This is a page to store the notes on the effort to resolve the mess of epidemiology notation and terminology.
Main references
editSMM: Statistical methods in medical research (4 ed.) 20K gs citations
DoE: A Dictionary of Epidemiology (6 ed.) 6K gs citations
EBtB: Epidemiology: Beyond the Basics (4 ed.) 2K gs citations
EAI: Epidemiology: An Introduction (2 ed.) 2K gs citations
Affected pages
editshorthand | notation | Template:Medical research studies | synonyms | example | issues | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ARR | Epidemiology/methods: association: absolute | DoE, EAI, text: (negative) risk difference
DoE, text: (dual) absolute risk increase text: (negative) excess risk
|
RCT risk reduction RCT risk increase |
| ||
Relative risk reduction | RRR | , EER | Epidemiology/methods:
association: relative |
EBtB, text: efficacy
EAI, text: relative effect DoE, text: (dual) relative risk increase |
RCT risk reduction RCT risk increase |
|
Number needed to treat | NNT | Epidemiology/methods:
association: absolute |
- |
| ||
Number needed to harm | NNH | , EER |
Epidemiology/methods
association:absolute |
- | RCT risk reduction |
|
RR | Epidemiology/methods: association: relative | text: relative risk | RCT risk reduction |
| ||
Odds ratio | OR | , p1, X, n11, | Epidemiology/methods: association: relative | RCT risk reduction |
too much for me, I give up on this one | |
Attributable risk | - | text: excess risk | - |
| ||
Attributable fraction among the exposed | AFe | Epidemiology/methods: association: absolute | text: Attributable risk percent among exposed
text: Attributable fraction among the exposed text: Attributable proportion among the exposed text: Relative attributable risk text: Attributable risk among the exposed |
RCT risk reduction |
| |
Attributable fraction for the population | AFp | , , | Epidemiology/methods: association: absolute | text: Attributable proportion for the population
text: Population attributable proportion text: Levin's attributable risk text: Population attributable risk text: Population attributable fraction |
- |
|
PFu | Epidemiology/methods: association: absolute | - | RCT risk reduction |
| ||
Preventable fraction for the population | PFp | Epidemiology/methods: association: absolute | - | - | ||
Hazard ratio | HR | , , | - | - | ||
Rate ratio | - | - | text: Incidence density ratio | - |
| |
- | - | - |
| |||
Experimental event rate | EER | |||||
Absolute risk | AR |
Things to fix
editNotation
editHarmonize the notation, if possible staying close to dictionary of epidemiology (DoE):
Notation of the dictionary of the epidemiology:
- incidence rate among the exposed
- incidence rate among the unexposed
- incidence rate in the population
etc.
Terminology
editRemove ambiguous terms and align with the dictionary of epidemiology:
Attributable risk percent -> Attributable fraction among the exposed
Deprecate Attributable risk. Quote:
"attributable risk (Syn: causal risk difference) The risk of the outcome had everybody
in the population been exposed minus the risk of the outcome had everybody in the
population remained unexposed. [...] Unfortunately,
this term and attributable rate have been used to denote a number of different
concepts, including the attributable fraction for the population, the attributable
fraction among the exposed, and the rate difference."
Template
editName of the category Epidemiology/methods of the Template:Medical research studies is not ideal, and further subdivisions to "occurrence", "association:absolute", "association:relative", "other" is not adding much clarity.
It needs to be sorted out.
The general terms found in pages are:
epidemiological measuremeasurestatistical ratioway to quantify
A good candidate from the dictionary of the Epidemiology is:
"effect measure A quantity that measures the effect of a factor on the frequency or risk of
a health outcome or effect. Such measures include the attributable fraction, which
measure the fraction of cases due to a factor; risk differences and rate differences,
which measure the amount a factor adds to the risk or rate of a disease; and risk
ratios, odds ratios, and rate ratios, which measure the amount by which a factor
multiplies the risk, odds, or rate of disease. The identification of these quantities with
effect measures presumes that there is no bias in the quantity."
Worked example
editThe "ARR RRR worksheet" focuses on control vs target group, while in epidemiology I find exposed vs unexposed more frequently.
Also, target vs control does not allow for discussion about the population.
Also, the positive effect - negative effect distinction is slightly too heavy on the understandability.
Also, some formulas do not match the literature
Random notes
editWhat is this ?!
Related pages
- Incidence (epidemiology)
- Infection rate (duplicate of the above???)
- Prevalence