for references about Royal Crematorium for King Rama 9 of Thailand. http://kingrama9.th/MassMedia/EBookEN#../assets/custom/ebook/pages/EN/1 more http://www.kingrama9.th/EN/Palanquins
- Place
Contents 1Location and excavation 2Mortuary complex 2.1Layout 2.2Pyramid 2.3Substructure 2.3.1Pyramid Texts of Unas 2.4Valley temple 2.5Causeway 2.6Mortuary temple 2.7Cult pyramid 3Later history 4See also 5Notes 6References 7Sources 8External links
รหัสแสดงผล
Oscar Wilde | |
|---|---|
 Photograph taken in 1882 by Napoleon Sarony | |
| Born | Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde 16 October 1854 Dublin, Ireland |
| Died | 30 November 1900 (aged 46) Paris, France |
| Resting place | Père Lachaise Cemetery |
| Occupation |
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| Language | English, French |
| Nationality | Irish |
| Education | Portora Royal School |
| Alma mater | |
| Period | Victorian era |
| Genre |
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| Literary movement | Aestheticism |
| Notable works | |
| Spouse | |
| Children | |
| Relatives |
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| Signature | |
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Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900) was an Irish poet and playwright. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, he became one of London's most popular playwrights in the early 1890s. He is best remembered for his epigrams and plays, his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, and the circumstances of his imprisonment and early death.
Wilde's parents were successful Anglo-Irish intellectuals in Dublin. Their son became fluent in French and German early in life. At university, Wilde read Greats; he proved himself to be an outstanding classicist, first at Dublin, then at Oxford. He became known for his involvement in the rising philosophy of aestheticism, led by two of his tutors, Walter Pater and John Ruskin. After university, Wilde moved to London into fashionable cultural and social circles.
As a spokesman for aestheticism, he tried his hand at various literary activities: he published a book of poems, lectured in the United States and Canada on the new "English Renaissance in Art" and interior decoration, and then returned to London where he worked prolifically as a journalist. Known for his biting wit, flamboyant dress and glittering conversational skill, Wilde became one of the best-known personalities of his day. At the turn of the 1890s, he refined his ideas about the supremacy of art in a series of dialogues and essays, and incorporated themes of decadence, duplicity, and beauty into what would be his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1890). The opportunity to construct aesthetic details precisely, and combine them with larger social themes, drew Wilde to write drama. He wrote Salome (1891) in French while in Paris but it was refused a licence for England due to an absolute prohibition on the portrayal of Biblical subjects on the English stage. Unperturbed, Wilde produced four society comedies in the early 1890s, which made him one of the most successful playwrights of late-Victorian London.
At the height of his fame and success, while The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was still being performed in London, Wilde had the Marquess of Queensberry prosecuted for criminal libel. The Marquess was the father of Wilde's lover, Lord Alfred Douglas. The libel trial unearthed evidence that caused Wilde to drop his charges and led to his own arrest and trial for gross indecency with men. After two more trials he was convicted and sentenced to two years' hard labour, the maximum penalty, and was jailed from 1895 to 1897. During his last year in prison, he wrote De Profundis (published posthumously in 1905), a long letter which discusses his spiritual journey through his trials, forming a dark counterpoint to his earlier philosophy of pleasure. On his release, he left immediately for France, never to return to Ireland or Britain. There he wrote his last work, The Ballad of Reading Gaol (1898), a long poem commemorating the harsh rhythms of prison life. He died destitute in Paris at the age of 46.
1 Early life / ช่วงต้นของชีวิต
https://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiloves/earth/2018/Thailand https://tools.wmflabs.org/wikiloves/earth/2018
Life and Work •Early Life • Education • Accession to the Throne • Royal Engagement and Wedding • Royal Coronation • Royal Children • Wide-Ranging Talents - Photography - Music - Architecture - Painting - Literary Works - Craft Skills - Sculpture - Sports • Inventions and Innovations • Royally Initiated Projects • Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy • Pioneer in Many Areas of Development • Humanitarian Soil Scientist • Longest-Serving Monarch in Modern History • International Accolades • King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s Demise Ancient Traditions for the Royal Cremation Ceremony Royal Cremation of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej • Schedule for the Royal Cremation Ceremony • Composition of the Processions in the Royal Cremation Ceremony • Sandalwood Flowers • The Offering of Sandalwood Flowers by the People • Public Performances at Sanam Luang for the Royal Cremation Ceremony Contents Royal Crematorium and Supplementary Structures within the Sanam Luang Ceremonial Ground • Royal Crematorium (Phra Merumas) • Fire Screen (Chak Bang Phloeng) • Monks’ Pavilions (Sang, or Samsang) • Dismantling Halls (Ho Plueang) • Royal Merit-Making Pavilion (Phra Thinang Song Tham) • Government Officials’ Pavilions (Sala Luk Khun) • Pavilions Describing the Boundary of the Ceremonial Site (Thap Kaset) • Pavilions for Monks, Royal Doctors, and Court Officials (Thim) • Elevated Royal Pavilion at the Ceremonial Site (Phlap Phla Yok) • Enclosure (Rajawat) Supplementary Structures outside the Sanam Luang Ceremonial Ground • Transfer Platform (Koei, or Koei La) • Elevated Royal Pavilion in front of Wat Phra Chetuphon (Phlap Phla Yok Na Wat Phra Chetuphon) • The Royal Pavilion in front of Suddhaisavarya Prasad Hall (Phlap Phla Na Phra Thinang Suddhaisavarya Prasad Major Royal Regalia • Nine-Tiered Great White Umbrella of State (Nopphapadon Maha Sawetta Chat) Royal Urns • Outer Royal Urn (Phra Kot Thong Yai) and Inner Royal Urn (Phra Long, or Phra Long Nai) • Sandalwood Royal Urn (Phra Kot Chan) • Royal Reliquary Urn (Phra Kot Phra Borommaatthi) Royal Chariots and Palanquins in the Royal Cremation Ceremony • Great Victory Chariot (Phra Maha Phichai Rajarot) • Vejayanta Royal Chariot (Vejayanta Rajarot) • Small Royal Chariot (Rajarot Noi) • Royal Gun-Carriage (Rajarot Puen Yai / Rajarot Rang Puen) • Royal Palanquin with Four Poles (Rajendrayan Busabok Palanquin) • Small Royal Palanquin with Four Poles (Rajendrayan Noi) • Palanquin with Three Poles (Phra Yannamas Sam Lam Khan) • Lotus Petal Palanquin (Phra Saliang Klip Bua) • Waen Fa Minor Palanquin (Phra Saliang Waen Fa) • Naga Conveyor (Kroen Bandai Nak) Khrueang Sangkhet Sanam Luang and Significant Throne Halls and Temples • Sanam Luang • Dusit Maha Prasad Throne Hall • Chakri Maha Prasad Throne Hall • The Chapel Royal (Temple of the Emerald Buddha) • Wat Rajabopidh • Wat Bovoranives Traditional Uniforms in the Procession of Honour for the Royal Cremation Ceremony Commemorative Banknotes, Coins, and Stamps on the Occasion of the Royal Cremation Ceremony Main Press Center • MPC Operating Hours • Media Accreditation • Computer Operation at MPC • MPC Working Area • Media Advisory at MPC • Regulations for Photographers Operating at Camera Stands • Dress Code for the Media • Armbands • Additional Regulations Set by Special Branch Police • Locations for Filming/Photographing • International Broadcast Center[1]
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