| Occupation | |
|---|---|
Activity sectors | Government |
List of rulers to have held the title edit
Early Dynastic IIIb period (c. 2500 – c. 2350 BCE) edit
| Portrait or inscription | Ruler | Approx. date and length of reign | Succession and death details | Notes and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ikun-Mari | r. c. 2520 – c. 2473 BCE (≈47 years) |
Unclear succession | ||
.jpg){kind=small}
|
Ikun-Shamagan | r. c. 2473 – c. 2423 BCE (≈50 years) | ||
| Ishtup-Ishar | r. c. 2423 – c. 2400 BCE (≈23 years) | |||
| Iblul-Il | r. c. 2400 – c. 2359 BCE (+40 years) | |||
| Nizi | r. c. 2359 – c. 2356 BCE (3 years) | |||
| Enna-Dagan | r. c. 2356 – c. 2353 BCE (3 years) | |||
Proto-Imperial period (c. 2350 – c. 2300 BCE) edit
| Portrait or inscription | Ruler | Approx. date and length of reign | Succession and death details | Notes and references |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hidaʾar | r. c. 2353 – c. 2333 BCE (≈20 years) |
Unclear succession | ||
.jpg){kind=small}
|
Ishqi-Mari | r. c. 2333 – c. 2313 BCE (≈20 years) | ||
|
Ikun-Shamash | r. c. 2313 – c. 2308 BCE (≈5 years) | ||
| Ikun-Ishar | r. c. 2308 – c. 2300 BCE (≈8 years) | |||
Gallery edit
See also edit
References edit
Notes edit
Citations edit
Sources edit
Bibliography edit
Journals edit
- Marchesi, Gianni (2015). Sallaberger, Walther; Schrakamp, Ingo (eds.). "Toward a Chronology of Early Dynastic Rulers in Mesopotamia". History and Philology (ARCANE 3; Turnhout).
External links edit
Further reading edit
Geography edit
Language edit
- Black, Jeremy Allen; Baines, John Robert; Dahl, Jacob L.; Van De Mieroop, Marc (2024) [1997]. Cunningham, Graham; Ebeling, Jarle; Flückiger-Hawker, Esther; Robson, Eleanor; Taylor, Jon; Zólyomi, Gábor (eds.). "ETCSL: The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature". Faculty of Oriental Studies (revised ed.). United Kingdom (published 1997–2024). Retrieved 2024-01-25.
The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature (ETCSL), a project of the University of Oxford, comprises a selection of nearly 400 literary compositions recorded on sources which come from ancient Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) and date to the late third and early second millennia BCE.
- Renn, Jürgen; Dahl, Jacob L.; Lafont, Bertrand; Pagé-Perron, Émilie (2024) [1998]. "CDLI: Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative" (published 1998–2024). Retrieved 2024-01-25.
Images presented online by the research project Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI) are for the non-commercial use of students, scholars, and the public. Support for the project has been generously provided by the Mellon Foundation, the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), the Institute of Museum and Library Services (ILMS), and by the Max Planck Society (MPS), Oxford and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA); network services are from UCLA's Center for Digital Humanities.
- Sjöberg, Åke Waldemar; Leichty, Erle; Tinney, Steve (2024) [2003]. "PSD: The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary" (published 2003–2024). Retrieved 2024-01-25.
The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary Project (PSD) is carried out in the Babylonian Section of the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Anthropology and Archaeology. It is funded by the NEH and private contributions. [They] work with several other projects in the development of tools and corpora. [Two] of these have useful websites: the CDLI and the ETCSL.