Relative Speed
editI don't think it's accurate, but I've managed to get close to the actual numbers without knowing the actual formula needed.
Animal | Average Maximum Size | Recorded Speed | Body Length Speed (Speed/Size) |
Speed field | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human | 1.60 m (5.2 ft) | 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s) 18.00 km/h (11.18 mph) |
3.18 bl/s | Running | |
Peregrine Falcon | 0.58 m (1.9 ft) | 108.00 m/s (354.3 ft/s) 389.00 km/h (241.71 mph) |
186.21 bl/s | Flight-Diving | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the Peregrine falcon can reach speeds which are relatively 58.56× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 298.66 m/s (979.9 ft/s) or 1,075.176 km/h (668.083 mph). |
Golden eagle | 1.02 m (3.3 ft) | 67.00–89.00 m/s (219.8–292.0 ft/s) 240.00–320.00 km/h (149.13–198.84 mph) |
66-87 bl/s | Flight-Diving | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the golden eagle can reach speeds which are relatively 20.75-27.28× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 105.83–139.13 m/s (347.2–456.5 ft/s) or 380.988–500.868 km/h (236.735–311.225 mph). |
Anna's Hummingbird | 0.109 m (0.36 ft) | 27.29 m/s (89.5 ft/s) 98.27 km/h (61.06 mph) |
250.37 bl/s | Flight | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the Anna's Hummingbird can reach speeds which are relatively 78.73× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 401.54 m/s (1,317.4 ft/s) or 1,445.544 km/h (898.219 mph). |
Cheetah | 1.50 m (4.9 ft) | 30.40–33.53 m/s (99.7–110.0 ft/s) 109.40–120.70 km/h (67.98–75.00 mph) |
20.26-22.35 bl/s | Running | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the cheetah can reach speeds which are relatively 6.37-7.02× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 32.48–35.80 m/s (106.6–117.5 ft/s) or 116.928–128.88 km/h (72.656–80.082 mph). |
Hare | 0.61 m (2.0 ft) | 22.22 m/s (72.9 ft/s) 80.00 km/h (49.71 mph) |
36.42 bl/s | Running | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the hare can reach speeds which are relatively 11.45× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 58.40 m/s (191.6 ft/s) or 210.24 km/h (130.64 mph). |
Mite (Paratarsotomus macropalpis) |
0.0007 m (0.0023 ft) | 0.22 m/s (0.72 ft/s) 0.80 km/h (0.50 mph) |
314.29 bl/s | Running | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the mite can reach speeds which are relatively 98.83× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 504.05 m/s (1,653.7 ft/s) or 1,814.58 km/h (1,127.53 mph). |
Cockroach | 0.04 m (0.13 ft) | 0.80 m/s (2.6 ft/s) 2.70 km/h (1.68 mph) |
20 bl/s | Running | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the cockroach can reach speeds which are relatively 6.29× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 32.08 m/s (105.2 ft/s) or 115.488 km/h (71.761 mph). |
Hedgehog | 0.30 m (0.98 ft) | 1.78 m/s (5.8 ft/s) 6.44 km/h (4.00 mph) |
5.93 bl/s | Running | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the hedgehog can reach speeds which are relatively 1.86× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 9.49 m/s (31.1 ft/s) or 34.164 km/h (21.229 mph). |
Domestic Cat | 0.46 m (1.5 ft) | 13.41 m/s (44.0 ft/s) 48.28 km/h (30.00 mph) |
29.15 bl/s | Running | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the domestic cat can reach speeds which are relatively 9.17× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 46.75 m/s (153.4 ft/s) or 168.3 km/h (104.6 mph). |
Red Fox | 1.46 m (4.8 ft) | 13.89 m/s (45.6 ft/s) 50.00 km/h (31.07 mph) |
9.51 bl/s | Running | Assuming a human can run at 3.18 body lengths per second, the red fox can reach speeds which are relatively 2.99× faster than a human. Assuming a human can normally run at 5.10 m/s (16.7 ft/s), this would be the equivalent of a human running at 15.249 m/s (50.03 ft/s) or 54.8964 km/h (34.1110 mph). |
List of LGBT-related Slurs
editThe following is a list of LGBT-related slurs that are, or have been, used as insinuations or allegations about lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender and non-binary people, or to refer to them in a derogatory (that is, critical or disrespectful), pejorative (disapproving or contemptuous), or otherwise insulting manner.
Term | Language | Target Demographic | Meaning | Notes | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Queer | English | LGBT people | Fake or crooked | Has been largely reclaimed by many LGBT people. | [1] |
Bent | English | LGBT people | Crooked or wrong | [2][3] | |
Bender | English | LGBT people | Someone who twists something | [4] | |
Deviant | English | LGBT people | Wrong and different | [5] | |
Fruit fly | English | LGBT people | A person with many LGBT friends | [6] | |
Kteuy | Several Cambodian languages | Male bodied LGBT people who doesn't align with social expectations | May not be derogatory outside of Cambodia | [7] | |
Batty bwoy | Jamaican Patois | LGBT men | Effeminate man | Variations also used in Belize due to popularity of Jamacian music there. | [8][9] |
Sissy | English | LGBT men | Effeminate man | [10] | |
Girlie men | English | LGBT men | Effeminate man | [11] | |
Pansy | English | LGBT men | Effeminate man | [12] | |
Janus | English | LGBT men | Effeminate man | [12] | |
Sodomite | English | LGBT men | Man who has anal sex | [13] | |
Nancy | English | LGBT men | Effeminate man | [14] | |
Poof/Poofer | English | LGBT men | Effeminate man | [4] | |
Fairy | English | LGBT men | Effeminate man | [15] | |
Brownie | English | LGBT men | Man who enjoys being anally penetrated | [16] | |
Pillow-biter | English | LGBT men | Man who enjoys being anally penetrated | [17] | |
Bugger | English | LGBT men | Man who has anal sex | [18] | |
Cola | Chilean Spanish | LGBT men | "Tail", man who enjoys being anally penetrated | [19] | |
Dutchboy | English | LGBT men | Man who has many lesbian friends | [20] | |
Dyke tyke | English | LGBT men | Man who has many lesbian friends | [20] | |
Fudgepacker | English | LGBT men | Man who enjoys to penetrate anally | [21] | |
Stag hag | English | LGBT men | Man who likes to associate with gynephilic women | [20] | |
Fag stag | English | LGBT men | Man with many homosexual friends | [20] | |
Fag hag | English | LGBT women | Woman who likes to associate with androphilic men | [22] | |
Fish | English | LGBT women | "Fish" as in something smelling badly | Used by some gay men to refer to women | [23] |
Marimacho | Spanish | LGBT women | Masculine woman | [24] | |
Bæddel | English | Transgender or intersex person assigned male at birth | Term as a deragatory is largely out of use in the 21st century | [25] | |
Chaser | English | Someone who is, or is interested in being, in a relationship with a transperson | Implies that the interest only fetishistic | [26] | |
Fence-sitter | English | A Questioning person | [27] | ||
Khusra | Urdu | A male or man who lacks male reproductive organs | Used in Pakistan | [28] | |
Transa | Swedish | Cross-dressers | Cross-dressing person | [29] | |
Transvestite | English | Cross-dressers | Old word for cross-dresser | Often used for men. Similar words in other languages are the preferred term | [30] |
Quean | English | Cross-dressers | Drag performer | Originally meant "a woman of low morality" | [31] |
Mona | Spanish/Portuguese | Cross-dressing men | Cross-dressing man of any sexuality | Used in Brazil. Term as a deragatory is largely out of use in the 21st century | [32] |
Picha | Spanish/Portuguese | Cross-dressing men | Cross-dressing man of any sexuality | Used in Brazil | [32] |
Pondan | Malaysian | Cross-dressing men | Homosexual cross-dressing man | [33][34] | |
Tranny | English | Cross-dressing men | [35] | ||
She-Man | English | Cross-dressing men | [36] | ||
Mollie | English | Cross-dressing men | Old term | [37] | |
Okama | Japanese | Cross-dressing men | Cooking pot | [38] | |
Banci | Indonesian | Cross-dressing men | [39] | ||
Bencong | Indonesian | Cross-dressing men | [39] | ||
Hommase | French | Cross-dressing women | Woman who cross-dresses, "hewoman" | [40][41] | |
Sao lakkaphet | Indonesian | Cross-dressing women | Woman who cross-dresses | [42] | |
Onabe | Japanese | Cross-dressing women | Woman who cross-dresses | [38] | |
Hermaphroditi | Early Modern English | Cross-dressing women | Masculine woman who cross-dresses | Not used to refer to people with ambiguous genitalia | [43] |
Berdache | French | Androgynous people | "Boy prostitute" | Used by colonizers to refer to Amerindian androgynous people, often men | [44][45] |
Breck girl | English | Androgynous men | [46] | ||
Gynomorph | Greek/English | Androgynous men | "Female-shaped", referring to an animal | Term used in Ancient Greece to refer to male gods who looked female | [47] |
Gynaecomorph | Greek/English | Androgynous men | A male resembling a female in appearance | Often used for a male insect who looks female on the surface | [48] |
Monckko-Batatchas | Serbo-Croat | Androgynous women | Man in a skirt | [49] | |
Andremorph | Greek/English | Androgynous women | Male-shaped | Outdated | [50] |
Hermaphrodite | English | Intersex people | Having both sexes | [51] | |
True hermaphrodite | English | Intersex people | Having both female and male gonadal tissue | [52] | |
Hermie | English | Intersex people | Hermaphrodite, sometimes used in botany | [53] | |
Izak | Dari, Pashto | Intersex people | Someone without a distinct sex | Used in Afghanistan | [54] |
Scheinzwitter | German | Intersex people | A person with primary sex characteristics of one sex but also secondary sex characteristics of the other sex | Outdated term | [55] |
Pseudohermaphrodite | English | Intersex people | A person with primary sex characteristics of one sex but also secondary sex characteristics of the other sex | ||
Zwitter | German | Intersex people | Hybridization, "hermaphrodite" | [56] | |
Mittelding | German | Intersex people | "Middle creature" | [56] | |
Hybrid | English | Intersex people | A being with mixed origins | [57] | |
Gynandros | Greek | Intersex people | Female-male | Old term | [58] |
Gynandromorph | English | Intersex people | Female-male mix, someone who has sexual mosaic | Still used for insects | [59] |
Napumsakapandaka | Tamil | Intersex people | A person born without either male or female external genitalia | A kind of Pandaka | [60] |
Switchie | English | Intersex people | Name for someone with both genders | ||
Halfman | English | Intersex men | [61] | ||
Männliche Scheinzwitter | German | Intersex men | Male "pseudo-hermaphrodite" | [62] | |
Napumsaka | Tamil | Intersex men | A male who can not have sex due to absence of sexual organs sice birth | [60] | |
Futanari/Futa | Japanese | Intersex women | [63] | ||
Halfwoman | English | Intersex women | [61] | ||
Weibliche Scheinzwitter | German | Intersex women | Female "pseudo-hermaphrodite" | ||
Tranny/Trannie | English | Transgender people | Diminutive of transvestite or transgender | [64] | |
Genderbender | English | Transgender people | [64] | ||
HeShe | English | Transgender people | Often not derogatory within African American LGBT communities[65] | [35] | |
Transtrender | English | Transgender nonbinary people | Someone pretending to be transgender | Implies that one only claims to be non-binary for attention | [66] |
Cuntboy | English | Transgender men | [67][68] | ||
Hefemale | English | Transgender men | [69] | ||
Post lesbian | English | Transgender men | [70] | ||
Lost lesbian | English | Transgender men | [71] | ||
Shrimpdick | English | Transgender men | [72] | ||
Nelly | English | Transgender men | Feminine trans man | [65] | |
Shemale | English | Transgender women | Woman who's had top top surgery, but not bottom surgery[73] | May be used by trans sex workers | [74] |
Dickgirl | English | Transgender women | A woman with a penis | [68] | |
Ladyboy | English | Transgender women | [68] | ||
Chicks with dicks | English | Transgender women | [75] | ||
Mahu | Hawaiian | Transgender women | Hermaphrodite, masculine woman, feminine man | Was not originally offensive | [76] |
Shim | English | Transgender women | [77] | ||
Nonsexual | English | Asexual people | [78] | ||
Unsexual | English | Asexual people | [78] | ||
Amoeba | English | Asexual people | A type of single cell organism | Somewhat reclaimed | [79][80] |
Plant | English | Asexual people | [81][82][83] | ||
Prude | English | Asexual people | [68] | ||
Broken/Broke | English | Asexual people | [84] | ||
Waste | English | Asexual people | Implies an asexual is a waste of potential desirable genetics, or simply a waste to not be in a relationship or make anyone happy | [84] | |
Burned/Burnt | English | Asexual people | Implies an asexual simply abstain from relationships because they've had poor experiences | [84] | |
Hurt | English | Asexual people | Implies an asexual simply abstain from relationships because they've had poor experiences | [84] | |
Cishet | English | Asexual people | Implying asexuals are not LGBT when one is cisgender and heteroromantic | [85] | |
Virgin | English | Asexual men | Someone who has not had sex | [84] | |
Incel | English | Asexual men | Involuntary celibate | Implies that an asexual identifying man is just incapable of getting sex | [84] |
Volcel | English | Asexual men | Voluntary celibate | Implies that an asexual identifying man is just choosing to abstain from sex due to other reasons | |
Herbivore men | Japanese | Asexual men | Uninterested in sex, romance, or any other carnal pleasures | Most Japanese "herbivore men" are not actually asexual | [86] |
Gelding | English | Asexual men | Castrated male horse | [78] | |
Tease | English | Asexual women | [84] | ||
Frigid | English | Asexual women | Cold, unfeeling | [87] | |
Breeder | English | Heterosexual people | Someone who reproduces biologically | Used against any person in a relationship which can produce biological children | [88] |
Homo | English | Homosexual people | Homosexual | [89] | |
Homintern | English | Homosexual people | Homosexual advocate, member of the so-called "Gay Mafia" | Used during the McCarthyist scare | [90][91] |
Shirtlifter | English | Homosexual people | Homosexual person with an active sex life, not closeted or celibate | [92] | |
Invert | English | Homosexual people | [93] | ||
Faggot/Fag | English | Homosexual men | Homosexual man | [94] | |
Fjolla | Swedish | Homosexual men | Effeminate homosexual man | [95] | |
Machobög | Swedish | Homosexual men | Masculine homosexual man | [96] | |
Viado | Portuguese | Homosexual men | Feminine homosexual man | [97] | |
Bardash | English | Homosexual men | Man who is submissive during homosexual acts | Derives from an Italian word for a male prostitute | [98][99] |
Bakla | Several languages | Homosexual men | Used in the Philippines | [100] | |
Flamer | English | Homosexual men | Obvious homosexual | [12] | |
Fruit | English | Homosexual men | Homosexual man | [92] | |
Aestethe | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who bottoms | [92] | |
Moffie | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who bottoms | [92] | |
Ponce | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is unmasculine | [92] | |
Tapette | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | [92] | |
Steamer | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | [92] | |
Nola | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | [92] | |
Flit | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | [92] | |
Daffodil | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | [92] | |
Jocker | English | Homosexual men | Masculine homosexual man | [92] | |
Quean | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | [92] | |
Greek | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is masculine | [92] | |
Tonk | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | [92] | |
Lizzie | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | [92] | |
Wonk | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | [92] | |
Dorian | English | Homosexual men | Homosexual man, masculine and feminine | Has been reclaimed as the male equivalent to "Lesbian" | [92] |
Head Bender | English | Homosexual men | Masculine homosexual man | [92] | |
Poove | English | Homosexual men | A homosexual man who is not very masculine | Often used in prisons in the past | [92] |
Sod | English | Homosexual men | Homosexual man | [101] | |
Fairy | English | Homosexual men | Homosexual man | [102] | |
Dyke | English | Homosexual women | Lesbian, homosexual woman | Has been partly reclaimed by some women. | [103] |
Bollera | Spanish | Homosexual women | Lesbian, homosexual woman | [104] | |
Lesbo | English | Homosexual women | Lesbian, homosexual woman | [105] | |
Rug muncher | English | Homosexual women | A woman who performs cunnilingus | [106] | |
Flata | Swedish | Homosexual women | Lesbian, homosexual woman | Outdated and rarely used as a pejorative in the 21st century | [107] |
Bofe | Portuguese | Homosexual women | Masculine lesbian | Used in Brazil | [108] |
Camionheira | Portuguese | Homosexual women | Masculine lesbian | Used in Brazil | [108] |
AC/DC | English | Bisexual people | Goes both ways | Used in North America | [109] |
Bihet | English | Bisexual people | Bisexual in a straight relationship | Implies the bisexual is now heterosexual and no longer part of the LGBT community | [110] |
Switch hitter | English | Bisexual people | Doing it both right and left | Comes from baseball terminology for a player who bats both right and left handed | [110] |
Diet Gay | English | Bisexual people | Implying that bisexuals are pretty much the same as homosexuals | [111] | |
Passer | English | Bisexual people | Implies that bisexuals are privileged by being able to be in heterosexual relationships | [112] | |
Half-closeted | English | Bisexual people | Comes from the idea that bisexuals are just homosexuals who have not accepted it yet | [113] | |
Ambisextrous | English | Bisexual people | [114] | ||
Chameleon | English | Bisexual people | [114] | ||
Fifth Base | English | Bisexual people | [114] | ||
Flipp-flopper | English | Bisexual people | [114] | ||
Disease spreader | English | Bisexual men | Someone who spreads a disease | Comes from the idea that Bisexual men are responsible for spreading HIV/AIDS to heterosexuals | [115][116][117] |
Bislut | English | Bisexual women | Bisexual slut | Comes from the idea that bisexuals are more promiscuous | [118] |
Always Available | English | Bisexual women | Comes from the idea that bisexuals are more promiscuous | [114] | |
Unicorn | English | Bisexual women | Comes from the idea that bisexuals are more promiscuous and willing to have threeways | [119] | |
Lug | English | Bisexual women | "Lesbian until graduation" | Used against women who has had homosexual relationships in the past but is now with a man | [120] |
Hasbian | English | Bisexual women | [121] | ||
Fauxbians | English | Bisexual women | Fake lesbian, often for attention | Sometimes used against bisexual women | [122] |
Hipstersexual | English | Pansexual people | A hipster is someone who tries to be outside of the mainstream | [123] | |
Ambisexual | English | Pansexual people | [121] | ||
Preto | Swedish | Pansexual people | |||
Pretender | English | Pansexual people | |||
Pannie | English | Pansexual people | This word came from a book called "Lesbian without a Nation" | [124] | |
Hedonist | English | Pansexual men | Implies pansexual men are sexcrazed | [125][126] | |
Satyr | English | Pansexual men | Derived from satyriasist | Implies pansexual men are sexcrazed | [127][128] |
Nympho | English | Pansexual women | Shortened from the word Nymphomaniac | Implies all pansexual women are sexcrazed | [129] |
See also
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ MARISSA HIGGINS (February 4, 2016). "Is The Word "Queer" Offensive? Here's A Look At Its History In The LGBTQA+ Community". Bustle. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ "Labour claims MP's punishment for gay slur is 'confidential' - PinkNews · PinkNews". www.pinknews.co.uk.
- ^ "Celebrity Big Brother 2014: N-Dubz rapper Dappy warned by producers". The Independent. January 7, 2014.
- ^ a b Neil Chakraborti, Jon Garland; Hate Crime: Impact, Causes and Responses - page: 67
- ^ Didier Eribon; Insult and the Making of the Gay Self - page: 357
- ^ Eric Marcus; Making History: The Struggle for Gay and Lesbian Equal Rights, 1945-1990: An Oral History - page: 138
- ^ "Global Terms". digitaltransgenderarchive.net. Digital Transgender Archive. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ Scott, Julia (May 22, 2015). "The Lonely Fight Against Belize's Antigay Laws". The New York Times. Retrieved October 24, 2016.
- ^ Cayetano, Isani (April 9, 2014). "Transgender woman is stoned and beaten by an angry mob". News 5. Belize. Retrieved October 24, 2016.
- ^ Grant, J. (2014), The Boy Problem: Educating Boys in Urban America 1870-1970. Johns Hopkins University Press, New York, pp. 143-144. ISBN 978-1-4214-1259-7.
- ^ Joanna Grossman and Linda McClain (September 21, 2004). "The "Girlie Men" Slur and Similar Insults: How They Show the Persistence of Sex-role Stereotypes". FindLaw. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ a b c Ritch Williams-Savin; ...And Then I Became Gay"": Young Men's Stories - page: 31
- ^ The Eighteenth Century, Volume 46–47 - page: 175
- ^ Stephen Tropiano; The Prime Time Closet: A History of Gays and Lesbians on TV
- ^ Anthony Slide; Gay's the Word: Being a Brief History of the Secret Language of Homosexuality
- ^ Tom Dalzell, Terry Victor; The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English - 310
- ^ The Advocate, 16 August 2005 - page 104
- ^ http://thesis.honors.olemiss.edu/442/1/FINAL%20THESIS%204%20pdf.pdf
- ^ "Gay Dictionary | how to say gay in spanish | gay spanish | gay spain - Cola". www.moscasdecolores.com.
- ^ a b c d Louis R. Franzini; Just Kidding: Using Humor Effectively - page: 49
- ^ Veronica E. Bloomfield, Marni E. Fisher; LGBTQ Voices in Education: Changing the Culture of Schooling
- ^ Cathy Crimmins; How the Homosexuals Saved Civilization: The Time and Heroic Story of How Gay Men Shaped the Modern World
- ^ Jane Ward; Not Gay: Sex Between Straight White Men - page: 206
- ^ María Claudia André, Eva Paulino Bueno; Latin American Women Writers: An Encyclopedia
- ^ Lilith Esme (October 3, 2017). "Let's talk about Bæddelism". Medium. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ Tompkins, Avery Brooks (2 December 2013). ""There's No Chasing Involved": Cis/Trans Relationships, "Tranny Chasers," and the Future of a Sex-Positive Trans Politics". Journal of Homosexuality. 61 (5): 766–780. doi:10.1080/00918369.2014.870448. PMID 24294827. S2CID 9316028.
- ^ Mikki Van Zyl, Melissa E. Steyn; Performing Queer: Shaping sexualities, 1994-2004 - page: 127
- ^ Simi Kamal (September 2016). "Silent No More; Transgender Community in Pakistan: A Research Study" (PDF). af.org.pk. Aurat Foundation and Information Services Foundation; and US Aid: From the American People. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ Hatbrott 2006: En sammanställning av polisanmälningar med främlingsfientliga, islamofobiska, antisemitiska och homofobiska motiv
- ^ The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender
- ^ George Haggerty, Bonnie Zimmerman; Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures - page: 1112
- ^ a b Don Kulick (September 1997). "The Gender of Brazilian Transgendered Prostitutes" (PDF). engagingvulnerability.se. American Anthropological Association. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ The Culture-Bound Syndromes: Folk Illnesses of Psychiatric and Anthropological Interest - Page: 53
- ^ Eve E. Brooks (December 2009). "THE COASTAL ECUADORIAN TRAVESTÍ: AN ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL SPACE". fau.digital.flvc.org. Florida Atlantic University. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ a b Sociology of Sexualities - Page: 66
- ^ Kerrin P. Rowe. Third Language Dictionary
- ^ Julie Peakman; Amatory Pleasures: Explorations in Eighteenth-Century Sexual Culture - page: 25
- ^ a b Beyond Common Sense: Sexuality And Gender In Contemporary Japan - page: 358
- ^ a b Tom Boellstorff; A Coincidence of Desires: Anthropology, Queer Studies, Indonesia - page: 80
- ^ Kittredge Cherry (May 30, 2018). "Joan of Arc: Cross-dressing warrior-saint and LGBTQ role model". Q Spirit. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ Transgender warriors: making history from Joan of Arc to RuPaul - Page: 33
- ^ Speaking in Queer Tongues: Globalization and Gay Language
- ^ R. Gilbert; Early Modern Hermaphrodites: Sex and Other Stories - page: 77
- ^ Maxine Baca Zinn, Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo, Michael A. Messner; Gender Through the Prism of Difference - page: 511
- ^ James W. Messerschmidt; Flesh and Blood: Adolescent Gender Diversity and Violence - page: 145
- ^ Glenn Greenwald; Great American Hypocrites: Toppling the Big Myths of Republican Politics
- ^ David Hillman (2014). Hermaphrodites, Gynomorphs and Jesus: She-Male Gods and the Roots of Christianity. Ronin Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 978-1579511852.
- ^ Paul Convery; Inkhorn's Erotonomicon: An Advanced Sexual Vocabulary for Verbivores and Vulgarians Volume 1 - page: 104
- ^ Anthony Richard Ewart Rhodes; Where the Turk Trod: A Journey to Sarajevo with a Slavonic Mussulman - Page: 68
- ^ Kluwer B.V., 1962; Abstracts on Criminology and Penology Volume 2 - page: 527
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