| Point of Difference | kana / kanji | Kunrei-shiki | Nihon-shiki | Hepburn | JSL | Wapuro |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S-row | し | si (sya) | si (sya) | shi (sha) | si (sha) | |
| T-row | ちつ | ti tu (tya) | ti tu (tya) | chi tsu (cha) | ti tu (cha) | |
| H-row | ふ | hu | hu | fu | hu | |
| Z-row | じ | zi (zya) | zi (zya) | ji (ja) | zi (zya) | |
| D-row | ぢづ | zi zu (zya) | di du (dya) | ji zu (ja) | di du (dya) | |
| particles | はへを | wa e o | ha he wo | wa e o | wa e o | ha he wo |
| long vowels | ああ | circumflex | circumflex | macron; ii and ei in the case of words that come from Chinese or Japanese; doubled vowel for all except ei (e.g. supein) for modified Hepburn; many variations exist | hyphen or doubled vowel or ou, mimicing kana spelling | |
| geminates | っ | double next consonant | double next consonant | double next consonant; exception ch -> tch | double next consonant | |
| syllabic n | ん | n; n' before vowel or y | n; n' before vowel or y | n; n' before vowel or y; m before p, b, or m; always n or n' in revised Hepburn; always n-macron in modified Hepburn. | n; n' before vowel or y; nn in many IMEs |
Many variations exist in wapuro romaji, as most computer manufacturers have their own standard; there is in fact no official wapuro standard. Most manufacturers devise their own, adopting bits of other standards, and in internet chat, many people will improvise a version, usually relying on a close approximation between kana spelling and romaji spelling.