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Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Epsilonproteobacteria
Order:	Campylobacterales
Family:	Helicobacteraceae
Genus:	Helicobacter
Species:	H. bizzozeronii
Binomial name
	Helicobacter bizzozeronii; Hänninen et al., 1996

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Helicobacter bizzozeronii (biz.zo'zero.ni.i), is a Gram-negative, nonsporulating bacterium found in the gastric areas, mucus and gastric glands, of canines. It was identified and named in 1996 by Marja-Liisa Hänninen et. al., who named it after Giulio Bizzozero, an Italian pathologist who was one of the first scientists to describe canine gastric spiral organisms. H. bizzozeronii has been isolated from gastric biopsies of dogs, and certain strains have been isolated from the gastric mucosa of human patients. This suggests possible zoonotic potential of H. bizzozeronii.

Microbiology edit

H. bizzozeronii is a spiral-shaped, Gram-negative, nonsporulating bacterium, between 5 to 10 micrometres long with a diameter of about 0.3 micrometres. The cells do not have periplasmic fibrils. H. bizzozeronii has ten to twenty sheathed flagella, present at both ends of each cell; all gastric Helicobacter species are highly motile due to flagella. It produces oxidase, catalase, and urease. It usually does not grow individual colonies on media, but instead grow as spreading films on fresh moist agar media. They best grow on fresh BHI blood agar. They also grow on Mueller-Hinton agar and nutrient agar supplemented with blood or horse serum. They also do not grow on media containing one percent ox bile, one percent glycine, or one and a half percent sodium chloride (NaCl). They grow at thirty-seven and forty-two degrees Celsius, but not at twenty-five degrees Celsius. Also, all H. bizzozeronii strains produce DNase.

Helicobacter bizzozeronii CIII-1 Strain edit

Helicobacter bizzozeronii CIII-1 is the human-derived strain of the Helicobacter bizzozeronii species. This strain is H. bizzozeronii is the only non-pylori gastric Helicobacter sp. cultured from human patients. The strain was first isolated from a forty-seven year old Finnish woman suffering from severe dyspeptic symptoms. The genome of H. bizzozeronii CIII-1 has been sequenced.

Genome edit

H. bizzozeronii consists of a large diversity of strains, and the genomes of one has been completely sequenced. The genome of the human-derived strain "CIII-1" consists of about 1.7 million base pairs, with 1,971 protein genes and 41 RNA genes. The genome also contains 1,894 protein-coding sequences (CDSs) in a coding area of ninety-three percent, with an average length of 851 base pairs. The G+C content of the genome is forty-six percent of the total. Thus, the genome of strain of H. bizzozeronii CIII-1 is similar in size and G+C content to other sequenced gastric Helicobacter species.

Study of the H. bizzozeroni genome is centered on attempts to understand pathogenesis, the ability of this organism to cause disease. It is unknown what the pathogenic siginficance of H. bizzozeronii is in dogs. In both human cases, however, it has been present with severe dyspeptic symptoms. It also seems to have connections to chronic active gastritis in humans. Knowledge of the role of H. bizzozeronii is limited with regards to human gastric disease.