AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 7, 2007 12:44:09 PM PST}
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_CACNA1C_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 2be6.
| PDB = {{PDB2|2be6}}
| Name = Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit
| HGNCid = 1390
| Symbol = CACNA1C
| AltSymbols =; CACH2; CACN2; CACNL1A1; CCHL1A1; CaV1.2; MGC120730; TS
| OMIM = 114205
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 55484
| MGIid = 103013
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005216 |text = ion channel activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005245 |text = voltage-gated calcium channel activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005509 |text = calcium ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005516 |text = calmodulin binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005891 |text = voltage-gated calcium channel complex}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0014069 |text = postsynaptic density}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006811 |text = ion transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006816 |text = calcium ion transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008016 |text = regulation of heart contraction}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 775
| Hs_Ensembl =
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000710
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000719
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr =
| Hs_GenLoc_start =
| Hs_GenLoc_end =
| Hs_Uniprot =
| Mm_EntrezGene = 12288
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000051331
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009781
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033911
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 6
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 118557938
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 119023135
| Mm_Uniprot = Q0PCR4
}}
}}
'''Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit''', also known as '''CACNA1C''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes an alpha-1 subunit of a voltage-dependent calcium channel. Calcium channels mediate the influx of calcium ions into the cell upon membrane polarization. The alpha-1 subunit consists of 24 transmembrane segments and forms the pore through which ions pass into the cell. The calcium channel consists of a complex of alpha-1, alpha-2/delta, beta, and gamma subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. There are multiple isoforms of each of these proteins, either encoded by different genes or the result of alternative splicing of transcripts. The protein encoded by this gene binds to and is inhibited by dihydropyridine. Many alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CACNA1C calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=775| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Catterall WA, Perez-Reyes E, Snutch TP, Striessnig J |title=International Union of Pharmacology. XLVIII. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of voltage-gated calcium channels. |journal=Pharmacol. Rev. |volume=57 |issue= 4 |pages= 411-25 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16382099 |doi= 10.1124/pr.57.4.5 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO: Beginning work on CHGA... {November 7, 2007 12:44:45 PM PST}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 7, 2007 12:45:18 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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| update_summary = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Chromogranin A (parathyroid secretory protein 1)
| HGNCid = 1929
| Symbol = CHGA
| AltSymbols =; CGA
| OMIM = 118910
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 976
| MGIid = 88394
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_CHGA_204697_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005509 |text = calcium ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008021 |text = synaptic vesicle}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008217 |text = blood pressure regulation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 1113
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000100604
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001266
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001275
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 14
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 92459245
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 92471389
| Hs_Uniprot = P10645
| Mm_EntrezGene = 12652
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000021194
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_007693
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_031719
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 12
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 102956019
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 102966077
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3UN28
}}
}}
'''Chromogranin A (parathyroid secretory protein 1)''', also known as '''CHGA''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. It is found in secretory vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. This gene product is a precursor to three biologically active peptides; vasostatin, pancreastatin, and parastatin. These peptides act as autocrine or paracrine negative modulators of the neuroendocrine system. Other peptides, including chromostatin, beta-granin, WE-14 and GE-25, are also derived from the full-length protein. However, biological activities for these molecules have not been shown.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CHGA chromogranin A (parathyroid secretory protein 1)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1113| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Hendy GN, Bevan S, Mattei MG, Mouland AJ |title=Chromogranin A. |journal=Clinical and investigative medicine. Médecine clinique et experimentale |volume=18 |issue= 1 |pages= 47-65 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7768066 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Iacangelo AL, Eiden LE |title=Chromogranin A: current status as a precursor for bioactive peptides and a granulogenic/sorting factor in the regulated secretory pathway. |journal=Regul. Pept. |volume=58 |issue= 3 |pages= 65-88 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8577930 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Curry WJ, Barkatullah SC, Johansson AN, ''et al.'' |title=WE-14, a chromogranin a-derived neuropeptide. |journal=Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. |volume=971 |issue= |pages= 311-6 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12438141 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 7, 2007 12:48:20 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_GDNF_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1agq.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1agq}}
| Name = Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor
| HGNCid = 4232
| Symbol = GDNF
| AltSymbols =; ATF1; ATF2; HFB1-GDNF
| OMIM = 600837
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 433
| MGIid = 107430
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_GDNF_221359_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008083 |text = growth factor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005575 |text = cellular_component}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001657 |text = ureteric bud development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001755 |text = neural crest cell migration}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001759 |text = induction of an organ}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001941 |text = postsynaptic membrane organization}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006916 |text = anti-apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007422 |text = peripheral nervous system development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008150 |text = biological_process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030432 |text = peristalsis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0031175 |text = neurite development}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 2668
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000168621
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000505
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000514
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 5
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 37848536
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 37875539
| Hs_Uniprot = P39905
| Mm_EntrezGene = 14573
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000022144
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_010275
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034405
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 15
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 7758226
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 7784790
| Mm_Uniprot = Q6LEL9
}}
}}
'''Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor''', also known as '''GDNF''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a highly conserved neurotrophic factor. The recombinant form of this protein was shown to promote the survival and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in culture, and was able to prevent apoptosis of motor neurons induced by axotomy. The encoded protein is processed to a mature secreted form that exists as a homodimer. The mature form of the protein is a ligand for the product of the RET (rearranged during transfection) protooncogene. In addition to the transcript encoding GDNF, two additional alternative transcripts encoding distinct proteins, referred to as astrocyte-derived trophic factors, have also been described. Mutations in this gene may be associated with Hirschsprung disease.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GDNF glial cell derived neurotrophic factor| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2668| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Hofstra RM, Osinga J, Buys CH |title=Mutations in Hirschsprung disease: when does a mutation contribute to the phenotype. |journal=Eur. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=5 |issue= 4 |pages= 180-5 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9359036 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Martucciello G, Ceccherini I, Lerone M, Jasonni V |title=Pathogenesis of Hirschsprung's disease. |journal=J. Pediatr. Surg. |volume=35 |issue= 7 |pages= 1017-25 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10917288 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 7, 2007 12:56:57 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_PRKCI_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1vd2.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1vd2}}, {{PDB2|1wmh}}, {{PDB2|1zrz}}
| Name = Protein kinase C, iota
| HGNCid = 9404
| Symbol = PRKCI
| AltSymbols =; DXS1179E; MGC26534; PKCI; nPKC-iota
| OMIM = 600539
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 37667
| MGIid = 99260
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PRKCI_209678_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_PRKCI_209677_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_PRKCI_213518_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004674 |text = protein serine/threonine kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004700 |text = atypical protein kinase C activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005543 |text = phospholipid binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008270 |text = zinc ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016740 |text = transferase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0019992 |text = diacylglycerol binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000133 |text = polarisome}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005829 |text = cytosol}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045177 |text = apical part of cell}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006468 |text = protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006612 |text = protein targeting to membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007010 |text = cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007015 |text = actin filament organization}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007242 |text = intracellular signaling cascade}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016044 |text = membrane organization and biogenesis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016192 |text = vesicle-mediated transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0035089 |text = establishment of apical/basal cell polarity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042462 |text = eye photoreceptor cell development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045197 |text = establishment and/or maintenance of epithelial cell polarity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045216 |text = intercellular junction assembly and maintenance}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046903 |text = secretion}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5584
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000163558
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002731
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002740
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 171422919
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 171506458
| Hs_Uniprot = P41743
| Mm_EntrezGene = 18759
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000037643
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_008857
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_032883
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 31186625
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 31243615
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3TJJ5
}}
}}
'''Protein kinase C, iota''', also known as '''PRKCI''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. The PKC family comprises at least eight members, which are differentially expressed and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes. This protein kinase is calcium-independent and phospholipid-dependent. It is not activated by phorbolesters or diacylglycerol. This kinase can be recruited to vesicle tubular clusters (VTCs) by direct interaction with the small GTPase RAB2, where this kinase phosphorylates glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD/GAPDH) and plays a role in microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway. This kinase is found to be necessary for BCL-ABL-mediated resistance to drug-induced apoptosis and therefore protects leukemia cells against drug-induced apoptosis. There is a single exon pseudogene mapped on chromosome X.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PRKCI protein kinase C, iota| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5584| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Suzuki A, Akimoto K, Ohno S |title=Protein kinase C lambda/iota (PKClambda/iota): a PKC isotype essential for the development of multicellular organisms. |journal=J. Biochem. |volume=133 |issue= 1 |pages= 9-16 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12761193 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Fields AP, Regala RP |title=Protein kinase C iota: human oncogene, prognostic marker and therapeutic target. |journal=Pharmacol. Res. |volume=55 |issue= 6 |pages= 487-97 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17570678 |doi= 10.1016/j.phrs.2007.04.015 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
INFO: Beginning work on TNFRSF8... {November 7, 2007 12:44:09 PM PST}
AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 7, 2007 12:44:45 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 8
| HGNCid = 11923
| Symbol = TNFRSF8
| AltSymbols =; CD30; D1S166E; KI-1
| OMIM = 153243
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 949
| MGIid = 99908
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TNFRSF8_206729_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004888 |text = transmembrane receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008285 |text = negative regulation of cell proliferation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 943
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000120949
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001234
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001243
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 12046021
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 12126851
| Hs_Uniprot = P28908
| Mm_EntrezGene = 21941
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000028602
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009401
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033427
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 4
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 144535663
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 144581834
| Mm_Uniprot = Q60846
}}
}}
'''Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 8''', also known as '''TNFRSF8''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily. This receptor is expressed by activated, but not by resting, T and B cells. TRAF2 and TRAF5 can interact with this receptor, and mediate the signal transduction that leads to the activation of NF-kappaB. This receptor is a positive regulator of apoptosis, and also has been shown to limit the proliferative potential of autoreactive CD8 effector T cells and protect the body against autoimmunity. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TNFRSF8 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 8| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=943| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Schneider C, Hübinger G |title=Pleiotropic signal transduction mediated by human CD30: a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family. |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=43 |issue= 7 |pages= 1355-66 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12389614 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Horie R, Higashihara M, Watanabe T |title=Hodgkin's lymphoma and CD30 signal transduction. |journal=Int. J. Hematol. |volume=77 |issue= 1 |pages= 37-47 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12568298 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tarkowski M |title=Expression and a role of CD30 in regulation of T-cell activity. |journal=Curr. Opin. Hematol. |volume=10 |issue= 4 |pages= 267-71 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12799531 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Granados S, Hwang ST |title=Roles for CD30 in the biology and treatment of CD30 lymphoproliferative diseases. |journal=J. Invest. Dermatol. |volume=122 |issue= 6 |pages= 1345-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15175022 |doi= 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22616.x }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}