New Economic Matrix (portuguese: Nova Matriz Economica) is the name given to the economical and political policies conducted in Brazil starting in 2008, at the end of president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's second term (2006-2010), and perdured throughout his successor's (Dilma Rouseff) first term (2011-2014). It first started as a reaction to the 2008 international economic crisis that threatened to lower the ongoing upward brazilian economic trends and progressed into an ultra-keynesian experiment that forced the Brazilian central government to make illegal credit operations involving state-controlled banks (as later sentenced by the Tribunal de Contas da União) to keep government economic results artificially high prior to the brazilian general election of 2014, and that ultimately led to the Impeachment process against Dilma Rousseff in 2016, and is considered one of the strongest components that lead to a severe economic crisis starting in 2014.