Table Row Race Location Age N Test IQ Reference
3.1 1 European Austria 14 67 SPM 98 Moyles & Wolins, 1973
3.1 2 European Austria Adults 187 CF 101 Buj, 1981
3.1 3 European Belgium 7–13 944 CPM 99 Goosens, 1952a
3.1 4 European Belgium 10–16 920 CF 103 Goosens, 1952b
3.1 5 European Belgium Adults 247 CF 99 Buj, 1981
3.1 6 European Britain Adults 1,405 CF 100 Buj, 1981
3.1 7 European Britain 6–15 3,250 SPM 100 Raven et al., 1998
3.1 8 European Bulgaria Adults 215 CF 94 Buj, 1981
3.1 9 European Bulgaria 11–17 1,456 CF 91 Lynn et al., 1998
3.1 10 European Croatia 13–16 299 SPM 90 Sorokin, 1954
3.1 11 European Czech Rep. Adults 363 CF 98 Buj, 1981
3.1 12 European Czech Rep. 5–11 832 CPM 96 Raven et al., 1995
3.1 13 European Czech Rep. 11 64 SPM 100 Persaud, 1972
3.1 14 European Denmark 5–11 628 SPM 97 Vejleskov, 1968
3.1 15 European Denmark Adults 122 CF 99 Buj, 1981
3.1 16 European Estonia 12–18 2,689 SPM 100 Lynn et al., 2002
3.1 17 European Estonia 7–11 1,835 SPM 98 Lynn et al., 2003
3.1 18 European Finland 7 755 CPM 98 Kyostio, 1972
3.1 19 European Finland Adults 122 CF 99 Buj, 1981
3.1 20 European France 6–9 618 CPM 97 Bourdier, 1964
3.1 21 European France 6–11 328 CMM 102 Dague et al., 1964
3.1 22 European France Adults 1,320 CF 94 Buj, 1981
3.1 23 European France 6–16 1,120 WISC-3 98 Georgas et al., 2003
3.1 24 European Germany 7–11 454 SPM 90 Kurth, 1969
3.1 25 European Germany 5–7 563 CPM 99 Winkelman, 1972
3.1 26 European Germany 11–15 2,068 SPM 105 Raven, 1981
3.1 27 European Germany 11–15 1,000 SPM 99 Raven, 1981
3.1 28 European Germany Adults 1,320 CF 107 Buj, 1981
3.1 29 European Germany 7 200 CPM 97 Guthke & Al-Zoubi, 1987
3.1 30 European Germany 6–10 3,607 CPM 101 Raven et al., 1995
3.1 31 European Germany 5–10 980 CPM 97 Raven et al., 1995
3.1 32 European Germany 6–16 990 WISC-3 99 Georgas et al., 2003
3.1 33 European Greece 9–14 400 WISC 88 Fatouros, 1972
3.1 34 European Greece 6–12 227 DAM 97 Georgas & Georgas, 1972
3.1 35 European Greece Adults 220 CF 95 Buj, 1981
3.1 36 European Greece 6–17 731 MAT 89 Petrogiannis et al., 1999
3.1 37 European Greece 6–16 990 WISC-3 92 Georgas et al., 2003
3.1 38 European Hungary Adults 260 CF 98 Buj, 1981
3.1 39 European Iceland 6–16 665 SPM 101 Pind et al., 2003
3.1 40 European Ireland 6–13 3,088 SPM 87 Gill & Byrt, 1973
3.1 41 European Ireland Adults 75 CF 97 Buj, 1981
3.1 42 European Ireland 6–12 1,361 SPM 93 Carr, 1993
3.1 43 European Ireland 9–12 2,029 SPM 91 Carr, 1993
3.1 44 European Italy 11–16 2,432 SPM 103 Tesi & Young, 1962
3.1 45 European Italy Adults 1,380 CF 102 Buj, 1981
3.1 46 European Lithuania 8–12 259 CPM 90 Lynn & Kazlauskaite, 2002
3.1 47 European Lithuania 6–16 381 WISC-3 92 Georgas et al., 2003
3.1 48 European Malta 5 134 CPM 97 Martinelli & Lynn, 2005
3.1 49 European Netherlands Adults 333 CF 107 Buj, 1981
3.1 50 European Netherlands 5–10 1,920 CPM 99 Raven et al., 1995
3.1 51 European Netherlands 6–12 4,032 SPM 101 Raven et al., 1996
3.1 52 European Netherlands 6–16 1,100 WISC-3 99 Georgas et al., 2003
3.1 53 European Norway Adults 333 CF 100 Buj, 1981
3.1 54 European Poland Adults 835 CF 106 Buj, 1981
3.1 55 European Poland 6–15 4,006 SPM 92 Jaworowska & Szustrowa, 1991
3.1 56 European Portugal Adults 242 CF 101 Buj, 1981
3.1 57 European Portugal 6–12 807 CPM 88 Simoes, 1989
3.1 58 European Romania 6–10 300 CPM 94 Zahirnic et al., 1974
3.1 59 European Russia 14–15 432 SPM 97 Lynn, 2001
3.1 60 European Russia 27–55 745 CF 96 Grigorenko & Sternberg, 2001
3.1 61 European Serbia 15 76 SPM 89 Moyles & Wolins, 1973
3.1 62 European Slovakia 5–11 823 CPM 96 Raven et al., 1995
3.1 63 European Slovenia 8–18 1,556 SPM 96 Raven et al., 2000
3.1 64 European Slovenia 6–16 1,080 WISC-3 95 Georgas et al., 2003
3.1 65 European Spain Adults 848 CF 98 Buj, 1981
3.1 66 European Spain 6–9 854 CPM 97 Raven et al., 1995
3.1 67 European Spain 11–18 3,271 APM 102 Albalde Paz & Muñoz, 1993
3.1 68 European Sweden 6–14 1,106 WISC 97 Skandinaviska, 1970
3.1 69 European Sweden Adults 205 CF 104 Buj, 1981
3.1 70 European Sweden 6–16 2,231 WISC-3 99 Georgas et al., 2003
3.1 71 European Switzerland Adults 163 CF 101 Buj, 1981
3.1 72 European Switzerland 6–10 200 CPM 101 Raven et al., 1995
3.1 73 European Switzerland 9–15 246 SPM 104 Spicher, 1993
3.2 1 European Argentina 9–15 1,680 SPM 93 Rimoldi, 1948
3.2 2 European Argentina 5–11 420 CPM 98 Raven et al., 1998
3.2 3 European Australia 9–13 35,000 Otis 97 McIntyre, 1938
3.2 4 European Australia 18 6,700 SPM 100 Craig, 1974
3.2 5 European Australia 5–10 700 CPM 98 Raven et al., 1995
3.2 6 European Brazil 9–10 735 SPM 95 Fernandez, 2001
3.2 7 European Canada 7–12 313 SPM 97 Raven et al., 1996
3.2 8 European Canada 6–16 2,200 WISC-3 100 Prifitera et al., 1998
3.2 9 European Chile 21 178 3DW 99 Broer, 1996
3.2 10 European Colombia 13–16 50 WISC-R 95 Ardila et al., 2000
3.2 11 European Mexico 7–10 155 SPM 98 Lynn et al., 2005
3.2 12 European N. Zealand 9–15 26,000 OTIS 99 Redmond & Davies, 1940
3.2 13 European N. Zealand 9–17 3,108 SPM 101 Reid & Gilmore, 1989
3.2 14 European N. Zealand 8–9 1,692 WISC-R 102 Fergusson & Horwood, 1997
3.2 15 European S. Africa 15 1,056 SPM 94 Owen, 1992
3.2 16 European USA 11 1,000 SB 100 Scottish Council, 1933
3.2 17 European USA 11 1,215 TM 99 Scottish Council, 1949
3.2 18 European USA 14–18 10,000 DAT 101 Lynn et al., 1987b
3.2 19 European USA 18–70 625 SPM 100 Raven et al., 1996
3.2 20 European USA 16–80 332 WAIS-3 101 Wycherley & Benjamin, 1998
3.2 21 European USA 4–14 2,097 PPVT 103 Michael, 2003
3.2 22 European Uruguay 12–25 1,634 SPM 96 Risso, 1961
3.2 23 European Zimbabwe 7 256 SB 100 Weyl, 1967a & b
4.1 1 African Cameroon Adults 80 CPM 64 Berlioz, 1955
4.1 2 African Cent. African Rep. Adults 1,149 SPM 64 Latouche & Dormeau, 1956
4.1 3 African Congo – Brazz. Adults 1,596 SPM 64 Latouche & Dormeau, 1956
4.1 4 African Congo – Brazz. 17–29 320 SPM 64 Ombredane et al., 1952
4.1 5 African Congo – Brazz. 88 73 SPM 73 Nkaya et al., 1994
4.1 6 African Congo – Zaire Adults 67 SPM 64 Verhagen, 1956
4.1 7 African Congo – Zaire 10–15 222 SPM 68 Laroche, 1959
4.1 8 African Congo – Zaire 8 47 KAB 62 Boivin & Giordani, 1993
4.1 9 African Congo – Zaire 7–12 95 KAB 68 Boivin et al., 1995
4.1 10 African Congo – Zaire 7–9 130 KAB 65 Giordani et al., 1996
4.1 11 African Equatorial Guinea 10–14 48 WISC-R 59 Fernandez-Ballesteros et al., 1997
4.1 12 African Ghana Adults 225 CF 80 Buj, 1981
4.1 13 African Ghana 15 1,693 CPM 62 Glewwe & Jacoby, 1992
4.1 14 African Guinea 5–14 50 AAB 63 Nissen et al., 1935
4.1 15 African Guinea Adults 1,144 SPM 70 Faverge & Falmagne, 1962
4.1 16 African Kenya Adults 205 CPM 69 Boissiere et al., 1985
4.1 17 African Kenya 6–10 1,222 CPM 75 Costenbader & Ngari, 2000
4.1 18 African Kenya 12–15 85 CPM/MH 69 Sternberg et al., 2001
4.1 19 African Kenya 7 118 CPM 76 Daley et al., 2003
4.1 20 African Kenya 7 537 CPM 89 Daley et al., 2003
4.1 21 African Kenya 6 184 KAB 63 Holding et al., 2004
4.1 22 African Madagascar Adults 147 CPM 82 Raveau et al., 1976
4.1 23 African Mozambique 20 149 CPM 64 Kendall, 1976
4.1 24 African Nigeria Children 480 Leone 70 Farron, 1966
4.1 25 African Nigeria Adults 86 SPM 64 Wober, 1969
4.1 26 African Nigeria 6–13 375 CPM 69 Fahrmeier, 1975
4.1 27 African Sierra Leone Adults 122 CPM 64 Berry, 1966
4.1 28 African Sierra Leone Adults 33 CPM 64 Binnie-Dawson, 1984
4.1 29 African South Africa 10–14 293 AAB 65 Fick, 1929
4.1 30 African South Africa 12–14 80 KB 68 Dent, 1937
4.1 31 African South Africa 6–13 1,726 DAM 70 Hunkin, 1950
4.1 32 African South Africa 8–16 1,008 SPM 75 Notcutt, 1950
4.1 33 African South Africa Adults 703 SPM 64 Notcutt, 1950
4.1 34 African South Africa 10–12 278 NVR 74 Lloyd & Pidgeon, 1961
4.1 35 African South Africa Adults 140 WISC-R 71 Avenant, 1988
4.1 36 African South Africa 5–13 415 DAM 77 Richter et al., 1989
4.1 37 African South Africa 9 350 SPM 63 Lynn & Holmshaw, 1990
4.1 38 African South Africa 16 1,096 SPM 63 Owen, 1992
4.1 39 African South Africa 15–16 1,093 JAT 68 Lynn & Owen, 1994
4.1 40 African South Africa Adults 153 WAIS-R 69 Nell, 2000
4.1 41 African South Africa 16 26 SPM 68 Sonke, 2000
4.1 42 African South Africa 14–17 152 WISC-R 67 Skuy et al., 2001
4.1 43 African South Africa 17 100 WCST 64 Skuy et al., 2001
4.1 44 African South Africa 8–10 806 CPM 67 Jinabhai et al., 2004
4.1 45 African Sudan 7–16 291 Various 69 Fahmy, 1964
4.1 46 African Sudan 6 80 DAM 64 Badri, 1965a
4.1 47 African Sudan 9 293 DAM 74 Badri, 1965b
4.1 48 African Sudan 8–12 148 SPM 72 Ahmed, 1989
4.1 49 African Tanzania 13–17 2,959 SPM 78 Klingelhofer, 1967
4.1 50 African Tanzania Adults 179 CPM 65 Boissiere et al., 1985
4.1 51 African Tanzania 11–13 458 WCST 72 Sternberg et al., 2002
4.1 52 African Uganda 12 50 Various 80 Vernon, 1969
4.1 53 African Uganda 11 2,019 CPM 73 Heyneman & Jamison, 1980
4.1 54 African Zambia 13 759 SPM 77 MacArthur et al., 1964
4.1 55 African Zambia Adults 152 SPM 64 Pons, 1974
4.1 56 African Zimbabwe 12–14 204 WISC-R 61 Zindi, 1994
4.1 57 African Zimbabwe 12–14 204 SPM 70 Zindi, 1994
4.3 1 African Barbados 9–15 207 WISC-R 80 Galler et al., 1986
4.3 2 African Brazil 9 100 DAM 70 Paine et al., 1992
4.3 3 African Brazil Adult 88 SPM 64 Paine et al., 1992
4.3 4 African Brazil 9–10 223 SPM 71 Fernandez, 2001
4.3 5 African Dominica 3 64 PPVT 67 Wein & Stevenson, 1972
4.3 6 African Jamaica 11 1,730 MH 72 Manley, 1963
4.3 7 African Jamaica 11 50 V,M,KB 75 Vernon, 1969
4.3 8 African Jamaica 5–12 71 WISC 60 Hertzig et al., 1972
4.3 9 African Jamaica 10 128 CEFT 75 Bagley et al., 1983
4.3 10 African Jamaica 15 31 WISC-R 67 Grantham-McGregor et al., 1994
4.3 11 African Jamaica 25 54 PPVT 60 Grantham-McGregor et al., 1994
4.3 12 African Jamaica 9–10 30 PPVT 71 Simeon & Grantham-McGregor, 1989
4.3 13 African St. Lucia 4 60 PPVT 62 Murray, 1983
4.3 14 African St.Vincent 8–11 174 CPM 71 Durbrow et al., 2002
4.4 1 African USA Adults 23,596 AA&B 83 Johnson, 1948
4.4 2 African USA Adults - AGCT 77 Loehlin et al., 1975
4.4 3 African USA Adults - AFQT 77 Loehlin et al., 1975
4.4 4 African USA 3–6 1,700 Various 87 Shuey, 1966
4.4 5 African USA 6–11 7,000 Various 85 Shuey, 1966
4.4 6 African USA 6–11 75,050 Various 85 Shuey, 1966
4.4 7 African USA 12–18 23,000 Various 85 Shuey, 1966
4.4 8 African USA 3–6 - Various 80 Osborne & McGurk, 1982
4.4 9 African USA 6–11 100,000 Various 87 Osborne & McGurk, 1982
4.4 10 African USA 12–18 16,000 Various 82 Osborne & McGurk, 1982
4.4 11 African USA 24 7,300 SRAT 85 Broman et al., 1975
4.4 12 African USA 4 12,029 SB 87 Broman et al., 1975
4.4 13 African USA 7 19,968 WISC 87 Broman et al., 1975
4.4 14 African USA 6–16 305 WISC-R 84 Kaufman & Doppelt, 1976
4.4 15 African USA 16–74 7,270 GATB 81 Avolio & Waldman, 1994
4.4 16 African USA 5–11 456 WISC-R 85 Mercer & Lewis, 1984
4.4 17 African USA 16–74 192 WAIS-R 85 Reynolds et al., 1987
4.4 18 African USA 14–22 3,022 AFQT 82 Herrnstein & Murray, 1994
4.4 19 African USA 2–12 311 KABC 93 Kaufman & Kaufman, 1983
4.4 20 African USA 3–18 932 PPVT 84 Dunn, 1988
4.4 21 African USA 12–23 210 SB-4 83 Thorndike et al., 1986
4.4 22 African USA 3 86 SB-LM 86 Montie & Fagan, 1988
4.4 23 African USA 37 502 Various 83 Nyborg & Jensen, 2000
4.4 24 African USA 6–16 338 WISC-3 85 Prifitera et al., 1998
4.4 25 African USA 11–93 241 KAIT 88 Kaufman et al., 1994
4.4 26 African USA 16–74 7,214 GATB 81 Avolio & Waldman, 1994
4.4 27 African USA 6–16 711 WISC-R 85 Kramer et al., 1995
4.4 28 African USA 3 33 SB-4 85 Peoples et al., 1995
4.4 29 African USA 70+ 833 MMSE 85 Zsembik & Peek, 2001
4.4 30 African USA Adults 806 Vocabulary 90 Lynn, 2004
4.4 31 African USA Adults 2,113 Literacy 86 Raudenbush & Kasim, 1998
4.5 1 African Britain 10 71 SB 88 Houghton, 1966
4.5 2 African Britain 11 476 VR 82 ILEA, 1967
4.5 3 African Britain 12–15 174 SPM/MH 88 Bhatnagar, 1970
4.5 4 African Britain 5–15 61 WISC 89 McFie & Thompson, 1970
4.5 5 African Britain 11 394 EPVT 86 Halsey, 1972
4.5 6 African Britain 4–5 9 WPPSI 104 Tizard, 1972
4.5 7 African Britain 5–10 548 EPVT 86 Payne, 1974
4.5 8 African Britain 10 143 NV5 73 Yule et al., 1975
4.5 9 African Britain 10 201 NV5 82 Yule et al., 1975
4.5 10 African Britain 5–10 548 EPVT 86 Little, 1975
4.5 11 African Britain 10 66 VR 85 Black Peoples, 1978
4.5 12 African Britain 7 139 EPVT 78 Phillips, 1979
4.5 13 African Britain 15 12,530 Reading 86 Mabey, 1981
4.5 14 African Britain 12 149 Vocabulary 85 Pumfrey, 1983
4.5 15 African Britain 8–12 205 NFER 87 Scarr et al., 1983
4.5 16 African Britain 10 88 CEFT 90 Bagley et al., 1983
4.5 17 African Britain 4 106 WPPSI 87 Blatchford et al., 1985
4.5 18 African Britain 11 74 NFER 89 Mackintosh & Mascie-Taylor, 1985
4.5 19 African Britain 10 125 NFER 94 Mackintosh & Mascie-Taylor, 1985
4.5 20 African Britain 14 250 NFER 88 Maugham & Rutter, 1986
4.5 21 African Britain 7–15 88 AH 92 West et al., 1992
4.5 22 African Britain 65–75 248 MMSE 89 Stewart et al., 2002
4.6 1 African Netherlands Children 110 GALO 86 De Jong & van Batenburg, 1984
4.6 2 African Netherlands Children 123 RAKIT 84 Resing et al., 1986
4.6 3 African Netherlands Children 77 RAKIT 88 Resing et al., 1986
4.6 4 African Netherlands Children 138 - 85 De Jong, 1988
4.6 5 African Netherlands 11 404 CITO 83 Pieke, 1988
4.6 6 African Netherlands Adults 535 GATB 85 Te Nijenhuis, 1997
4.6 7 African Netherlands Adults 129 GATB 85 Te Nijenhuis, 1997
6.1 1 South Asians and North Africans India 5–11 1,339 CPM 88 Gupta & Gupta, 1966
6.1 2 South Asians and North Africans India 14–17 1,359 SPM 87 Chopra, 1966
6.1 3 South Asians and North Africans India 12–14 5,607 CPM 81 Sinha, 1968
6.1 4 South Asians and North Africans India 5–10 1,050 CPM 82 Rao & Reddy, 1968
6.1 5 South Asians and North Africans India 15 3,536 SPM 84 Majumdar & Nundi, 1971
6.1 6 South Asians and North Africans India 10–16 180 SPM 79 Mohanty & Babu, 1983
6.1 7 South Asians and North Africans India 13 100 SPM 78 Agrawal et al., 1984
6.1 8 South Asians and North Africans India 9–12 748 WISC-R 79 Afzal, 1988
6.1 9 South Asians and North Africans India 5–12 500 CPM 86 Bhogle & Prakash, 1992
6.1 10 South Asians and North Africans India 11–15 569 SPM 82 Raven et al., 1996
6.1 11 South Asians and North Africans India 7–11 828 CPM 80 Barnabus et al., 1995
6.1 12 South Asians and North Africans India 7–15 8,040 SPM 88 Raven et al., 2000
6.1 13 South Asians and North Africans India 11–15 569 SPM 81 Raven et al., 2000
6.1 14 South Asians and North Africans Iran 15 627 SPM 84 Valentine, 1959
6.1 15 South Asians and North Africans Iran 14 250 AH4 83 Mehryar et al., 1972
6.1 16 South Asians and North Africans Iran 6–11 1,600 BG 89 Yousefi et al., 1992
6.1 17 South Asians and North Africans Iran 6–10 1,195 DAM 80 Mehryer et al., 1987
6.1 18 South Asians and North Africans Iraq 14–17 204 SPM 87 Abul-Hubb, 1972
6.1 19 South Asians and North Africans Iraq 18–35 1,185 SPM 87 Abul-Hubb, 1972
6.1 20 South Asians and North Africans Israel-Arabs 6–16 639 WISC-R 86 Lieblich & Kugelmas, 1981
6.1 21 South Asians and North Africans Jordan 6–12 210 KABC 84 El-Mneizel, 1987
6.1 22 South Asians and North Africans Kuwait 6–15 6,529 SPM 86 Abdel-Khalek & Lynn, 2005
6.1 23 South Asians and North Africans Lebanon 5–10 502 DAM 82 Dennis, 1957
6.1 24 South Asians and North Africans Nepal 4–16 807 DAM 78 Sundberg & Ballinger, 1968
6.1 25 South Asians and North Africans Pakistan 15 349 GEFT 84 Alvi et al., 1986
6.1 26 South Asians and North Africans Pakistan 6–8 140 SPM 84 Rahman et al., 2002
6.1 27 South Asians and North Africans Qatar 10–13 273 SPM 78 Bart et al., 1987
6.1 28 South Asians and North Africans Sri Lanka 8 46 CTMM 79 Strauss, 1954
6.1 29 South Asians and North Africans Syria 7 241 CPM 83 Guthke & Al-Zoubi, 1987
6.1 30 South Asians and North Africans Turkey 11–12 92 D 48 84 Kagitcibasi, 1972
6.1 31 South Asians and North Africans Turkey 6–15 2,272 SPM 90 Sahin & Duzen, 1994
6.1 32 South Asians and North Africans Turkey 7–9 180 DAM 96 Ucman, 1972
6.1 33 South Asians and North Africans Yemen 6–11 1,000 CPM 85 Al-Heeti et al., 1997
6.1 34 South Asians and North Africans North Africa Adults 90 SPM 84 Raveau et al., 1976
6.1 35 South Asians and North Africans Egypt 6–10 206 DAM 77 Dennis, 1957
6.1 36 South Asians and North Africans Egypt 12–15 111 CCF 81 Sadek, 1972
6.1 37 South Asians and North Africans Egypt 6–12 129 SPM 83 Ahmed, 1989
6.2 1 South Asians and North Africans Britain 11 43 VR 87 ILEA, 1967
6.2 2 South Asians and North Africans Britain 9–10 173 CPM 93 Dickenson et al, 1975
6.2 3 South Asians and North Africans Britain 10 149 VR 91 Black Peoples, 1978
6.2 4 South Asians and North Africans Britain 11 173 NFER 94 Scarr et al., 1983
6.2 5 South Asians and North Africans Britain 11 32 NFER 89 Scarr et al., 1983
6.2 6 South Asians and North Africans Britain 11 37 NFER 83 Mackintosh et al., 1985
6.2 7 South Asians and North Africans Britain 11 25 NFER 97 Mackintosh et al., 1985
6.2 8 South Asians and North Africans Britain 10 91 BAS 93 Mackintosh et al, 1985
6.2 9 South Asians and North Africans Britain 10 170 BAS 96 Mackintosh et al., 1985
6.2 10 South Asians and North Africans Britain 7–15 560 AH 88 West et al., 1992
6.2 11 South Asians and North Africans Britain 7–15 330 AH 87 West et al., 1992
6.2 12 South Asians and North Africans Britain 7–11 177 AH 87 West et al., 1992
6.2 13 South Asians and North Africans Australia Adults 111 SPM 89 De Lemos, 1989
6.3 1 South Asians and North Africans Germany 10–17 330 SPM 86 Taschinski, 1985
6.3 2 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands Children 177 RAKIT 78 Resing et al., 1986
6.3 3 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands Children 104 RAKIT 79 Resing et al., 1986
6.3 4 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands Children 177 RAKIT 75 Resing et al., 1986
6.3 5 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands Children 76 RAKIT 79 Resing et al., 1986
6.3 6 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands Children 106 GALO 83 De Jong & van Batenburg, 1984
6.3 7 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands 11 815 CITO 85 Pieke, 1988
6.3 8 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands 11 720 CITO 84 Pieke, 1988
6.3 9 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands 11 338 CITO 88 Pieke, 1988
6.3 10 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands 10 47 Otis/Cito 93 Van de Vijver & Willemse, 1991
6.3 11 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands 5–17 33 Son-R 84 Laros & Tellegren, 1991
6.3 12 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands 5–8 194 LPTP 85 Hamers et al., 1996
6.3 13 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands 5–8 194 LPTP 84 Hamers et al., 1996
6.3 14 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands Adults 167 GATB 84 te Nijenhuis, 1997
6.3 15 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands Adults 275 GATB 88 te Nijenhuis, 1997
6.3 16 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands 6–12 1,315 Arith 92 Driessen, 1997
6.3 17 South Asians and North Africans Netherlands 6–12 474 RAKIT 94 Helms-Lorenz et al., 2003
6.3 18 South Asians and North Africans Slovakia 5–8 728 CPM 83 Raven et al., 1995
6.4 1 South Asians and North Africans S. Africa 10–12 762 AAB 77 Fick, 1929
6.4 2 South Asians and North Africans S. Africa 18 284 GFT 88 Taylor & Radford, 1986
6.4 3 South Asians and North Africans S. Africa 6–8 600 JSAIS 86 Landman, 1988
6.4 4 South Asians and North Africans S. Africa 15 1,063 SPM 91 Owen, 1992
6.4 5 South Asians and North Africans S. Africa 15 1,063 JAT 83 Lynn & Owen, 1994
6.4 6 South Asians and North Africans Tanzania 13–18 727 SPM 91 Klingelhofer, 1967
6.4 7 South Asians and North Africans Fiji 8–13 140 QT 82 Chandra, 1975
6.4 8 South Asians and North Africans Malaysia 7–12 555 SPM 88 Chaim, 1994
6.4 9 South Asians and North Africans Mauritius 11 1,093 WISC 89 Liu et al., 2003
6.7 1 Jews Israel 13–14 200 WISC 95 Ortar, 1952
6.7 2 Jews Israel 11–15 267 SPM 95 Moyles & Wolins, 1973
6.7 3 Jews Israel 10–12 180 LT 97 Miron, 1977
6.7 4 Jews Israel 10–12 268 SPM 95 Globerson, 1983
6.7 5 Jews Israel 11 2,781 SPM 89 Lancer & Rim, 1984
6.7 6 Jews Israel 5 52 CPM 96 Tzuriel & Caspi, 1992
6.7 7 Jews Israel 9–15 1,740 SPM 90 Lynn, 1994a
6.7 8 Jews Israel 13 - SPM 96 Kozulin, 1998
7.1 1 Southeast Asians Indonesia 5–12 1,149 DAM 86 Thomas & Shah, 1961
7.1 2 Southeast Asians Indonesia 5–20 163 CPM 87 Bleichrodt et al., 1980
7.1 3 Southeast Asians Indonesia 4 139 PPVT 87 Soewondo et al., 1989
7.1 4 Southeast Asians Indonesia 6–8 483 CPM 87 Hadidjaja et al., 1998
7.1 5 Southeast Asians Laos 8 22 KABC 90 Boivin et al., 1996
7.1 6 Southeast Asians Laos 30 22 KABC 88 Boivin et al., 1996
7.1 7 Southeast Asians Malaysia 7–12 3,151 SPM 89 Chaim, 1994
7.1 8 Southeast Asians Malaysia 20 175 EFT 85 Kuhnen et al., 2001
7.1 9 Southeast Asians Philippines 12–13 203 SPM 86 Flores & Evans, 1972
7.1 10 Southeast Asians Singapore 13 190 SPM 93 Lynn, 1977b
7.1 11 Southeast Asians Thailand 8–10 2,268 SPM 91 Pollitt et al., 1989
7.2 1 Southeast Asians USA 6–14 140 PM 96 Porteus, 1937
7.2 2 Southeast Asians USA 10–14 305 NV 89 Smith, 1942
7.2 3 Southeast Asians USA 10 138 PMA 91 Werner et al., 1968
7.2 4 Southeast Asians USA 16 4,147 STAS 93 Brandon et al., 1987
7.2 5 Southeast Asians USA 9–25 263 Various 87 Flynn, 1991
7.2 6 Southeast Asians USA 6–10 84 NV 94 Tesser et al., 1999
7.2 7 Southeast Asians USA 12–16 391 SPM 94 Flynn, 1991
8.1 1 Australian Aborigines Australia Adults 56 PM 66 Porteus, 1931
8.1 2 Australian Aborigines Australia Adults 24 PM 59 Piddington & Piddington, 1932
8.1 3 Australian Aborigines Australia Adults 268 Various 58 Porteus, 1933a, 1933b
8.1 4 Australian Aborigines Australia Adults 31 AA/PF 69 Fowler, 1940
8.1 5 Australian Aborigines Australia Adults 87 PM 70 Porteus & Gregor, 1963
8.1 6 Australian Aborigines Australia 11 101 QT 58 Hart, 1965
8.1 7 Australian Aborigines Australia Adults 103 PM 74 Porteus et al., 1967
8.1 8 Australian Aborigines Australia 5 24 PPVT 62 De Lacey, 1971a, 1971b
8.1 9 Australian Aborigines Australia 6–12 40 PPVT 64 De Lacey, 1971a, 1971b
8.1 10 Australian Aborigines Australia Adults 60 CPM 53 Berry, 1971
8.1 11 Australian Aborigines Australia 3–4 22 PPVT 64 Nurcombe & Moffit, 1973
8.1 12 Australian Aborigines Australia 6–14 55 PPVT 52 Dasen et al., 1973
8.1 13 Australian Aborigines Australia 9 458 QT 58 McElwain & Kearney, 1973
8.1 14 Australian Aborigines Australia 13 42 SOT 62 Waldron & Gallimore, 1973
8.1 15 Australian Aborigines Australia 6–10 30 PPVT 59 De Lacey, 1976
8.1 16 Australian Aborigines Australia 25 22 CPM/KB 60 Binnie-Dawson, 1984
8.1 17 Australian Aborigines Australia 4 55 PPVT 61 Nurcombe et al., 1999
9.1 1 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 12–41 53 WB 91 Adcock et al., 1954
9.1 2 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 13 214 PMA 90 Walters, 1958
9.1 3 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 15 98 OTIS 82 Ausubel, 1961
9.1 4 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 11 18 WB 81 Ritchie, 1966
9.1 5 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 8–12 238 OTIS 85 Lovegrove, 1966
9.1 6 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 13–14 236 OTIS 81 Du Chateau, 1967
9.1 7 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 14 77 OTIS 84 Martin, 1969
9.1 8 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 5–7 80 Verbal 90 Clay, 1971
9.1 9 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 14 55 SPM 88 Codd, 1972
9.1 10 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 4–6 151 PIPS 96 St. George & St. George, 1975
9.1 11 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 9 211 SPM/VC 91 Harker, 1978
9.1 12 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 8–14 303 QT 95 St. George, 1983
9.1 13 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 10–12 130 TOSCA 90 St. George & Chapman, 1983
9.1 14 Pacific Islanders New Zealand 8–9 22 WISC-R 92 Fergusson et al., 1991
9.1 15 Pacific Islanders New Zealand Adults 103 VR 92 Guenole et al., 2003
9.2 1 Pacific Islanders Hawaii 6–12 105 Binet 85 Porteus & Babcock, 1926
9.2 2 Pacific Islanders Hawaii 10–14 302 NV 90 Smith, 1942
9.2 3 Pacific Islanders Hawaii 10–14 319 NV 82 Smith, 1942
9.2 4 Pacific Islanders Mariana Islands 6–16 200 Arthur 81 Joseph & Murray, 1951
9.2 5 Pacific Islanders Marshall Islands 12–18 407 CF 84 Jordheim & Olsen, 1963
9.2 6 Pacific Islanders Samoa 5–7 80 Verbal 90 Clay, 1971
9.2 7 Pacific Islanders Papua N. Guinea 17–18 152 SOP 82 Waldron & Gallimore, 1973
9.2 8 Pacific Islanders Cook Islands 4–6 110 PIPS 89 St. George, 1974
9.2 9 Pacific Islanders Fiji 12 76 QT 84 Chandra, 1975
9.2 10 Pacific Islanders Tonga 8–9 80 PAT 86 Beck & St. George, 1983
9.2 11 Pacific Islanders Papua N. Guinea 7–10 241 BG 83 Robin & Shea, 1983
9.2 12 Pacific Islanders Hawaii-Filipinos 16 3,507 STAS 89 Brandon et al., 1987
9.2 13 Pacific Islanders New Caledonia 5–10 96 KB 85 Cottereau-Reiss & Lehalle, 1988
9.2 14 Pacific Islanders Pacific Islands 9–17 65 SPM 88 Reid & Gilmore, 1989
10.1 1 East Asians China 6–16 660 WISC-R 107 Li et al., 1990
10.1 2 East Asians China 6–15 5,108 SPM 101 Lynn, 1991c
10.1 3 East Asians China 14–15 297 Various 103 Li et al., 1996
10.1 4 East Asians China 6–12 269 SPM 104 Geary et al., 1997
10.1 5 East Asians China 4 60 Arithmetic 109 Ginsburg et al., 1997
10.1 6 East Asians China 6–13 463 DAM 103 Cox et al., 1998
10.1 7 East Asians China 6–8 160 SPM 107 Goa et al., 1998
10.1 8 East Asians China 17 218 SPM 103 Geary et al., 1999
10.1 9 East Asians China 19 218 SPM 113 Geary et al., 1999
10.1 10 East Asians China 6–8 300 BTBC-R 107 Zhou & Boehm, 2001
10.1 11 East Asians Hong Kong 9–11 1,007 CCT 105 Godman, 1964
10.1 12 East Asians Hong Kong 16 5,209 AH4 106 Vernon, 1982
10.1 13 East Asians Hong Kong 10 1,000 SPM 109 Chan & Vernon, 1988
10.1 14 East Asians Hong Kong 6–13 13,822 SPM 103 Lynn, Pagliari & Chan, 1988
10.1 15 East Asians Hong Kong 6–15 4,500 SPM 110 Lynn, Pagliari & Chan, 1988
10.1 16 East Asians Hong Kong 10 197 SPM/PMA 108 Lynn, Pagliari & Chan, 1988
10.1 17 East Asians Hong Kong 9 376 CCF 104 Lynn, Hampson & Lee, 1988
10.1 18 East Asians Hong Kong 9 479 SPM 122 Chan et al., 1991
10.1 19 East Asians Hong Kong 15 341 APM 120 Lynn & Chan, 2003
10.1 20 East Asians Japan 5–15 1,070 WISC 102 Lynn, 1977a
10.1 21 East Asians Japan 35 316 WAIS 102 Lynn, 1977a
10.1 22 East Asians Japan 5–10 760 MFFT 107 Salkind et al., 1978
10.1 23 East Asians Japan 10 212 Kyoto 106 Lynn & Dziobon, 1980
10.1 24 East Asians Japan 8–11 97 WRAT-A 108 Tarnopol & Tarnopol, 1980
10.1 25 East Asians Japan 9 223 CEFT 112 Bagley et al., 1983
10.1 26 East Asians Japan 4–9 347 CMMS 107 Misawa et al., 1984
10.1 27 East Asians Japan 6–11 480 Various 105 Stevenson et al., 1985
10.1 28 East Asians Japan 6–16 1,100 WISC-R 103 Lynn & Hampson, 1986a
10.1 29 East Asians Japan 4–6 600 WPPSI 105 Lynn & Hampson, 1987
10.1 30 East Asians Japan 14 2,100 Kyoto 104 Lynn et al., 1987a
10.1 31 East Asians Japan 13–15 178 DAT 104 Lynn et al., 1987b
10.1 32 East Asians Japan 2–8 548 McCarthy 103 Ishikuma et al., 1988
10.1 33 East Asians Japan 6–12 142 K-ABC 101 Kaufman et al., 1989
10.1 34 East Asians Japan 16 175 A,MR,M 113 Mann et al., 1990
10.1 35 East Asians Japan 9 444 SPM 110 Shigehisa & Lynn, 1991
10.1 36 East Asians Japan 5–7 454 CCAT 109 Takeuchi & Scott, 1992
10.1 37 East Asians Japan 6–12 451 MAT 105 Tamoaka et al., 1993
10.1 38 East Asians Japan 14–15 239 Various 103 Li et al., 1996
10.1 39 East Asians Japan 6–17 93 Gen Info 100 Chen et al., 1996
10.1 40 East Asians Japan 19 72 GMRT 102 Flaherty, 1997
10.1 41 East Asians Japan 7–11 60 DAM 102 Cox et al., 2001
10.1 42 East Asians Japan 17 1,119 Gen Info 105 Evans et al., 2002
10.1 43 East Asians Singapore 13 147 SPM 107 Lynn, 1977b
10.1 44 East Asians Singapore 15 459 APM 114 Lim, 1994
10.1 45 East Asians South Korea 2–12 440 KABC 113 Moon, 1988
10.1 46 East Asians South Korea 9 107 SPM/PMA 109 Lynn & Song, 1994
10.1 47 East Asians South Korea 4 56 Numerical 103 Ginsburg et al., 1997
10.1 48 East Asians South Korea 6–16 2,231 WISC-3 100 Georgas et al., 2003
10.1 49 East Asians Taiwan 6–8 1,865 CPM 102 Hsu, 1971
10.1 50 East Asians Taiwan 9–10 1,384 SPM 110 Hsu et al., 1973
10.1 51 East Asians Taiwan 6–7 43,825 CPM 105 Hsu, 1976
10.1 52 East Asians Taiwan 8–11 193 WRAT-A 107 Tarnopol & Tarnopol, 1980
10.1 53 East Asians Taiwan 6–11 480 Various 104 Stevenson et al., 1985
10.1 54 East Asians Taiwan 6–8 764 CPM 105 Rabinowitz et al., 1991
10.1 55 East Asians Taiwan 6–11 169 Gen Info 100 Chen et al., 1996
10.1 56 East Asians Taiwan 9–12 2,476 CPM 105 Lynn, 1997
10.1 57 East Asians Taiwan 6–15 118 SPM 105 Lai et al., 2001
10.1 58 East Asians Taiwan 17 1,469 Gen Info 107 Evans et al., 2002
10.1 59 East Asians Taiwan 17 1,469 Gen Info 107 Evans et al., 2002
10.2 1 East Asians California 6–12 97 Binet 97 Yeung, 1922
10.2 2 East Asians Hawaii 9–13 513 Pintner 99 Symonds, 1924
10.2 3 East Asians USA 6–8 67 DAM 101 Goodenough, 1926b
10.2 4 East Asians Hawaii 12 408 PM 100 Porteus & Babcock, 1926
10.2 5 East Asians Hawaii 7–12 770 PM 103 Porteus, 1930
10.2 6 East Asians Honolulu 10–14 2,704 NV 99 Smith, 1942
10.2 7 East Asians Honolulu 10–14 3,312 NV 101 Smith, 1942
10.2 8 East Asians Honolulu 10–14 509 NV 102 Smith, 1942
10.2 9 East Asians USA 18 669 OSUT 96 Portenier, 1947
10.2 10 East Asians New York 6 80 Hunter 103 Lesser et al., 1965
10.2 11 East Asians USA 6–17 4,994 Various 100 Coleman, 1966
10.2 12 East Asians Hawaii 16 554 SCAT 96 Stewart et al., 1967
10.2 13 East Asians Kauai 9–10 253 PMA 98 Werner et al., 1968
10.2 14 East Asians Los Angeles 17 390 Various 99 Flaughter, 1971
10.2 15 East Asians California 11–15 90 Maps 103 Feldman, 1971
10.2 16 East Asians USA 6–11 32 WISC 101 United States, 1971
10.2 17 East Asians USA 18 150 Various 98 Backman, 1972
10.2 18 East Asians California 9 53 WISC 101 Yee & La Forge, 1974
10.2 19 East Asians California 6–11 478 Various 101 Jensen & Inouye, 1980
10.2 20 East Asians USA - 929 Various 99 Sowell, 1986
10.2 21 East Asians Hawaii 16 4,024 STAS 107 Brandon et al., 1987
10.2 22 East Asians California 6–11 254 Lorge-T 101 Flynn, 1991
10.2 23 East Asians California 10–12 234 Lorge-T 110 Flynn, 1991
10.2 24 East Asians California 10 155 SPM 104 Jensen & Whang, 1994
10.2 25 East Asians USA 14–22 42 AFQT 103 Herrnstein & Murray, 1994
10.2 26 East Asians USA 6–17 48 DAB 104 Lynn, 1996
10.2 27 East Asians USA 7 63 WISC 109 Rushton, 1997
10.3 1 East Asians Brazil 10 186 SPM 99 Fernandez, 2001
10.3 2 East Asians Britain 9 42 CEFT 107 Bagley et al.,1983
10.3 3 East Asians Canada 6–12 274 Pintner 104 Sandiford & Kerr, 1926
10.3 4 East Asians Canada 6–12 224 Pintner 95 Sandiford & Kerr, 1926
10.3 5 East Asians Canada 6–8 40 WISC 101 Peters & Ellis, 1970
10.3 6 East Asians Canada 6–8 85 WISC 101 Kline & Lee, 1972
10.3 7 East Asians Canada 15 182 Various 103 Vernon,1984
10.3 8 East Asians Malaysia 7–12 1,459 SPM 99 Chaim,1994
10.3 9 East Asians Netherlands 11 150 CITO 102 Pieke,1988
10.4 1 East Asians USA 6–14 37 Various 102 Winick et al., 1975
10.4 2 East Asians USA 6–14 38 Various 106 Winick et al., 1975
10.4 3 East Asians USA 6–14 37 Various 112 Winick et al., 1975
10.4 4 East Asians USA 3–4 25 PPVT 115 Clark & Hanisee, 1982
10.4 5 East Asians Belgium 10 19 WISC 110 Frydman & Lynn, 1989
10.4 6 East Asians Netherlands 7 36 RACIT 108 Stams et al., 2000
11.1 1 Arctic Arctic 6–11 469 DAM 89 Eells, 1933
11.1 2 Arctic Arctic 6–11 105 DAM 92 Eells, 1933
11.1 3 Arctic Arctic 6–9 174 CPM 94 MacArthur, 1965
11.1 4 Arctic Arctic 10–15 326 SPM 84 MacArthur, 1965
11.1 5 Arctic Arctic 25 122 CPM 78 Berry, 1966
11.1 6 Arctic Arctic Adults 186 CPMT 93 Kunce et al., 1967
11.1 7 Arctic Arctic 10 87 SPM 91 MacArthur, 1967
11.1 8 Arctic Arctic 11 50 MVK 90 Vernon, 1969
11.1 9 Arctic Arctic 6–12 380 WISC 91 Kaplan et al., 1973
11.1 10 Arctic Arctic 9–12 69 CPM 96 Taylor & Skanes, 1976a
11.1 11 Arctic Arctic 7 22 WPPSI 93 Taylor & Skanes, 1976b
11.1 12 Arctic Arctic 7–10 63 CPM 95 Taylor & Skanes, 1977
11.1 13 Arctic Arctic 7–14 366 WISC-R 91 Wilgosh et al., 1986
11.1 14 Arctic Arctic 5 110 CPM 92 Wright et al., 1996
11.1 15 Arctic Arctic 15 261 CCF/MH 86 Grigorenko et al., 2004
12.1 1 Native Americans USA 6–11 715 Otis 86 Hunter & Sommermier, 1922
12.1 2 Native Americans USA 9–13 1,102 National 69 Garth, 1925
12.1 3 Native Americans USA 5–9 961 Pinter/Nat 85 Haught, 1934
12.1 4 Native Americans USA 9–14 1,000 Otis 70 Garth and Smith, 1937
12.1 5 Native Americans USA 6–11 323 McArthur 88 Havighurst et al., 1944
12.1 6 Native Americans USA 6–13 205 CPM 93 Turner & Penfold, 1952
12.1 7 Native Americans USA 16–17 100 WAIS 86 Howell et al., 1958
12.1 8 Native Americans USA 6–15 281 SPM 85 West & MacArthur, 1964
12.1 9 Native Americans USA 8–17 4,994 - 91 Coleman, 1966
12.1 10 Native Americans Canada 6–14 124 CF 76 Gaddes et al., 1968
12.1 11 Native Americans Canada 12–14 137 SPM 94 Bowd, 1973
12.1 12 Native Americans Canada 5–11 111 CPM 92 Cropley & Cardey, 1975
12.1 13 Native Americans USA 6–20 160 WISC 90 St. John et al., 1976
12.1 14 Native Americans Canada 6–13 177 WISC-R 82 Seyfort et al., 1980
12.1 15 Native Americans USA 6–13 177 WISC-R 87 Teeter et al., 1982
12.1 16 Native Americans USA 6–12 236 WISC-R 94 McShane & Plas, 1984
12.1 17 Native Americans USA 6–16 200 WISC-R 93 Browne, 1984
12.1 18 Native Americans USA 13–15 124 SPM 87 Sidles & MacAvoy, 1987
12.1 19 Native Americans USA 6–16 1,129 SPM 93 Raven & Court, 1989
12.1 20 Native Americans USA 6–16 240 WISC-R 86 Reynolds et al., 1999
12.1 21 Native Americans USA 6–15 691 WISC-R 80 Beiser & Gotowiec, 2000
12.3 1 Native Americans Colombia 4 120 QR 84 Ginsburg et al., 1997
12.3 2 Native Americans Ecuador 6–7 48 DAM 89 Dodge, 1969
12.3 3 Native Americans Ecuador 17 120 WISC-R 88 Fierro-Benitez et al., 1989
12.3 4 Native Americans Ecuador 5–17 104 MAT 80 Proctor et al., 2000
12.3 5 Native Americans Ecuador 8 41 CPM 91 Counter et al., 1998
12.3 6 Native Americans Guatemala 6–12 256 DAM 79 Johnson et al., 1967
12.3 7 Native Americans Mexico 6–13 520 DAM 87 Modiano, 1962
12.3 8 Native Americans Mexico 6–12 197 DAM 92 Laosa et al., 1974
12.3 9 Native Americans Mexico 7–11 194 SPM 83 Lynn et al., 2005
12.3 10 Native Americans Peru 8–11 4,382 CPM 87 Raven et al., 1995
12.3 11 Native Americans Peru 6–7 300 WISC 85 Llanos, 1974
12.6 1 Hispanics New Mexico 6–12 100 Binet 89 Sheldon, 1924
12.6 2 Hispanics USA 6–12 367 DAM 87 Goodenough, 1926b
12.6 3 Hispanics California 6–13 2,025 SPM/LT/SA 91 Jensen, 1973
12.6 4 Hispanics California 6–12 644 CPM/PPVT 90 Jensen, 1974
12.6 5 Hispanics California 7–13 608 CPM/SPM 95 Jensen, 1974
12.6 6 Hispanics California 6–11 597 CPM 83 Raven, 1986
12.6 7 Hispanics Texas 6–11 434 CPM 94 Raven, 1986
12.6 8 Hispanics Texas 9–12 404 SPM 84 Raven, 1986
12.6 9 Hispanics USA 12–23 111 SB4 99 Thorndike et al., 1986
12.6 10 Hispanics USA 3–18 550 PPVT-R 87 Dunn, 1988
12.6 11 Hispanics Puerto Rico 8–15 2,911 SPM 84 Raven & Court, 1989
12.6 12 Hispanics Puerto Rico 5–11 2,400 SPM 83 Raven et al., 1995
12.6 13 Hispanics USA 20–90 37 K-BIT 93 Kaufman & Wang, 1992
12.6 14 Hispanics USA 14–22 3,120 AFQT 86 Herrnstein & Murray, 1994
12.6 15 Hispanics USA 11–93 140 KAIT 92 Kaufman et al., 1994
12.6 16 Hispanics USA 16–74 1,736 GATB 88 Avolio & Waldman, 1994
12.6 17 Hispanics USA 6–16 242 WISC-111 91 Prifitera et al., 1998
12.6 18 Hispanics Arizona 6–16 223 WISC-R 81 Reynolds et al., 1999
12.6 19 Hispanics USA 20–89 163 WAIS-111 92 Kaufman & Lichtenberger, 2002
12.6 20 Hispanics USA Adults - Meta-analysis 89 Roth et al., 2001