (2º) | |||||||||
Briefly on 3 October 1968, the presidency was fulfilled by a junta.
|
Installed by a coup d'état | Revolutionary Junta |
Vacant throughout mandate | ||||||
114 | 3 October 1968 – 29 August 1975 Ousted by a coup d'état |
![]() |
Juan Velasco Alvarado (1910–1977) |
Military | Received command from the junta |
Revolutionary Government [14] |
Vacant throughout presidency | ||
From 29–30 August 1975, the presidency was fulfilled by a junta.
Government Junta Revolutionary Junta
|
Installed by a coup d'état | Revolutionary Junta |
Vacant throughout mandate | ||||||
115 | 30 August 1975 – 28 July 1980 End of mandate |
![]() |
Francisco Morales-Bermúdez (b. 1921) |
Military | Received command from the junta |
Revolutionary Government [15] |
Vacant throughout presidency | ||
Presidents of the Republic of Peru (1980–present) | |||||||||
Presidency | President | Party | Designation | Style[a] | Vice President | ||||
116 | 28 July 1980 – 28 July 1985 End of term |
![]() |
Fernando Belaúnde (1912–2002) |
Popular Action | 1980 general election | Constitutional [16] |
Fernando Schwalb (1º) | ||
Javier Alva Orlandini (2º) | |||||||||
117 | 28 July 1985 – 28 July 1990 End of term |
![]() |
Alan García (1949–2019) |
American Popular Revolutionary |
1985 general election | Constitutional | Luis Alberto Sánchez (1º) | ||
Luis Alva Castro (2º) | |||||||||
118 | 28 July 1990 – 21 November 2000 Resigned |
![]() |
Alberto Fujimori (b. 1938) |
Change 90 | 1990 general election | Constitutional (28 Jul. 1990) |
Máximo San Román (1º) | ||
Carlos García y García (2º) | |||||||||
119 | Installed by a self-coup | Emergency Government (5 Apr. 1992) |
Vacant through 28 Jul. 1995 | ||||||
Elected by the Democratic Constituent Congress |
Constitutional (9 Jan. 1993) | ||||||||
120 | 1995 general election | Constitutional (28 Jul. 1995) |
Ricardo Márquez Flores (1º) | ||||||
César Paredes Canto (2º) | |||||||||
121 | Peru 2000 | 2000 general election | Constitutional (28 Jul. 2000) [17] |
Francisco Tudela (1º) | |||||
Ricardo Márquez Flores (2º) | |||||||||
From 21–22 November 2000, the presidency was fulfilled by Ricardo Márquez Flores.[18] | Constitutional acting | ||||||||
122 | 22 November 2000 – 28 July 2001 End of mandate |
Valentín Paniagua (1936–2006) |
Popular Action | Constitutional succession (President of Congress) |
Constitutinal [19] |
Vacant throughout presidency | |||
123 | 28 July 2001 – 28 July 2006 End of term |
![]() |
Alejandro Toledo (b. 1946) |
Possible Peru | 2001 general election | Constitutional [20] |
Raúl Diez Canseco (1º) | ||
Vacant after 14 Dec. 2004 | |||||||||
David Waisman (2º) | |||||||||
124 | 28 July 2006 – 28 July 2011 End of term |
![]() |
Alan García (1949–2019) |
American Popular Revolutionary |
2006 general election | Constitutional [21] |
Luis Giampietri (1º) | ||
Lourdes Mendoza (2º) | |||||||||
125 | 28 July 2011 – 28 July 2016 End of term |
![]() |
Ollanta Humala (b. 1962) |
Peru Wins | 2011 general election | Constitutional [22] |
Marisol Espinoza (1º) | ||
Peruvian Nationalist |
Omar Chehade (2º) | ||||||||
Vacant after 31 Jan. 2012 | |||||||||
126 | 28 July 2016 – 23 March 2018 Resigned |
![]() |
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (b. 1938) |
Peruvians for Change |
2016 general election | Constitutional [23] |
Martín Vizcarra (1º) | ||
Mercedes Aráoz (2º) | |||||||||
127 | 23 March 2018 – 9 November 2020 Impeached |
![]() |
Martín Vizcarra (b. 1963) |
Independent | Constitutional succession (First Vice President) |
Constitutinal [24] | |||
Vacant after 7 May 2020 | |||||||||
Office vacant 9–10 November 2020. | |||||||||
128 | 10 November 2020 – 15 November 2020 Resigned |
![]() |
Manuel Merino (b. 1961) |
Popular Action | Constitutional succession (President of Congress) |
Constitutinal [25] |
Vacant throughout presidency | ||
Office vacant 15–17 November 2020. | |||||||||
129 | 17 November 2020 – 28 July 2021 End of mandate |
![]() |
Francisco Sagasti (b. 1944) |
Purple | Constitutional succession (President of Congress) |
Constitutinal [26] |
Vacant throughout presidency | ||
130 | 28 July 2021 – Incumbent |
![]() |
Pedro Castillo (b. 1969) |
Free Peru | 2021 general election | Constitutinal [27] |
Dina Boluarte (1º) | ||
Vacant throughout presidency [g] | |||||||||
Source: Congress of the Republic of Peru[29][30][31][32][33] |
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c Typically either "President of […]" or "[…] president". E.g. "President of the Junta" or "Constitutional President of the Republic".
- ^ Briefly assumed the presidency of Congress following the resignation of San Martín and prior to the election of the Congress' directive.[2]
- ^ Bustamante's term is considered to have been terminated on 27 October though his government continued for two more days after.
- ^ In dissidence in Arequipa until 29 October 1948.
- ^ The junta undergoes several modifications under Odría's mandate. Only the original composition is represented here.
- ^ a b The most senior among the generals exercises the functions of president of the republic; each of the following generals in seniority is also styled "president of the government junta", but with ministerial responsibilities only.
- ^ The second vice presidency remains vacant due to the disqualification of Vladimir Cerrón.[28]
Footnotes
edit- ^ "Decreto del General José de San Martín asumiendo el mando supremo político y militar, con el título de Protector". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: Congress of the Republic of Peru. 3 August 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Historia del Congreso de la República". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: Congress of the Republic of Peru. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
Una vez retirado San Martín de la sede del Congreso, los diputados eligieron como Presidente […] momentáneo[a, …] Toribio Rodríguez […]. En seguida, se procedió a realizar la elección de la primera Mesa Directiva del Congreso. Resultaron elegidos: Presidente, el Dr. Francisco Javier de Luna Pizarro […].
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Francisco Xavier de Luna Pizarro". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Congress of the Republic of Peru. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Presidentes del Congreso 1822–1850". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: Congress of the Republic of Peru. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "José Domingo de la Merced de la Mar y Cortázar". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: Congress of the Republic of Peru. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 28 de Febrero de 1823" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: Congress of the Republic of Peru. 28 February 1823. Retrieved 4 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley N° 7717" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 30 April 1933. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Mensaje a la Nación del Jefe del Movimiento Revolucionario, General de Brigada Manuel A. Odría" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Arequipa. 27 October 1948. p. 1–4. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitúyase la Junta Militar de Gobierno bajo la presidencia del General Manuel A. Odría" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 30 October 1948. pp. 5–6. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Ley N° 10889" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 2 November 1948. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Ley N° 11395" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 1 June 1950. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "El Peruano | 31 de julio de 1956" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 31 July 1956. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "El Peruano | 19 de julio de 1962" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 19 July 1962. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Ley N° 2 17064" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 3 October 1968. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Ley N° 21268" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 30 August 1975. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "El Peruano | 1 de julio de 1980" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 1 July 1980. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Resolución Nº 864-2000-JNE" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 4 July 2000. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Resolución Legislativa del Congreso N° 010-2000-CR" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 22 November 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
- ^ "Ley Nº 27375" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 4 December 2000. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Resolución Nº 504-2001-JNE" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 14 July 2001. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Resolución Nº 1175-2006-JNE" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 17 July 2006. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Resolución Nº 554-2011-JNE" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 25 July 2011. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Resolución Nº 1011-2016-JNE" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 1 July 2016. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Sesión Solemne del 23 de marzo de 2018" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 23 March 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Resolución del Congreso N° 001-2020-2021-CR" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 10 November 2020. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Resolución Legislativa del Congreso Nº 007-2020-2021-CR" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe/ (in Spanish). 15 November 2020. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Resolución Nº 0750-2021-JNE" (PDF). congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). 19 July 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "JNE declara improcedente candidatura Vladimir Cerrón" (in Spanish). Radio Cumbre. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
- ^ "Presidentes y Gobernantes de la República del Perú 1821–1850". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: Congress of the Republic of Peru. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
- ^ "Presidentes y Gobernantes de la República del Perú 1850–1900". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: Congress of the Republic of Peru. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; 12 January 2021 suggested (help) - ^ "Presidentes y Gobernantes de la República del Perú 1900–1950". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: Congress of the Republic of Peru. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; 12 January 2021 suggested (help) - ^ "Presidentes y Gobernantes de la República del Perú 1950–2000". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: Congress of the Republic of Peru. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; 12 January 2021 suggested (help) - ^ "Presidentes y Gobernantes de la República del Perú 2000–2021". congreso.gob.pe (in Spanish). Lima: [[Congress of the Republic of Peru]. Archived from the original on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; 12 January 2021 suggested (help)
Major mayoral elections
editCochabamba
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Nine political parties presented candidates for Mayor of Cochabamba.[1]
On 9 December 2020, the political party Join (Súmate) was created to present candidates for the regional elections in the Cochabamba Department. It was led by Manfred Reyes Villa, a two time presidential candidate in 2002 and 2009, former Prefect (predecessor to governor) of the Cochabamba Department, and former Mayor of Cochabamba city. He was presented as the party's mayoral candidate in hopes of returning to the office he held from 1994 to 2000. Súmate received the support of Nationalist Democratic Action and the New Republican Force as well as the citizen's group Total Renovation (Renovación Total, Reto).[2]
However, on 18 January 2021, the Departmental Electoral Tribunal (TED) disqualified Reyes Villa's candidacy due a debt of 2,372 Bolivianos to the State. According to the President of the Cochabamba Departmental Electoral Court, Humberto Valenzuela, pending accounts with the State are cause for the disqualification of any candidate, regardless of whether they pay it later.[3] The decision was questioned by Súmate spokesperson Mauricio Muñoz who stated that there was a "black hand in this TED resolution that seeks to harm Cochabamba and [Reyes Villa]."[4] He had been leading in the polls throughout the campaign season.[1]
On 24 February, Súmate announced that 50% of the debt had been payed and that a payment plan for the remaining half had been requested. On 26 February, it was announced that the remaining half had also been payed and that thus "there is no reason or excuse" to maintain the TED's decision.[5] Despite this, the Supreme Electoral Tribunal (TSE) upheld Reyes Villa's disqualification under the pretence that Súmate had not formally documented the payment of all debts before the TSE on the date of issuance of the resolution.[6]
The decision to uphold the disqualification was met by protests by supporters of Reyes Villa as well as other members of the opposition. CC leader Carlos Mesa called it "an electoral plot of the MAS" while Luis Fernando Camacho stated that it was a "desperate maneuver" to keep the top opposition candidate out of contention just nine days before the election. Former president Jorge Quiroga alleged that the TSE's decision was made "under pressure from the MAS."[5]
On 2 March, the TSE met to discuss an appeal to reauthorize Reyes Villa's candidacy.[7] The following day in a 4 to 2 ruling, the TSE decided to reverse the decision and Reyes Villa was qualified a candidate five days before the elections.[8] Reyes Villa stated that "justice has been done thanks to God" but regretted that the decision had "kept Cochabamba in suspense."[9]
Results
editFollowing his requalification, Manfred Reyes Villa won the mayoral election by 55.63% defeating the MAS candidate Nelson Cox who gained 29.69%. On 12 March, Reyes Villa sent a letter to the TSE requesting that all authorities elected in the first round take office sooner than the stated date of 3 May in order to not "delay the start of the new municipal governments."[10]
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Manfred Reyes Villa | Join | 240,769 | 55.63 | |
Nelson Cox | Movement for Socialism | 128,495 | 29.69 | |
Sergio Rodríguez | Third System Movement | 36,790 | 8.50 | |
Roberto Perrogón | Solidarity Civic Unity | 17,482 | 4.04 | |
Jhonny Antezana | Civic Community - Autonomies for Bolivia | 4,089 | 0.94 | |
Pedro Pio Luna | We are Renovation (Democrats) | 2,366 | 0.55 | |
César Salinas | Front for Victory | 1,349 | 0.31 | |
César Navia | Christian Democratic Party | 751 | 0.17 | |
David Torrelio | Bolivian National Action Party | 702 | 0.16 | |
Total | 432,793 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 432,793 | 96.25 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 16,882 | 3.75 | ||
Total votes | 449,675 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 522,746 | 86.02 | ||
Source: Plurinational Electoral Organ[11] |
Sucre
editTen political parties presented candidates for Mayor of Sucre.
[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Enrique Leaño | Movement for Socialism | 57,506 | 33.26 | |
Horacio Poppe | Republic 2025 | 57,205 | 33.09 | |
Gustavo Pereira | Civic Community - Autonomies for Bolivia | 18,830 | 10.89 | |
Delfín Ustárez | We are all Chuquisaca | 17,738 | 10.26 | |
Álvaro Ríos | United for the New Chuquisaca | 12,473 | 7.21 | |
Reynaldo Zambrana | Bolivian National Action Party | 2,745 | 1.59 | |
Gabriela Ordóñez[a] | Revolutionary Nationalist Movement | 2,529 | 1.46 | |
Claudia Flores | National Unity Front | 2,276 | 1.32 | |
Luis Arandia | Front for Victory | 1,278 | 0.74 | |
Juana Maldonado | Third System Movement | 306 | 0.18 | |
Total | 172,886 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 172,886 | 90.90 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 17,304 | 9.10 | ||
Total votes | 190,190 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 224,216 | 84.82 | ||
Source: Plurinational Electoral Organ[5] |
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pedro Gutiérrez Vidaurre | Movement for Socialism | 46,251 | 40.03 | |
Riony Villarroel Ledezma | Third System Movement | 29,947 | 25.92 | |
Óscar Edwin Angulo Ortuño | Súmate | 16,287 | 14.10 | |
Willy Pozo Jiménez | Front for Victory | 9,246 | 8.00 | |
Ángel Nava Guzmán | United for Cochabamba | 7,955 | 6.88 | |
Claudia Verónica Baptista Gumiel | We are Renovation (MDS) | 2,300 | 1.99 | |
Jesús David Orellana Flores | Civic Community - Autonomies for Bolivia | 1,835 | 1.59 | |
Julio César Ricaldes Miranda | Solidarity Civic Unity | 1,726 | 1.49 | |
Rafael Hugo Rojas Oliva | Bolivian National Action Party | 0 | 0.00 | |
Total | 115,547 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 115,547 | 93.39 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 8,174 | 6.61 | ||
Total votes | 123,721 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 143,048 | 86.49 | ||
Source: Plurinational Electoral Organ[5] |
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Héctor Cartagena Chacón | National Unity of Hope | 33,819 | 35.82 | |
Antonio Héctor Villarroel Foronda | Movement for Socialism | 33,006 | 34.96 | |
Selier Cirilo Quispe Laura | Súmate | 6,826 | 7.23 | |
Victoria Lizeth Beramendi Orellana | United for Cochabamba | 6,212 | 6.58 | |
Jorge Raúl Obando Stemberg | Solidarity Civic Unity | 4,668 | 4.94 | |
Julio Edgar Flores Canedo | We are Renovation (MDS) | 4,057 | 4.30 | |
Mery Beatriz Canedo Olguín | Third System Movement | 3,798 | 4.02 | |
Willians Roger Breton Mercado | Christian Democratic Party | 2,036 | 2.16 | |
Eddy Peñaloza Tapia | Front for Victory | 0 | 0.00 | |
Jonathan Ángelo Sandoval Solares | Bolivian National Action Party | 0 | 0.00 | |
Total | 94,422 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 94,422 | 92.82 | ||
Invalid/blank votes | 7,303 | 7.18 | ||
Total votes | 101,725 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 119,061 | 85.44 | ||
Source: Plurinational Electoral Organ[5] |
12 November
editPagina Siete:[21][22][23][24][25][26][27]
13 November
editPagina Siete: [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]
14 November
editPagina Siete: [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]
15 November
editPagina Siete: [56][57][58][59][60][61]
17 November
editPagina Siete: [62][63][64][65]
19 November
editPagina Siete: [66]
20 November
editPagina Siete: [67]
22 November
editPagina Siete: [68]
Cabinet
editPagina Siete:[69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114]
Anti-Añez protests
editPagina Siete: [115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122]
Senkata
editPagina Siete: [123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138]
Sacaba
editPagina Siete: [139][140][141][142][143][5][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155]
El Alto
editPagina Siete: [156][157][158][159][5][160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169]
Cochabamba
editPagina Siete: [170][171][172][153][173][174][175]
Supreme Decree 4078
editPagina Siete: [176][177][178][179][180][181][182][183]
Senkata and Sacaba responsibilities
editPagina Siete: [184]
Domestic policy
editPagina Siete: [185]
Political detentions and releases
editEvo Morales
editDetentions
editPagina Siete: [189][190][191][192][1][193][194][195][196][197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205]
Releases
editPagina Siete: [206][207][208][209]
Journalism
editPagina Siete: [210][211][212][213][214][215]
Elections
editPagina Siete: [216][217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228][229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236][237][238][239][240][241]
Áñez presents candidacy
editÁñez withdraws
editForeign policy
editRecognition
editPagina Siete:[244][245][246][247][248][249][250][251][252][253][254]
OAS
editPagina Siete: [255]
International recognition:
editPagina Siete: [256][257][258][259]
Mexico
editPagina Siete: [260][261][262][263][264][265][266]
Cuba
editPagina Siete: [267][268][269][270][271][272][273]
Venezuela
editPagina Siete: [1][274][275][276][277][278][279]
United States
editMisc
editUnrelated but useful in other articles:
2019 crisis:
editPagina Siete:[283][284][285][286]
Evo Morales
editLuis Fernando Camacho[292][293][294][295]
Notes
edit- ^ Withdrew on 23 February.
References
edit- ^ a b c d Bolivia, Opinión. "Encuesta: Manfred es ganador absoluto y domina en el Concejo". Opinión Bolivia (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 March 2021. Cite error: The named reference ":0" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ Bolivia, Opinión. "Reyes Villa lanza Súmate, un proyecto político regional para comicios subnacionales". Opinión Bolivia (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ Bolivia, Opinión. "Manfred Reyes Villa es inhabilitado como candidato a alcalde; Súmate ve 'mano negra'". Opinión Bolivia (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ "TED Cochabamba inhabilita candidatura de Manfred Reyes Villa". La Razón | Noticias de Bolivia y el Mundo. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g "TSE inhabilita a Manfred y éste anuncia un recurso de revisión". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 March 2021. Cite error: The named reference ":1" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ "El TSE inhabilita a Manfred Reyes Villa por no acreditar pago de deuda de Bs 2,3 millones con el Estado". La Razón | Noticias de Bolivia y el Mundo. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ "El TSE trata recurso de revisión de inhabilitación de Manfred Reyes Villa". La Razón | Noticias de Bolivia y el Mundo. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ "Manfred es habilitado por el TSE como candidato a la Alcaldía de Cochabamba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ Bolivia, Opinión. "TSE habilita a Reyes Villa como candidato a la Alcaldía de Cochabamba". Opinión Bolivia (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ "Reyes Villa pide al TSE posesionar a las nuevas autoridades a fin de mes". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). 16 March 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:30
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Dos candidatos inhabilitados y un sustituido en la carrera por la Alcaldía de Sucre y la Gobernación". Correo del Sur (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "MTS inscribe a Juana Maldonado como candidata a la Alcaldía de Sucre". Correo del Sur (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "Nueve candidatos confirmados a la Alcaldía de Sucre y otros nueve, a la Gobernación". Correo del Sur (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "Gabriela Ordóñez del MNR retira su candidatura a la Alcaldía de Sucre". Correo del Sur (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "Termina el cómputo: Leaño gana la Alcaldía de Sucre con 57.506 votos". Correo del Sur (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "Enrique Leaño, del MAS, gana la Alcaldía de Sucre". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ "Horacio Poppe no reconoce el triunfo de Leaño y lo tilda de "trucho"". Correo del Sur (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 March 2021.
- ^ Bolivia, Opinión. "Hay nueve candidatos para Alcaldía de Sacaba y 10 para Quillacollo". Opinión Bolivia (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 March 2021.
- ^ Bolivia, Opinión. "Héctor Cartagena de Unidad Nacional de Esperanza (UNE) es el nuevo alcalde de Quillacollo". Opinión Bolivia (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 March 2021.
- ^ "Añez instruye que la Whipala se mantenga al lado de la Tricolor". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El Alto pide desagravio a la wiphala y desconoce a Áñez". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Núñez dice que hay que extremar esfuerzos por la transición". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "En medio de alegría, Beni espera a la presidenta Áñez para festejar su aniversario". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Brasil reconoce a Áñez como presidenta". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Dirigentes del MAS: Áñez es la Juan Guaidó de Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Murillo exige cárcel para Quintana y pide buscarlo por cielo y tierra". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Áñez en CNN: "Evo Morales es un estafador de la democracia"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "FFAA y Policía Boliviana se cuadran ante la nueva Presidenta". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cívicos de Santa Cruz y Potosí, y médicos del país levantan el paro". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Áñez señala que Evo se fue porque "no se atrevía a responderle al país"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Camacho: Se ha pedido a Áñez que "anule todos los juicios a los presos y perseguidos políticos"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Familia de Áñez: "demostró su valentía y temple"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez llama a la pacificación: "No aceptaré otra salida que no sean las elecciones democráticas"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Alteños piden la renuncia de Áñez en medio de enfrentamientos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Adriana Salvatierra intenta ingresar a plaza Murillo y dice que no renunció a su curul". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Orellana, nuevo Comandante de las FFAA, pide deponer actitudes intransigentes". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Constitucionalista: Si se recompone la directiva del Senado, ello no afecta la sucesión que se produjo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Constitucionalistas: Salvatierra no puede reclamar la Presidencia de Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Áñez cosecha respaldo de Guaidó, Londres y EEUU y odios de Maduro, CFK y Lula". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Desde México, en la Asamblea y en las calles, el MAS presiona para recuperar el poder". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "24 vándalos son enviados a la cárcel y otros 30 son capturados". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cinco países reconocen a Áñez como presidenta de Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Kaliman afirma que las FFAA salieron a las calles porque la Policía lo pidió". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ortiz convoca al MAS a la mesa del diálogo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Kaliman en su despedida, del proceso cambio a la patria". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno se reunirá con empresarios para asegurar la provisión de alimentos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Empresarios respaldan a Áñez y piden seguridad en el país". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "¿Cómo fue el primer día completo de gobierno de Jeanine Añez?". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Mesa: Tenemos gobierno constitucional para llenar vacío de poder". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Jeanine Áñez: "Un exiliado no tiene el derecho de hacer manifestaciones públicas"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez advierte al MAS, quieran o no se elegirá el TSE y dice que Evo no puede ser candidato". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Crisis y transición en Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cocaleros de Chapare denuncian "dictadura" militar e "injerencia de la DEA"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Chapetón pide al nuevo gobierno "orden" y "paz" para El Alto". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Mediadores abren el diálogo entre el Gobierno de Jeanine Áñez y el MAS". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Expertos: Pactos y decreto, salidas de Áñez para gobernar y llamar a comicios". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez: Si Evo vuelve, que vuelva pero él sabe también que tiene que responder a la justicia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "De la renuncia de Evo al juramento del gabinete de Añez, así se transformó Cambio". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno advierte a periodistas que alienten actos de sedición". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El MAS exige al Gobierno salvoconductos a cambio de desmovilizar a sus sectores". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "La historia no contada de la salida de Evo Morales y la sucesión de Áñez". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cocaleros del Chapare dan ultimátum a Jeanine Añez: Tiene 48 horas para renunciar". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "UE gestiona un espacio de diálogo para hallar una solución a la crisis política en Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "De la Cruz advierte con rebelión si vuelve Goni". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Fracasa el diálogo para pacificar el país por la ausencia de delegados del MAS". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Camacho pide a Añez aclarar sobre la "susceptibilidad" de alargar el mandato a seis meses". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Bolivia encuentra salida a la crisis, pero a un alto costo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "La presidenta Jeanine Áñez ya tiene su gabinete". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "José Luis Parada es el nuevo ministro de Economía". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cinco ministros de Evo aún no dejan el cargo, a minutos de posesionar un nuevo gabinetes". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Fernando López Julio se hace cargo del Ministerio de Defensa". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Murillo, de hotelero y parlamentario a dirigir el Ministerio de Gobierno". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Samuel Ordoñez Castillo deja el Senasag y asume en Desarrollo Rural". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Álvaro Coimbra Cornejo, de diputado a Ministro de Justicia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Jerjes Justiniano Atalá es el ministro de la Presidencia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Lizárraga, del periodismo al ministerio de Comunicación". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Longaric, la nueva jefa de la diplomacia nacional". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Pincker es la nueva ministra de Medio Ambiente y Aguas". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Áñez juramenta a 11 ministros, promete "reconciliación" y respeto absoluto al orden constitucional". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ordoñez trabajará de la mano de las organizaciones sociales y empresarios". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Lizárraga ya tiene la carta de despido de los guerreros digitales". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Arias: "Se necesitaba posesionar un gabinete de emergencia"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Del Granado: "Es una señal importante de que se restablece la gobernabilidad"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Murillo a Quintana y Raúl García Linera: Que empiecen a correr porque los vamos a agarrar". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Jura un gabinete duro y de emergencia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Rodolfo Montero Torricos jura como nuevo comandante de la Policía". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Áñez toma juramento a cinco nuevos ministros de su gabinete". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "La alteña Martha Yujra es la nueva ministra de Culturas". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Montaño renuncia al cargo de Ministra de Salud". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Aníbal Cruz, expresidente del Colegio Médico, ahora es ministro de Salud". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El tarijeño Víctor Hugo Zamora se hace cargo de Hidrocarburos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Empresario cruceño, es el nuevo titular de Desarrollo Productivo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Milton Navarro, de la ingeniería civil al ministerio de Deporte". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "La residente de El Alto, Martha Yujra es la nueva ministra de Culturas". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Mónica Eva Copa Murga asume la presidencia de la Cámara de Senadores". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Una alteña indígena entra en el gabinete de la presidenta Áñez". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Zamora: Rotura de gasoducto fue "terrorismo de grupos armados"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Carlos Melchor Díaz Villavicencio es el nuevo ministro de Planificación". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ministro de Justicia posesiona a tres viceministros". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Rescatan a la familia secuestrada del ministro Murillo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Virginia Patty y Carlos Huallpa se suman al gabinete de Añez". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Un cooperativista de Potosí asume el Ministerio de Minería". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Romero, Zegada y Villegas, entre los que se perfilan para vocales del TSE". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Paul Franco es el nuevo presidente del Tribunal Constitucional, ante la renuncia de Flores". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez designa a Salvador Romero Ballivián como vocal del TSE". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "¿Quién es Salvador Romero, el hombre designado por Añez como vocal del TSE?". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Yerko Núñez reemplaza a Justiniano en la Presidencia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Jerjes es destituido tras denuncias por presunta injerencia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cae Justiniano y Añez posesiona a 2 nuevos ministros de Estado". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Nuevos ministros con la misión de investigar y hacer gestión". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Jerjes revela que Añez no quiso reunirse con él ni respondió sus llamadas". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Justiniano atribuye su destitución a que Añez buscará la presidencia en nuevas elecciones". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ ""Yo le incomodaba a Añez, creo que ella quiere ser candidata"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cocaleros dan ultimátum a Añez para que renuncie". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Murillo dice que tiene mano de hierro y que no se la doblarán, informó que baja la tensión". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Murillo denuncia que grupos de extranjeros quieren matar a Añez". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Inicia el dialogo entre el Gobierno, la COB y los Interculturales". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno y sectores sociales acuerdan repliegue de militares y pausa en las movilizaciones". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ministerio de Gobierno, COB, y el Pacto de Unidad firman convenio para pacificar el país". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "COB y Pacto de Unidad firman acuerdo con el Gobierno". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez: Estamos en la fase final del proceso de pacificación". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ministra de Culturas Martha Yujra dice que irá personalmente a pacificar El Alto". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Escasean carburantes en La Paz y El Alto por conflictos en Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "En Senkata bloquean con zanjas y carburantes escasean en La Paz". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Grupos del MAS rodean la planta de Senkata y militares cuidan por dentro". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Operativo en Senkata termina con tres fallecidos y decenas de heridos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Vecinos alteños denuncian que militares no los dejaban trasladar a los heridos de Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Fiscalía de La Paz oficializa la muerte de tres personas en los enfrentamientos en Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ministro de Defensa: El Ejército no disparó ningún proyectil en Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "IDIF confirma ocho muertes en Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Fiscalía imputa por terrorismo a presuntos autores del derribo en Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Yujra dice que se está llegando al colapso y llama a deponer acciones violentas en Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Llanto y pedidos de justicia en el velorio de los caídos en Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Suman 8 los muertos de Senkata y 7 detenidos van a la cárcel por atentado". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez lamenta muertes en Senkata y llama al diálogo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Levantan el bloqueo en Senkata y se reanuda la venta de carburantes". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Fallece la décima víctima de los conflictos registrados en Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Pese a militarización, cocaleros y campesinos entraron a Sacaba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cinco fallecidos y decenas de heridos producto de enfrentamientos en Sacaba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno confirma 5 decesos en Sacaba y anuncia diálogo con mediación de la ONU". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Defensoría pide investigación inmediata por las muertes en Sacaba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Defensoría confirma la muerte de 8 personas en Sacaba y reporta 115 heridos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Murillo dice que disparos salieron de manifestantes en Sacaba y que no hubo orden para lanzar tiros". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Evo: "Comportamiento de policías obliga a que el pueblo se arme"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Fuego cruzado entre cocaleros y FFAA deja al menos seis muertos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Autopsias confirman que muertes en Sacaba fueron por disparos de arma de fuego". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Justiniano sobre decreto de las FFAA: "No es una licencia para matar, es un elemento disuasivo"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno niega uso de armas en Sacaba, suman los muertos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Sacaba se declara emergencia ante "invasión" de cocaleros". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "España apoya una "investigación independiente" de las muertes en Sacaba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Fiscal dice que cocaleros murieron en Sacaba por proyectiles de "armas largas"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ a b "Enfrentamientos en Sacaba y marchas cercan Cochabamba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Conade pide investigar muertes y recomienda respetar los DDHH". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Choques en Sacaba cercan a Cochabamba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Arrestan a 109 manifestantes de El Alto por actos violentos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Vecinos de El Alto se rebelan y convocan a cabildo para que no los obliguen a bloquear". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Protestantes alteños toman de rehenes a dos policías". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El Alto cumple su quinto día de movilizaciones entre división y debilitamiento". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Caravana de vecinos del El Alto pide paz". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El Alto, entre acogida a militares y debilitamiento en filas del MAS". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Policía busca acercamiento con vecinos de El Alto para detener bloqueos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Llegan 60 toneladas de carne por puente aéreo que habilitó el Gobierno para paliar escasez en La Paz y El Alto". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "La Policía regional restablece servicios en El Alto". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El Alto, el bastión de Evo Morales que comienza a distanciarse del ex presidente". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El Alto anuncia que radicalizará medidas frente a muertes en Senkata". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Entre la indignación y el luto velan a los fallecidos en El Alto". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El Alto se abre al diálogo y vecinos inician desbloqueos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno acepta 8 de las 9 demandas de El Alto y campesinos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Segundo día de enfrentamientos en Cochabamba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "En Cochabamba, marcha masiva en contra de Añez y la violencia en Sacaba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Crece la tensión en Cochabamba por nuevos enfrentamientos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cabildo en Cochabamba resuelve paro indefinido contra Añez y no contempla retorno de Evo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Militares se repliegan de las calles de Cochabamba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Sectores del MAS comienzan a levantar bloqueos en Cochabamba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Un decreto avala acción de las FFAA "en legítima defensa", por violencia en el conflicto". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Bolivia: Decreto Supremo Nº 4078, 15 de noviembre de 2019". www.lexivox.org. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "MAS anuncia recurso contra Decreto Supremo que exime a militares de responsabilidad penal". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Decreto autoriza a militares a responder ataques armados". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Pactan ley de garantías políticas y Gobierno se abre a modificar Decreto 4078". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ministro de la Presidencia aclara que proyecto de ley para la pacificación del país no contempla la "impunidad"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez abroga el DS 4078 tras lograr la pacificación del país". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez abroga polémico decreto luego de la pacificación del país". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Comisión de DDHH de Diputados responsabiliza a gobierno de Añez por muertes de ciudadanos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "21 días de gobierno de Jeanine Añez entre luces y sombras". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Murillo anuncia demanda internacional contra Evo por crímenes de lesa humanidad". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Enjuician a Evo por terrorismo y el fiscal prevé interrogarlo en México". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno denuncia a autoridades y dirigentes del MAS por diferentes delitos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Dictan detención preventiva para la exvocal designada por Evo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Presidente del TED de Oruro es enviado a la cárcel con detención preventiva". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Murillo en CNN anunció captura de cuatro venezolanos con armamento en Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Apresan a vocal del TSE y al presidente del TED de Oruro". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Vocal del TED La Paz tiene detención domiciliaria". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ministro de Gobierno: "Vamos a seguir deteniendo a la gente que está hostigando"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Evaliz solicita asilo en México; ministros, funcionarios del OEP y Agetic buscan el mismo beneficio". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El Gobierno apunta a Quintana por la violencia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "La Asunta: 2 cocaleros reciben arresto domiciliario". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cancillería autoriza salvoconducto para Evaliz y exasambleísta Poñe". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Policía aprehende al vicepresidente del MAS". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ordenan la aprehensión de la exministra Wilma Alanoca". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Aprehenden a Esteban Urquizu, gobernador de Chuquisaca". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gerardo García, vice del MAS, es detenido preventivamente en San Pedro". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Aprehenden a Delfín Álvarez, tercer vocal del Tribunal Electoral de Cochabamba". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Emiten orden de aprehensión contra Juan Ramón Quintana". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "¿Quiénes son los exfuncionarios asilados que tienen orden de captura?". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Tras 15 meses, Franclin obtiene su libertad y culpa a Evo de su encierro". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "4 procesados políticos de Evo luchan por obtener su libertad". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Leyes sale de la cárcel y llama a la pacificación". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Justicia libera a albañil potosino aprehendido por gritar "Bolivia dijo no" a Evo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "ANPB rechaza amenazas de Lizárraga de procesar a periodistas". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Periodistas critican a Ministra de Comunicación por amenaza". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El periódico Cambio cambió, ahora se llama Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Activista Silvia Rivera anuncia juicio contra ministra Roxana Lizárraga". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Medios estatales cambian de directores, imagen y contenido". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Lizárraga afirma que fue "desmontado" equipo de propaganda de Evo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez plantea elecciones transparentes con personalidades sin afinidad política". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "UE espera convocatoria inmediata a elecciones y "esta vez sí transparentes y creíbles"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "OEA se compromete a apoyar el próximo proceso electoral". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Evo: "Aún no tenemos definido un candidato, pero el MAS va a ir a las elecciones"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Asambleístas del MAS piden replegarse a sus bases y trabajar para una nueva elección". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Legislativo convoca a sesión el martes para tratar la convocatoria a nuevas elecciones". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "La Unión Europea ofrece ayuda para el proceso electoral". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "UE ofrece cooperación para celebrar lo antes posible elecciones transparentes". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El MNR pide deponer la actitud de confrontación". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ahora, Evo anuncia que retira su candidatura y pide concluir su mandato". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Camacho emplaza a Jeanine Añez a que convoque elecciones hasta el 19 de enero". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ejecutivo baraja como "última opción" convocar a elecciones mediante decreto". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez plantea 15 días para elegir a vocales y OEA pide convocar "urgente " a comicios". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "La OEA plantea que el nuevo TSE defina fecha de comicios". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cinco sectores retiran apoyo a Evo y piden nuevos comicios". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Camacho da plazo hasta el martes para presentación de ley que convoque a elecciones". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Óscar Ortiz: "Con esta ley se anulan las elecciones fraudulentas del 20 de octubre"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez y sectores inician diálogo con miras a elecciones sin Evo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Analistas y líderes políticos destacan la promulgación de la Ley para convocar a nuevas elecciones". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Bolivia irá a las urnas en máximo 120 días después de emitida la convocatoria a comicios". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Asamblea aprueba comicios sin Evo Morales y Añez la promulga hoy". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Plantean ampliación de mandato de Añez por nuevas elecciones". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Añez: "No me corresponde hablar de ampliación de mandato"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Jeanine Añez: "Romero se convertirá en un garante de la limpieza del proceso electoral"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Salvador Romero: No se puede realizar una elección en menos de 120 días". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Salvador Romero: "120 días es un tiempo muy ajustado, sin embargo es suficiente"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cuatro organizaciones formalizan la alianza JUNTOS que postulará a Añez". Erbol (in Spanish). 24 January 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ Bolivia, Opinión. "La alianza Juntos se disuelve y anula aspiraciones de más de 300 candidatos". Opinión Bolivia (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Longaric: Los embajadores políticos han sido cesados". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Ministra Longaric cesará de sus funciones a Llorenti". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno retira a Bolivia del ALBA y cesa al 80% de los embajadores designados por Evo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno cesa a 80% de embajadores "políticos" de Evo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno tiene legitimidad para reconducir la política exterior". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Jeanine Áñez se reúne con representantes de la OEA". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Canciller Longaric: todos los embajadores designados por el Gobierno de MAS fueron cesados". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Estos son los diplomáticos que participaron del saludo protocolar a la Presidenta". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "23 embajadores y 15 delegados saludaron a la presidenta Añez". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Naciones Unidas presenta un acuerdo de Construcción de Paz en Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Brasil espera respuesta de Bolivia sobre presencia de Áñez en Cumbre Mercosur". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Áñez designa a Jaime Aparicio como embajador de Bolivia ante la OEA". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "EEUU reconoce a Jeanine Áñez como presidenta transitoria de Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Reino Unido felicita a Áñez por asumir la presidencia de Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Rusia reconoce a Jeanine Áñez como "nueva líder" de Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Siete países reconocen a Jeanine Áñez y la UE apoya la transición". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno anuncia representación ante Embajada de México por declaraciones políticas de Evo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "México aún valora si reconocerá el Gobierno de Añez". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cancillería presenta protesta contra México por desconocer principios de asilo político". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Tensión entre Bolivia y México por las declaraciones de Evo". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "México pide 25 salvoconductos para exautoridades del MAS". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cancillería informará a México sobre órdenes de aprehensión contra exautoridades". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Entregan órdenes de aprehensión de Quintana y Alanoca a embajadora de México". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cuba retirará del país a 725 cubanos y se alista cese de funcionarios venezolanos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Policía libera a la Brigada médica de Cuba en La Paz, después de ser interrogados". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Primeros 725 cubanos se van de Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "725 cubanos se van, en salud serán cubiertos por bolivianos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Allanan tres casas de cubanos fortificadas, una con un búnker". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Se van de Bolivia los primeros 226 médicos cubanos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "EEUU elogia a Bolivia por la expulsión de cubanos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Bolivia rompe relaciones con Gobierno de Maduro y plantea salida de la Unasur". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Detienen a 9 venezolanos con armas en Beni y continúan los ataques terroristas". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Bolivia rompe relaciones con Venezuela y corta con el ALBA". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Áñez a Juan Guaidó: "Espero que libere al pueblo venezolano"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Cancillería de Venezuela expresa molestia por la revisión a sus diplomáticos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Longaric: Los próximos días se formalizará la ruptura con el régimen de Maduro". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Longaric designa a Walter Serrate como embajador en EEUU y restablece relaciones". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Bolivia restablece relaciones con EEUU y nombra embajador". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Para Estados Unidos, Serrate es el encargado de negocios". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "¿Hubo Golpe de Estado en Bolivia?". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Evo intentó impedir que la OEA haga público el informe del fraude". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Evo en CNN advierte que las protestas seguirán hasta que salga la presidenta". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "El MAS dividido: un bloque pide retorno de Evo y otro, transición". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Evo recibirá casi $us 10 mil al mes de diputados mexicanos". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Evo Morales: Tengo mucho miedo a una guerra civil en Bolivia". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Para Lula, fue un error de Evo buscar otro mandato". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "¿Andrónico, candidato a la presidencia?". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "García Linera: "Sigo siendo Vicepresidente, solo que ahora en el exilio"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Camacho vulneró tres artículos del estatuto cívico al incursionar en política". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Camacho renuncia a la presidencia del Comité pro Santa Cruz". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Luis Fernando Camacho firma un acuerdo preliminar con el MNR". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Camacho afirma que busca un "frente único" y sella alianzas". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Gobierno dará salvoconducto a Luis Arce Catacora y su esposa". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Delegan a Tuto para denunciar violación a DDHH y negar golpe". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Tuto Quiroga irá a México y explicará que en Bolivia "no hubo golpe"". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "Paz Zamora pide que no haya más reelecciones". www.paginasiete.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 May 2021.
External links
edit
Category:1967 births Category:Living people Category:21st-century Bolivian women politicians Category:21st-century Bolivian politicians Category:Bolivian Protestants Category:Bolivian prisoners and detainees Category:Female heads of government Category:Members of the Senate of Bolivia Category:People from Mamoré Province Category:Presidents of Bolivia Category:Prisoners and detainees of Bolivia Category:Women members of the Senate of Bolivia Category:Women presidents
N° | Portfolio | Minister | Party | Prof. | Took office | Left office | Term | President(s) | Ref. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Secretary of Government and Finance |
Facundo Infante | Ind. | Mil. | 13 January 1826 | 19 June 1826 | 932 | Sucre (I • II) |
[1][2][a] | ||
Minister of the Interior and Foreign Affairs |
19 June 1826 | 2 August 1828 | [3] | ||||||||
2 | Mariano Enrique Calvo | Ind. | Law. | 2 August 1828 | 12 August 1828 | 10 | Velasco (I) |
[4][5][b] | |||
3 | Casimiro Olañeta | Ind. | Law. | 12 August 1828 | 26 December 1828 | 136 | [6] | ||||
4 | Severo Malavia | Ind. | Law. | 26 December 1828 | 1 January 1829 | 6 | Blanco (I) |
[7] | |||
5 | Mariano del Callejo | Ind. | Law. | 1 January 1829 | 24 May 1829 | 143 | Velasco (II) |
[8] | |||
– | Minister General[c] | José María de Lara | Ind. | Eco. | 24 May 1829 | 3 July 1829 | 40 | Santa Cruz (I) |
[10][a] | ||
2 | Minister of the Interior and Foreign Affairs |
Mariano Enrique Calvo | Ind. | Law. | 3 July 1829 | 24 January 1832 | 935 | [5][b] | |||
Santa Cruz (II) | |||||||||||
3 | Casimiro Olañeta | Ind. | Law. | 24 January 1832 | 25 January 1833 | 367 | [11] | ||||
2 | Mariano Enrique Calvo | Ind. | Law. | 25 January 1833 | 16 August 1835 | 933 | [12][5][b] | ||||
Santa Cruz (III) | |||||||||||
6 | José Ignacio Sanjines | Ind. | Law. | 16 August 1835 | 11 December 1837 | 848 | [13][14] | ||||
7 | Andrés María Torrico | Ind. | Mag. | 11 December 1837 | 28 March 1838 | 107 | [15][16] | ||||
3 | Minister of Government and Foreign Affairs |
Casimiro Olañeta[d] | Ind. | Law. | 28 March 1838 | 17 February 1839 | 326 | Santa Cruz (IV) |
[19][e]
|
Even though the bicameral system was adopted in the constitutions of 1831, 1834, 1839, 1843, 1851, 1868 and 1878, it can be affirmed that, with very small intervals, the Senate, in fact, has not functioned; it is say has not exercised its peculiar attributions, but from the ordinary legislature out of 1882 Even though the bicameral system was adopted in the 1831 Constitution and continued in subsequently promulgated constitutions, it can be affirmed that, with the exception of very small intervals, the Senate did not, in fact, exercise its functions until the convocation of the 1882 legislature.[20]
Legislature | P | Senator | Party | Alternate | Term of office | Election | Ref. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | ||||||||
1882–1884 [21] |
1° | 1882 | 6 August 1884 | 1884 | |||||
2° | 1882 | 6 August 1884 | |||||||
1884–1888 [21][22][23] |
1° | Crispín Andrade y Portugal | PL | 6 August 1884 | 6 August 1888 | 1884 | [24] | ||
2° | 6 August 1884 | 6 August 1888 | |||||||
1888–1892 [25] |
1° | 1888 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
1892–1896 [25][26] |
1° | PC | 6 August 1892 | 1892 | |||||
2° | PC | ||||||||
1896–1899 [25] |
1° | 1896 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
1900–1902 [27] |
1° | Benedicto Goytia | PL | 6 August 1902 | 1900 | [28][29] | |||
2° | Federico Díez de Medina | PL | Flavio López | 6 August 1902 | [f][30] | ||||
1902–1904 [27][31][32] |
1° | Macario Pinilla | PL | 6 August 1902 | 6 August 1904 | 1902 | [33][34] | ||
2° | Federico Díez de Medina | PL | Flavio López | 6 August 1902 | 13 June 1904 | [35][g] | |||
Flavio López | PL | None | 13 June 1904 | 6 August 1904 | |||||
1904–1906 [27][37][38] |
1° | Macario Pinilla | PL | 6 August 1904 | 6 August 1906 | 1904 | [33][34] | ||
2° | Flavio López | PL | None | 6 August 1904 | 6 August 1906 | ||||
1906–1908 [27][39][40] |
1° | Macario Pinilla | PL | 6 August 1906 | 6 August 1908 | 1906 | [33][34] | ||
2° | Benedicto Goytia | PL | 6 August 1906 | 6 August 1908 | [28][29] | ||||
1908–1910 [41][42][43] |
1° | Macario Pinilla | PL | 6 August 1908 | 6 August 1910 | 1908 | [33][34] | ||
2° | Benedicto Goytia | PL | 6 August 1908 | 6 August 1910 | [28][29] | ||||
1910–1912 [41][44][45] |
1° | Víctor E. Sanjinés | PL | 6 August 1910 | 6 August 1912 | 1910 | [46] | ||
2° | Benedicto Goytia | PL | 6 August 1910 | 6 August 1912 | [28][29] | ||||
1912–1914 [41][47][48] |
1° | Luis F. Jémio | PL | 6 August 1912 | 6 August 1913 | 1912 | [h] | ||
Adolfo Ortega | PL | 6 August 1913 | 6 August 1914 | [i] | |||||
2° | Benedicto Goytia | PL | 6 August 1912 | 6 August 1914 | [28][29] | ||||
1914–1916 [41][51][52] |
1° | Andrés S. Muñoz | PL | Bautista Saavedra | 6 August 1914 | 6 August 1916 | 1914 | [53][54] | |
2° | Benedicto Goytia | PL | 6 August 1914 | 6 August 1916 | [28][29] | ||||
1916–1918 [41][55][56][57] |
1° | Andrés S. Muñoz | PL | Bautista Saavedra | 6 August 1916 | 6 August 1918 | 1916 | [53][54] | |
2° | Benedicto Goytia | PL | 6 August 1916 | 6 August 1918 | [28][29] | ||||
1918–1920 [55][58] |
1° | Andrés S. Muñoz | PL | Abdón Saavedra | 6 August 1918 | 12 July 1920 | 1918 | [53][54] | |
2° | Juan María Zalles | PL | 6 August 1918 | 12 July 1920 | [59][60] | ||||
1920–1921 [55][61] |
1° | Francisco Iraizós | PR | 19 December 1920 | 7 November 1921 | 1920 | [62] | ||
2° | Abel Iturralde | PR | 19 December 1920 | 7 November 1921 | [63][64] | ||||
1921–1923 [55][65][66] |
1° | Francisco Iraizós | PR | 7 November 1921 | 6 August 1923 | 1920 | [62] | ||
2° | Abel Iturralde | PR | 7 November 1921 | 6 August 1923 | [63][64] | ||||
1923–1925 [55][67] |
1° | Francisco Iraizós | PR | 6 August 1923 | 15 August 1925 | 1923 | [62] | ||
2° | Felipe Segundo Guzmán | PR | 6 August 1923 | 15 August 1925 | [68] | ||||
1925–1928 [55][69] |
1° | Francisco Iraizós | PR | 15 August 1925 | 6 August 1928 | 1925 | [62] | ||
2° | Felipe Segundo Guzmán | PR | 15 August 1925 | 3 September 1925 | [68] | ||||
1928–1930 | 1° | 1928 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
1931–1933 | 1° | 1931 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
1933–1936 | 1° | 1933 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
1938–1939 | 1° | 1938 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
1940–1942 | 1° | 1940 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
3° | |||||||||
1942–1943 | 1° | 1942 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
3° | |||||||||
1944–1946 | 1° | 1944 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
3° | |||||||||
1947–1949 | 1° | 1947 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
3° | |||||||||
1949–1951 | 1° | 1949 | |||||||
2° | |||||||||
3° | |||||||||
1956–1958 | 1° | MNR | 1956 | ||||||
2° | MNR | ||||||||
1958–1960 | 1° | MNR | 1958 | ||||||
2° | MNR | ||||||||
1960–1962 | 1° | MNR | 1960 | ||||||
2° | MNR | ||||||||
1962–1964 | 1° | MNR | 1962 | ||||||
2° | MNR | ||||||||
3° | MNR | ||||||||
1964 | 1° | MNR | 1964 | ||||||
2° | MNR | ||||||||
3° | MNR | ||||||||
1966–1969 [70] |
1° | Tomás Guillermo Elío | PSD | 6 August 1966 | 26 September 1969 | 1966 | [71] | ||
2° | Mario Gutiérrez Gutiérrez | FSB | 6 August 1966 | 26 September 1969 | [72] | ||||
3° | Hugo Bozo Alcócer | MPC | 6 August 1966 | 26 September 1969 | |||||
1979–1980 [73] |
1° | Abel Ayoroa Argandoña | MNRI | 6 August 1979 | 17 July 1980 | 1979 | [74] | ||
2° | Jorge Alvárez Plata | MNRI | 6 August 1979 | 17 July 1980 | [75] | ||||
3° | Benjamín Miguel Harb | PDC | 6 August 1979 | 17 July 1980 | [76] | ||||
1982–1985 [77] |
1° | Federico Alvárez Plata | MNRI | 6 October 1982 | 6 August 1985 | 1980 | [78] | ||
2° | Víctor Andrade Uzquiano | MNRI | 6 October 1982 | 6 August 1985 | [79] | ||||
3° | Héctor Ormachea Peñaranda | ADN | 6 October 1982 | 6 August 1985 | [80] | ||||
1985–1989 [81] |
1° | Héctor Ormachea Peñaranda | ADN | 6 August 1985 | 6 August 1989 | 1985 | [80] | ||
2° | Adalberto Violand | ADN | 6 August 1985 | 6 August 1989 | [82] | ||||
3° | Abel Ayoroa Argandoña | M-XX | José Luís Harb Alvarez | 6 August 1985 | 1987 | [j] | |||
José Luís Harb Alvarez | MNR | None | 1987 | 6 August 1989 | [83] | ||||
1989–1993 [84] |
1° | Jorge Escobari Cusicanqui | CDP | 6 August 1989 | 6 August 1993 | 1989 | [85] | ||
2° | José Taboada Calderón | CDP | 6 August 1989 | 6 August 1993 | [86] | ||||
3° | Guillermo Fortún Suárez | ADN | 6 August 1989 | 6 August 1993 | [87] | ||||
1993–1997 [88][89][90] |
1° | Guido Capra Jemio | MNR | Gonzalo Quiroga Zubieta | 6 August 1993 | 6 August 1997 | 1993 | [91][92] | |
2° | Javier Torres-Goitia | MNR | Manuel Arellano Ramírez | 6 August 1993 | 6 August 1997 | [93] | |||
3° | Andrés Soliz Rada | CDP | Carlos García Suarez | 6 August 1993 | 6 August 1997 | [94][95] | |||
1997–2002 [96][97][98] |
1° | Reynaldo Venegas Iporre | CDP | Daniel Quevedo Villagomez | 6 August 1997 | 6 August 2002 | 1997 | [99] | |
2° | Carlos García Suarez | CDP | Felicidad Mayta | 6 August 1997 | 6 August 2002 | [100] | |||
3° | Guido Loayza | ADN | Oscar Daza Márquez | 6 August 1997 | 6 August 2002 | [101] | |||
2002–2006 [102][103] |
1° | Esteban Silvestre Clares | MAS | Angel Zaballa Lazo | 6 August 2002 | 22 January 2006 | 2002 | [104] | |
2° | Alfonso Cabrera Cabrera | MAS | None | 6 August 2002 | 22 January 2006 | [105] | |||
3° | Ana María Flores | NFR | Adalberto Kuajara | 6 August 2002 | 22 January 2006 | [106][107] | |||
2006–2010 [108][109][110] |
1° | Antonio Peredo | MAS | Severina Pérez Cahuapaza | 22 January 2006 | 22 January 2010 | 2005 | [111] | |
2° | Lino Villca | MAS | María Udaeta | 22 January 2006 | 22 January 2010 | [112] | |||
3° | Luis Vásquez Villamor | PDMS | Rafael Antonio Loayza Bueno | 22 January 2006 | 22 January 2010 | [113] | |||
2010–2015 [114] |
1° | Ana María Romero | MAS | Javier Hurtado | 22 January 2010 | 2 February 2010 | 2009 | [k] | |
Javier Hurtado | MAS | None | 2 February 2010 | 13 July 2010 | [l] | ||||
13 July 2010 | 17 November 2010 | ||||||||
Mary Medina | MAS | None | 17 November 2010 | 19 January 2015 | [119][120] | ||||
2° | Eugenio Rojas | MAS | Mary Medina | 22 January 2010 | 17 November 2010 | [121][119] | |||
None | 17 November 2010 | 22 January 2015 | |||||||
3° | Martha Poma | MAS | Victor Castro Gonzales | 22 January 2010 | 22 January 2015 | [122][123] | |||
4° | Fidel Surco | MAS | Rossemery Carlo Lucas | 22 January 2010 | 22 January 2015 | [124][125] | |||
2015–2020 [126] |
1° | José Alberto Gonzales | MAS | Máxima Apaza | 19 January 2015 | 14 August 2018 | 2014 | [m][n][130] | |
Vacant | 14 August 2018 | 18 September 2018 | |||||||
Máxima Apaza | MAS | None | 18 September 2018 | 3 November 2020 | [131][132][133] | ||||
2° | Eva Copa | MAS | Miguel Manuel Coñaja | 22 January 2015 | 3 November 2020 | [134][135][136] | |||
3° | Jorge Choque | MAS | Rossio Magaly Lima Escalante | 22 January 2015 | 3 November 2020 | [o][138][139] | |||
4° | Ancelma Perlacios Peralta | MAS | Giovani Alfonsin Carlo Ayllon | 22 January 2015 | 3 November 2020 | [140][141] | |||
2020–2025 [142][143][144] |
1° | Virginia Velasco Condori | MAS | Hilarión Padilla Mamani | 3 November 2020 | Incumbent | 2020 | [145] | |
2° | Felix Ajpi | MAS | Yolanda María Ponce Condo | 3 November 2020 | Incumbent | [146][147] | |||
3° | Simona Quispe | MAS | Guido José Varela Mancilla | 3 November 2020 | Incumbent | [148] | |||
4° | Cecilia Requena Zárate | CC | Porfirio Ovidio Menacho Tarquino | 3 November 2020 | Incumbent | [149][150] |
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b Spaniard.
- ^ a b c President N° 8; Vice President N° 3 (Santa Cruz). Cite error: The named reference "Calvo" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ As minister of finance and continues in that position after 3 July 1829.[9]
- ^ Olañeta's term was terminated upon the resignation of Santa Cruz from the presidency on 20 February, although in fact his government had been overthrown on the 17th. Most sources place the date of his official resignation as the end of his term.[17][18]
- ^ Minister of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation.
- ^ Due to the absence of the elected senator Fernando Eloy Guachalla, the alternate senator Federico Díez de Medina was called to serve.[27]
- ^ Died in office.[36]
- ^ Declared alternate senator to replace Sanjinés.[49]
- ^ Declared alternate senator.[50]
- ^ Died in office.Cite error: The opening
<ref>
tag is malformed or has a bad name (see the help page). - ^ Died in office.[115]
- ^ Hurtado, who as alternate senator was acting for Ana María Romero de Campero, resigned on 13 July 2010, leaving the seat vacant.[116] When Romero died on 26 October, Hurtado affirmed his resignation but the Plurinational Electoral Organ refused to recognize it, maintaining that he was still in office.[117] The dispute was resolved on 17 November when Mary Medina, the alternate senator for Eugenio Rojas, was allowed to occupy the vacant seat.[118]
- ^ Gonzales was elected president of the Senate and sworn-in as a senator on 19 January 2015. The rest of the legislature was inaugurated on 22 January.[127][128]
- ^ Resigned from office.[129]
- ^ Arrested: 27 November – 15 December 2015; returned to office on 22 December.[137]
Footnotes
edit- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 13 de endero de 1826". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 13 January 1826. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Facundo Infante | Militar y Político". rree.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ "Ley de 19 de junio de 1826". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 19 June 1826. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 2 de agosto de 1828" (in Spanish). 2 August 1828. p. 228. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c "Mariano Enrique Calvo | Abogado y Político". rree.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ "Ley de 12 de agosto de 1828". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 12 August 1828. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "José Severo Feliciano Malavia | Abogado, Político, Periodista y Literato". rree.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 1 de febrero de 1829". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 1 February 1829. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Gisbert 2003, pp. 320–321
- ^ "José María de Lara | Abogado y Financista". rree.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 24 de enero de 1832". scholarship.rice.edu (in Spanish). 24 January 1832. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 25 de enero de 1835". scholarship.rice.edu (in Spanish). 25 January 1835. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 16 de agosto de 1835". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 16 August 1835. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "José Ignacio Sanjinés | Abogado, Poeta y Hombre Público". rree.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 11 de diciembre de 1837". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 11 December 1837. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Andrés María Torrico | Magistrado y Hombre Público de la Confederación Crucista". rree.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
- ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 102
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 20 de febrero de 1839". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 20 February 1839. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 28 de marzo de 1838". scholarship.rice.edu (in Spanish). 28 March 1838. Retrieved 6 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 88
- ^ a b Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 398
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 17 de mayo de 1884". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 17 May 1884. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 25 de agosto de 1885". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivai (in Spanish). 25 August 1885. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Valdes, Julio Cesar (1894). D. Crispín Andrade y Portugal | Biografía y estudio crítico (in Spanish). La Paz: Imprenta de la "Revolución". p. 18.
- ^ a b c Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 399
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 21 de mayo de 1892". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 21 May 1892. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c d e Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 400
- ^ a b c d e f g Cáceres Bilbao 2000, pp. 346–348
- ^ a b c d e f g Belmont Parker 1922, pp. 125–129
- ^ Cáceres Bilbao 2000, pp. 332–333
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 4 de junio de 1902". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 4 June 1902. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 29 de agosto de 1903". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 29 August 1903. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c d Cáceres Bilbao 2000, pp. 306–308
- ^ a b c d Belmont Parker 1922, pp. 227–228
- ^ Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 155
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 13 de junio de 1904". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 13 June 1904. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 24 de mayo de 1904". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 24 May 1904. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 5 de junio de 1905". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 5 June 1905. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 4 de junio de 1906". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 4 June 1906. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 6 de junio de 1907". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 6 June 1907. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c d e Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 401
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 2 de junio de 1908". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 2 June 1908. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 25 de junio de 1909". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 25 June 1909. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 6 de junio de 1910". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 6 June 1910. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 14 de junio de 1911". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 14 June 1911. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 178
- ^ "Ley de 6 de agosto de 1912". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 6 August 1912. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 10 de junio de 1913". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 10 June 1913. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 181
- ^ Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 184
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 8 de junio de 1914". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 8 June 1914. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 8 de junio de 1915". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 8 June 1915. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c Cáceres Bilbao 2000, pp. 339–342
- ^ a b c Belmont Parker 1922, pp. 195–197
- ^ a b c d e f Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 402
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 15 de junio de 1916". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 15 June 1916. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 11 de junio de 1917". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 11 June 1917. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 2 de junio de 1919". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 2 June 1919. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Belmont Parker 1922, pp. 325–326
- ^ "Juan María Zalles | Abogado, Periodista y Hombre Público". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ Cáceres Bilbao 2000, p. 221
- ^ a b c d Cáceres Bilbao 2000, pp. 371–372
- ^ a b Cáceres Bilbao 2000, pp. 360–362
- ^ a b Belmont Parker 1922, pp. 147–148
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 7 de noviembre de 1921". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 7 November 1921. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 29 de noviembre de 1922". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 29 November 1922. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 7 de junio de 1923". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 7 June 1923. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b Cáceres Bilbao 2000, pp. 373–375
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 6 de junio de 1925". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 6 June 1925. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Alvarado, Alcides (1994). La Constitución y sus reformas (in Spanish). La Paz: Higher University of San Andrés. p. 497.
- ^ "Tomás Guillermo Elío | Abogado, Financista, Diplomático y Escritor". rree.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ "Mario Gutiérrez Gutiérrez". rree.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 1979". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Romero 2018, pp. 75–76
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 34–35
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 374–375
- ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 1980". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Romero 2018, pp. 33–34
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 41–42
- ^ a b Romero 2018, pp. 423–424
- ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 1985". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Romero 2018, p. 641
- ^ Romero 2018, p. 277
- ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 1989". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Romero 2018, pp. 208–209
- ^ Romero 2018, p. 581
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 234–236
- ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 1993". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Informe al H. Congreso Nacional | Elecciones generales (in Spanish). La Paz: National Electoral Court. 1993. p. 134.
- ^ "Decreto Supremo N° 23562". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 21 July 1993. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Romero 2018, pp. 130–131
- ^ Romero 2018, p. 478
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 592–593
- ^ Romero 2018, p. 249
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 568–569
- ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 1997". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Informe al H. Congreso Nacional | Elecciones generales (in Spanish). La Paz: National Electoral Court. 1997. p. 112.
- ^ "Decreto Supremo N° 24724". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 6 August 1997. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Romero 2018, pp. 632–633
- ^ Romero 2018, p. 249
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 189–190
- ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 2002". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Datos Oficiales de la CNE: Nomina de diputados y senadores electos". ANF (in Spanish). 13 July 2002. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 565–566
- ^ Romero 2018, p. 116
- ^ Romero 2018, p. 233
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 312–313
- ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 2005". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Informe al H. Congreso Nacional | Elecciones generales (in Spanish). La Paz: National Electoral Court. 2005. p. 245.
- ^ "Decreto Supremo N° 28576". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 17 January 2006. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Romero 2018, pp. 450–451
- ^ Romero 2018, p. 639
- ^ Romero 2018, pp. 623–624
- ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 2009". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Muere Ana María Romero de Campero, senadora y ex Defensora del Pueblo". eabolivia (in Spanish). 26 October 2010. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
Ana María Romero presidenta de la Cámara de Senadores, pidió licencia de la Asamblea el 2 de febrero debido a una operación gastroentereológica [...]
- ^ "Renuncia suplente de senadora Ana María Romero de Campero". eju.tv (in Spanish). 13 July 2010. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
- ^ "OEP cierra debate y reconoce a Hurtado como senador suplente de Ana María". eabolivia (in Spanish). 27 October 2010. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
- ^ "Mary Medina juró como senadora titular por La Paz del MAS". eabolivia (in Spanish). 17 November 2010. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
- ^ a b "Mary Medina". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "El MAS termina el debate y se queda con el curul de Anamar". eju.tv (in Spanish). 29 October 2010. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
- ^ "Eugenio Rojas". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Martha Poma". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Victor Castro Gonzales". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Fidel Surco". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Rossemery Carlo Lucas". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Atlas Electoral | Elecciones Generales 2014". atlaselectoral.oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Corz, Carlos (19 January 2015). "Montaño y Gonzáles juran como presidente de Diputados y del Senado". La Razón| (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 November 2021.
- ^ "Asumen los nuevos presidentes del Senado y Cámara de Diputados de Bolivia". EFE (in Spanish). 19 January 2015. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
- ^ "'Gringo' Gonzales presenta renuncia irrevocable a su mandato de senador". Correo del Sur (in Spanish). 14 August 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ "José Alberto Gonzales". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Máxima Apaza". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ "Máxima Apaza". senado.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 30 November 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ "Máxima Apaza es posesionada como senadora titular por La Paz". web.senado.gob.bo (in Spanish). 18 September 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Eva Copa". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Eva Copa". web.senado.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 25 August 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ "Miguel Manuel Coñaja". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Senador Choque libre por no tener un custodio". Los Tiempos (in Spanish). 15 December 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
- ^ "Jorge Choque". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Rossio Magaly Lima Escalante". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ancelma Perlacios Peralta". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Giovani Alfonsin Carlo Ayllon". vicepresidencia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Publicación de resultados | Elecciones Generales 2020" (PDF). oep.org.bo (in Spanish). Plurinational Electoral Organ. 23 October 2020. p. 5. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Medina, Eduardo (3 November 2020). "Los nuevos asambleístas electos juran para el periodo 2020-2025". La Razón (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 November 2021.
- ^ "Conozca a los nuevos senadores de Bolivia". Página Siete (in Spanish). 23 October 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ "Virginia Velasco Condori". web.senado.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Felix Ajpi Ajpi". web.senado.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Yolanda María Ponce Condo". web.senado.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Simona Quispe Apaza". web.senado.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Cecilia Isabel Requena Zárate". web.senado.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Porfirio Ovidio Menacho Tarquino". web.senado.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
Bibliography
edit- Belmont Parker, William (1922). Bolivians of To-day (in Spanish). Hispanic Society of America. ISBN 9780527698065.
- Cáceres Bilbao, Pío (2000). Bolivia | El Senado Nacional (album): bosquejo histórico parlamentario, 1825-1925 (in Spanish). La Paz: Library of the H. National Congress.
- Romero, Salvador (2019). Diccionario biográfico de parlamentarios | 1979–2019 (in Spanish). FUNDAPPAC. ISBN 9789997400215.
President of Bolivia
edit
President of the Plurinational State of Bolivia | |
---|---|
Presidente del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia | |
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since 8 November 2020 | |
Style |
|
Type | |
Member of | |
Residence | Casa Grande del Pueblo |
Seat | La Paz |
Nominator | Plurinational Electoral Organ |
Appointer | Popular vote (two-rounds if necessary) |
Term length | Five years, renewable once |
Constituting instrument | Constitution of Bolivia |
Inaugural holder | Simón Bolívar |
First holder | Evo Morales[a] |
Salary | Bs 24,251 per month[2][3] |
Website | www |
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The president of Bolivia, officially the president of the Plurinational State of Bolivia (Spanish: Presidente del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia), is the head of state and head of government of Bolivia. The president directs the executive branch of the government and is the captain general of the Armed Forces of Bolivia.
The power of the presidency has grown substantially since its formation, as has the power of the federal government as a whole. While presidential power has ebbed and flowed over time, the presidency has played an increasingly strong role in American political life since the beginning of the 20th century, with a notable expansion during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt. In contemporary times, the president is also looked upon as one of the world's most powerful political figures as the leader of the only remaining global superpower. As the leader of the nation with the largest economy by nominal GDP, the president possesses significant domestic and international hard and soft power.
Article II of the Constitution establishes the executive branch of the federal government and vests the executive power in the president. The power includes the execution and enforcement of federal law and the responsibility to appoint federal executive, diplomatic, regulatory, and judicial officers. Based on constitutional provisions empowering the president to appoint and receive ambassadors and conclude treaties with foreign powers, and on subsequent laws enacted by Congress, the modern presidency has primary responsibility for conducting U.S. foreign policy. The role includes responsibility for directing the world's most expensive military, which has the second largest nuclear arsenal.
The president also plays a leading role in federal legislation and domestic policymaking. As part of the system of checks and balances, Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution gives the president the power to sign or veto federal legislation. Since modern presidents are also typically viewed as the leaders of their political parties, major policymaking is significantly shaped by the outcome of presidential elections, with presidents taking an active role in promoting their policy priorities to members of Congress who are often electorally dependent on the president. In recent decades, presidents have also made increasing use of executive orders, agency regulations, and judicial appointments to shape domestic policy.
The president is elected indirectly through the Electoral College to a four-year term, along with the vice president. Under the Twenty-second Amendment, ratified in 1951, no person who has been elected to two presidential terms may be elected to a third. In addition, nine vice presidents have become president by virtue of a president's intra-term death or resignation. In all, 45 individuals have served 46 presidencies spanning 58 full four-year terms.
Luis Arce is the 67th and current president of Bolivia, having assumed office on 8 November 2020.
History and development
editTimeline of presidents
editPolitical affiliation
editTimeline
editSee also
editNotes
edit- ^ While Simón Bolívar was the inaugural holder of the office of president of Bolivia, Evo Morales was the first president of the Plurinational State of Bolivia in its current form.
References
edit- ^ "Heads of State | Heads of Government | Minister for Foreign Affairs" (PDF). un.int. 22 September 2012. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ "Decreto Supremo N°3545". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 1 May 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "El salario del Presidente sube de 22.987 a 24.251 bolivianos". Opinión (in Spanish). 3 May 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
Bibliography
edit- Mesa Gisbert, Carlos D. (2003). Presidentes de Bolivia: entre urnas y fusiles | El poder ejecutivo: los ministros de estado (in Spanish) (Third ed.). La Paz: Editorial Gisbert.
External links
edit
Vice President of Bolivia
edit
Vice President of the Plurinational State of Bolivia | |
---|---|
Vice Presidente del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia | |
![]() | |
since 8 November 2020 | |
Style |
|
Type | |
Member of | |
Residence | Vice-presidential building |
Seat | La Paz |
Nominator | Plurinational Electoral Organ |
Appointer | Popular vote (two-rounds if necessary) |
Term length | Five years, renewable once |
Constituting instrument | Constitution of Bolivia |
Inaugural holder | José Ramón de Loayza |
First holder | Álvaro García Linera[a] |
Salary | Bs 22,904 per month[2][3] |
Website | www |
The vice president is also an officer in the legislative branch, as president of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly.
The vice president is also an officer in the legislative branch, as the president of the Senate. In this capacity, the vice president is empowered to preside over Senate deliberations at any time, but may not vote except to cast a tie-breaking vote. The vice president is indirectly elected together with the president to a four-year term of office by the people of the United States through the Electoral College.
The modern vice presidency is a position of significant power and is widely seen as an integral part of a president's administration. While the exact nature of the role varies in each administration, most modern vice presidents serve as a key presidential advisor, governing partner, and representative of the president. The vice president is also a statutory member of the National Security Council and thus plays a significant role in national security matters. As the vice president's role within the executive branch has expanded, the legislative branch role has contracted; for example, vice presidents now preside over the Senate only infrequently.
The role of the vice presidency has changed dramatically since the office was created during the 1787 Constitutional Convention. Originally something of an afterthought, the vice presidency was considered an insignificant office for much of the nation's history, especially after the Twelfth Amendment meant that vice presidents were no longer the runners-up in the presidential election. The vice president's role began steadily growing in importance during the 1930s, with the Office of the Vice President being created in the executive branch in 1939, and has since grown much further. Due to its increase in power and prestige, the vice presidency is now often considered to be a stepping stone to the presidency. Since the 1970s, the vice president has been afforded an official residence at Number One Observatory Circle.
The Constitution does not expressly assign the vice presidency to a branch of the government, causing a dispute among scholars about which branch the office belongs to (the executive, the legislative, both, or neither). The modern view of the vice president as an officer of the executive branch—one isolated almost totally from the legislative branch—is due in large part to the assignment of executive authority to the vice president by either the president or Congress. Nevertheless, modern vice presidents have often previously served in Congress, and are often tasked with helping to advance an administration's legislative priorities.
David Choquehuanca is the 39th and current vice president of Bolivia. He assumed office on 8 November 2020.![]() |
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History and development
editVice president as prime minister
editThe first mention of the office of vice president came in the 1826 Constitution, drafted by Simón Bolívar and promulgated on 19 November 1826 by Antonio José de Sucre.[4] In it, seven articles (85–91) are dedicated to the deputy head of government.[5] The position was not directly elected; rather, the vice president was nominated by the president and presented to the legislature for approval or rejection. The vice president was conceived as a prime minister, directly responsible for the administration of the state with the rest of the council of ministers under their direction and tutelage as outlined in Articles 89 and 90.[6][7]
President Sucre, the first president to be sworn-in to this Constitution, never presented a vice presidential candidate for the consideration of the General Constituent Congress and the position remained vacant throughout his mandate. At the same time, it was Sucre himself who, at the time of his resignation, accepted by the Congress on 2 August 1828, activated for the only time the 1826 mechanism of vice-presidential election when he presented a three-page consideration to the legislature.[8] On 12 August, it elected José Miguel de Velasco provisional vice president, who never came to hold the vice presidency because the entirety of his term was spent as acting president, in the absence of the elected president.[9][10]
Under these circumstances, the first vice president of Bolivia was José Ramón de Loayza, elected by the Conventional Assembly on 18 December 1828, in accordance with the 1826 Constitution, although within the framework of an assembly dominated by Agustín Gamarra and the Peruvian Army which had forced the signing of the Treaty of Piquiza.[11] Loayza was acting president in the absence of Pedro Blanco Soto from 18–26 December and held the provisional vice presidency fleetingly for just six days between 26 December 1828 and 1 January 1829.[12]
Vice president as part of the executive
editThe 1831 Constitution dedicated six articles (79–84) to the vice presidency, stripping it of the broad powers conferred upon it in 1826 and cementing it as an exclusive post within the executive branch.[13] Article 79 specifically modified the form in which the vice president was elected. Rather than being nominated by the president, the office was to be elected by the parish electoral boards for a set four-year term with no restrictions on reelection or subsequent election to the presidency immediately following their term. As per Articles 82 and 83, the vice president also carries the post of secretary minister of the cabinet and may be appointed to any ministerial position at the president's digression.[11]
Constitutions which abolish the office
editThe 1839 Constitution promulgated by José Miguel de Velasco on 26 October 1839 abolished the office of the vice president. Instead, constitutional succession corresponded to the president of the Senate (Art.69–71).[14] The vice presidency remained abolished through subsequent constitutions for 39 years until 1878 and the position remained vacant for a total of 41 years.[11]
In 1843, the Constitution of 17 June promulgated by José Ballivián modified the mode of constitutional succession established in 1839. Articles 53–55 established the president of the National Council as first in the presidential line of succession.[15] The council was a unique body established by Articles 61–71 composed of two senators and two representatives elected by their respective legislative chambers, as well as all of the members of the council of ministers, two magistrates of the Supreme Court, one general, one ecclesiastic, and one finance officer. In addition, every ex-president of the republic automatically gained the right to be a member of the council. The president of the National Council was to be elected from among the body's members.[16]
Constitutional roles
editSuccessor to the president
editActing president
editSee also
editNotes
edit- ^ While José Ramón de Loayza was the inaugural holder of the office of vice president of Bolivia, Álvaro García Linera was the first vice president of the Plurinational State of Bolivia in its current form.
References
edit- ^ "Heads of State | Heads of Government | Minister for Foreign Affairs" (PDF). un.int. 22 September 2012. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ "Decreto Supremo N°3545". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 1 May 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "El salario del Presidente sube de 22.987 a 24.251 bolivianos". Opinión (in Spanish). 3 May 2018. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 11
- ^ "Constitución Política de 1826". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 19 November 1826. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 12
- ^ "Constitución Política de 1826". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 19 November 1826. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
Article 89 – He [the vice president] will be responsible, with the Minister of the Office of the respective department, for the administration of the State.
Article 90 – He shall dispatch and sign on behalf of the Republic and the President, all the affairs of the administration, with the Minister of State of the respective department.{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Decreto Supremo de 2 de agosto de 1826 (in Spanish). Chuquisaca. 2 August 1826. p. 228.
4° – Once the Vice-President of the Republic who has been proposed on this date is approved by the national representation, the Vice-President shall enter the exercise of the Government in accordance with Article 81 of the Constitution.
- ^ "Ley de 12 de agosto de 1828". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 12 August 1828. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 12 de agosto de 1828". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 12 August 1828. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c Gisbert 2003, p. 13
- ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 247
- ^ "Constitución Política de 1831". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 14 August 1831. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitución Política de 1839". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 26 October 1839. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitución Política de 1843". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 17 June 1843. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 14
- ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 15
- ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 16
- ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 17
- ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 18
- ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 19
Bibliography
edit- Mesa Gisbert, Carlos D. (2003). Presidentes de Bolivia: entre urnas y fusiles | El poder ejecutivo: los ministros de estado (in Spanish) (Third ed.). La Paz: Editorial Gisbert.
External links
edit{{Deputy heads of government of South America}}
Vice Presidents of the Bolivian Republic (1826–1868) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vice Presidency[a] | Vice President | Party | Designation | Government[b] | President | ||||
Office vacant 19 November 1826 – 12 August 1829.[1] | Antonio José de Sucre | ||||||||
From 12 August – 18 December 1828, the vice president-designate is José Miguel de Velasco.[2] | Constitutional provisional |
Themself; charged with State Administration [c][3] | |||||||
From 18 December 1828 – 26 December 1828, the vice president-designate is José Ramón de Loayza.[4] | Constitutional provisional |
Themself; charged with State Administration [c][5] | |||||||
1 | 26 December 1828 – 1 January 1829 Ousted by a coup d'état |
![]() |
José Ramón de Loayza (1751–1839) |
Independent | Elected by the General Assembly |
Pedro Blanco Soto | |||
Office vacant 1–31 January 1829. | José Miguel de Velasco | ||||||||
From 31 January – 24 May 1829, the vice president-designate is José Miguel de Velasco.[6] | Constitutional provisional (31 Jan. 1829) |
Themself; charged with State Administration [c] | |||||||
2 | 24 May 1829 – 23 July 1835 End of term |
![]() |
José Miguel de Velasco (1795–1859) |
Independent | Elected by the Constituent Congress |
Andrés de Santa Cruz | |||
Elected by the General Constituent Assembly |
Constitutional provisional (16 Jul. 1831) [7] | ||||||||
Elected by the General Constituent Assembly |
Constitutional (15 Aug. 1831) [8] | ||||||||
3 | 23 July 1835 – 17 February 1839 Ousted by a coup d'état |
![]() |
Mariano Enrique Calvo (1782–1842) |
Independent | Elected by the parish electoral boards |
Constitutional [9]
| |||
From 18 July 1838 – 17 February 1839, the presidency was fulfilled by the vice president.[d] | Constitutional acting | ||||||||
Office vacant 17 February – 26 October 1839. | José Miguel de Velasco | ||||||||
Office abolished 26 October 1839 – 15 February 1878.[e] | |||||||||
Presidents of Bolivia From 17 June 1843:[14]
From 21 September 1851:[15]
From 5 August 1861:[16] | |||||||||
Vice Presidents of the Republic of Bolivia (1868–2009) | |||||||||
Office abolished 26 October 1839 – 15 February 1878.[e] | Presidents of Bolivia From 18 October 1871:[18]
| ||||||||
Office vacant 15 February 1878 – 31 May 1880.[19] | Hilarión Daza | ||||||||
Narciso Campero | |||||||||
4 | 31 May 1880 – 11 March 1881 Dismissed |
![]() |
Aniceto Arce (1824–1906) |
Constitutional | Elected by the National Convention [20] |
Constitutional (1º) | |||
Office vacant 15 February 1878 – 31 May 1880.[4] | |||||||||
5 | 31 May 1880 – 4 September 1884 End of term |
![]() |
Belisario Salinas (1833–1893) |
Constitutional (2º) | |||||
6 | 4 September 1884 – 15 August 1888 End of term |
![]() |
Mariano Baptista (1831–1907) |
Conservative | 1884 general election [21] |
Constitutional (1º) |
Gregorio Pacheco | ||
7 | ![]() |
Jorge Oblitas (1831–1900) |
Constitutional (2º) |
||||||
8 | 15 August 1888 – 11 August 1892 End of term |
![]() |
José Manuel del Carpio (1818–?) |
Conservative | 1888 general election [22] |
Constitutional (1º) |
Aniceto Arce | ||
9 | ![]() |
Serapio Reyes Ortiz (1822–1900) |
Constitutional (2º) | ||||||
10 | 11 August 1892 – 19 August 1896 End of term |
![]() |
Severo Fernández (1849–1925) |
Conservative | 1892 general election [23] |
Constitutional (1º) |
Mariano Baptista | ||
– | Office vacant 11 August 1892 – 19 August 1896.[g] | Constitutional (2º) |
|- style="height:6em;"
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;" |
| rowspan=2 |
–
End of term
| data-sort-value=", " | [[File:|150px]]
| [[]]
(–)
| rowspan=2 style="background-color:#0F52BA;" |
| rowspan=2 | Conservative
| rowspan=2 |
| Constitutional
(1º)
|- style="height:6em;"
! style="background-color:#EAECF0;" |
| data-sort-value=", " | [[File:|150px]]
| [[]]
(–)
| Constitutional
(2º)
References
editNotes
edit- ^ Vice presidents are numbered according to first period served by the same person. For example, Álvaro García Linera served three consecutive terms and is counted as the thirty-eighth vice president. Likewise, Juan Misael Saracho is counted as the eighteenth, even though his consecutive terms in office were served under more than one president. During the period between 1880 and 1920 when Bolivia had simultaneous first and second vice presidents, each is counted separately with the first vice president taking precedence.
- ^ Vice presidents are categorized into two groups based on the legality of their arrival to power. Constitutional governments came to power through means prescribed by the Constitution of the time, typically through democratic election or by constitutional succession. De facto governments arrived to power through explicitly unconstitutional means, most commonly through coups d'état or a delegation of power not prescribed by the Constitution. Such de facto governments have can become constitutional later either through the calling of democratic elections or the enactment of a new constitution.
- ^ a b c Exerts command pending the arrival of the president-designate and does not take office until then.
- ^ Appointed to command the Bolivian State and serve as its representative the absence of Santa Cruz who was governing the Peru-Bolivian Confederation on Peruvian soil.[10][11]
- ^ a b The Constitution of 1839 eliminated the vice presidential position. In replacement, constitutional succession corresponds to the President of the Senate (Art. 69–71). This was modified on several occasions, corresponding to: the President of the National Council (1843: Art. 53–55); the Council of Ministers, which appoints a president from among its members (1851: Art. 73); the President of the Council of State (1861: Art. 53); the Council of Ministers as a whole (1868: Art. 67); the President of the Council of State (1871: Art. 70). The Constitution of 1878 (Art. 77) reestablished the vice presidency after 39 years.[12]
- ^ Styled "Constitutional Vice President of the Bolivian Republic, charged with State Administration". The vice presidential office remained officially abolished.
- ^ The second vice presidency remains vacant due to the death of Juan Federico Zuazo before taking office.[23]
Footnotes
edit- ^ "Constitución Política de 1826". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 19 November 1826. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 12 de agosto de 1828". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 12 August 1828. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 12 de agosto de 1828". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 12 August 1828. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b Gisbert 2003, p. 258–259
- ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 247
- ^ "Decreto Supremo de 31 de mayo de 1869". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 31 May 1869. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 15 de julio de 1831". lexivox.org (in Spanish). 15 July 1831. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitución Política de 1831". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 14 August 1831. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 23 de julio de 1835". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 23 July 1835. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 18 de julio de 1838". scholarship.rice.edu (in Spanish). 18 July 1838. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Gisbert 2003, p. 102
- ^ Gisbert 2003, pp. 13–14
- ^ "Constitución Política 1839". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 26 October 1839. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitución Política de 1843". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 17 June 1843. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitución Política de 1851". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 21 September 1851. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitución Política de 1861". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 5 August 1861. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitución Política de 1868". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 1 October 1868. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitución Política de 1871". lexivox.org (in Spanish). 18 October 1871. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Constitución Política de 1878". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 15 February 1878. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 31 de mayo de 1880". lexivox.org (in Spanish). 31 May 1880. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 2 de septiembre de 1884". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 2 September 1884. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 13 de agosto de 1888". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 13 August 1888. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b "Ley de 10 de agosto de 1892". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 10 August 1892. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
Addendum
editThe individuals mentioned in the following list were elected president of Bolivia but never came to govern:
President-elect | Party | Designation | Reason | Vice President-elect | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 | ![]() |
Andrés de Santa Cruz (1792–1865) |
Independent | Elected by the Constituent Congress [1] |
Did not arrive | José Miguel de Velasco | ||
27 | ![]() |
Fernando Eloy Guachalla (1853–1908) |
Liberal | 1908 general election | Died before assuming [2][3][4] |
Eufronio Viscarra (1º) | ||
Fidel Valdes (2º) | ||||||||
30 | ![]() |
José Gabino Villanueva (1881–1951) |
Republican | 1925 general election | Results annulled [5][6] |
Abdón Saavedra | ||
34 | ![]() |
Franz Tamayo (1879–1956) |
Genuine Republican |
1934 general election | Results annulled [7] |
Rafael de Ugarte |
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:L-1828-08-12
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Decreto Supremo de 15 de julio de 1908". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 15 July 1908. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Ley de 16 de septiembre de 1908". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 16 September 1908. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Bulletin of the Pan American Union (in Spanish). 1908: United States Government Publishing Office. pp. 1144–1145.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location (link) - ^ "Ley de 2 de septiembre de 1925". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 02-09-1925. Retrieved 2021-10-26.
{{cite web}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help)CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Zárate, Freddy (4 November 2018). "El caso de José Gabino Villanueva". Página Siete (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 October 2021.
- ^ "Ley de 3 de marzo de 1925". Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (in Spanish). 3 March 1925. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link)