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Women in motorsport

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Women have made significant impact in various facets of motorsport throughout history. They have been a core part of the sport as racers, engineers, team owners, test/development drivers, journalists, and team members. Despite their contributions, women remain a minority in all parts of motorsport[1], though the number of women in motorsport continues to increase.

History

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Early history

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The first motor race women competed in took place in 1897 on motorized tricycles.[2]

Women were not permitted to drive/race?? until [year]

Mary McGee (born 1936) was the first American woman to compete in motorsport. Lewis Hamilton executive produces a documentary film 'Motorcycle Mary' to be released in 2024?

Post WWII

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1950s

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1960s

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1970s

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1980s

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1990s

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2000s

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2010s

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Present day

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Formula One

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There have been five female drivers in the history of F1.[2] Maria Teresa de Filippis was the very first woman to compete in the Formula One World Championship.[2] Overall, she competed in 5 Formula One Grands Prix in 1958 and 1959.[3]

Lella Lombardi (born 1941) entered 17 Formula One Grands Prix.[4] She remains the only female driver to score points in the history of Formula One. Lombardi and Filippis are the only female drivers who have successfully qualified for an F1 race. Divina Galica[5] attempted to qualify for F1 races in 1976 and 1978, but failed. Desiré Wilson competed in one F1 Grand Prix, but did not qualify.[2] Giovanna Amati is the most recent woman to have entered F1.[6]

Susie Wolfe became a development driver for WIlliams in 2012.[5]

Only two women have taken the role of Deputy Team Principal for Formula One teams. Claire Williams was the Team Principal of Williams Racing from 2013-2020.[7]

[2024] Hannah Schmitz, Susie Wolff, Krystina Emmanouilides, Charlotte Phelps, Ruth Buscombe, Laura Winter

F1 Academy

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Formula 2

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Formula 3

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Sophia Florsch

F4

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Amna and Hamda Al Qubaisi[6]

Juju Noda[6]

Formula E

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Simona de Silvestro is a reserve driver for the TAG Heuer Porsche team.[3] De Silvestro was the first woman to score points in the series, which she did at the Long Beach ePrix.[6]

NASCAR

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Sara Christian [1949] was the first woman to qualify.[8]

Shawna Robinson, Jennifer Jo Cobb

Hailee Deegan is an inspiration in the present day, she's a rising star.[9]

IndyCar

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Maude Yagle, first female team owner in 1929.[10]

Janet Guthrie (born 1938) was the first woman to qualify for the Indianapolis 500 and also the Daytona 500.[2] Lyn St. James 1973. Five women have qualified for the Indy500.[2]

Danica Patrick [2005-2008ish][2] was the first and only woman to win an IndyCar race. [3]

Sarah Fisher [2001-2009ish] has the most starts for a female driver in the Indy500 and she is also known as the first woman to score a podium finish at the Kentucky Indy 300.[3][6] In 2002, Fisher was the first woman to test an F1 car.[5]

Beth Paretta is a team owner.[11]

24 Hours of Le Mans/FIA World Endurance Championship

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Leena Gade competed as an engineer for Jaguar.[4] She was the first female engineer to win the race at the 2011 24 Hours of Le Mans.

Odette Siko and Marguerite Mareuse introduced the first all-women crew joined the sport in 1930.[2] Kay Petre in 1930s

Margaret Allan[6]

Betty Haig and Yvonne Simon 1951[2]

Anny-Charlotte Verney finished 6th in 1981 and has the record (record is 10 starts) for the most starts in a race for a female driver.[12]

24h nurburgring Sabine Schmitz (nee Reck) [winner in 1996 and 1997][3]

Keiko Ihara was the first female Asian driver in the series when she competed in 2014.[13]

MotoGP

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Taru Rinne

Ana Carrasco

Maria Herrera

Tomoko Igata

Katja Poensgen

"Beryl Swain (the first to have taken part in a GP in 1962), Gina Bovaird, Inge Arends, Undine Krummer, Petra Gschwander and Daniela Tognoli."[14]

World Rally Championship / Rally Drivers

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Michele Mouton[4] [70s]

Anne Hall, Sylvia Osterberg, Ewy Rosqvist, Greta Molander, Annie Soisbault, Lucette Pointet, Claudine Trautmann. [50s and 60s].[2]

Denise McCluggage was a driver and journalist. She is a recipient of the Ken W. Purdy Award for excellence in automotive journalism.[8][15] [1954]

Pat Moss [1958-165ish][2]

Shirley Muldowney was a very successful rally driver in the 60s.[16]

Louise Aitken-Walker [1979]

Jutta Kleinschmidt [1987][2]

Vanina Ickx [1996]

Molly Taylor won the Australian Rally Championship in 2016.[3]

Initiatives

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W Series Championship

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Jamie Chadwick won all three seasons of the W series[3]. Danica Patrick voiced her objection to the creation of the series. It is now defunct, but Chadwick won all seasons from 2018-2021 [citation]

McLaren Applied Female Engineer of the Year award

Dare to be Different

NASCAR's Drive for Diversity (D4D) program.

FIA Girls on Track

Susie Wolff and Michele Mouton are ambassadors for FIA Women in Motorsport commission.[4]

Ladies' motorised tricycle race in 1897.[2] Madame Labrousse, Italy’s Countess Elsa d’Albrizzi, and in 1900, Miss Wemblyn. Camille du Gast, Dorothy Levitt, After the first World War, more opportunities for women to compete in motor racing became available.[2] [1920s] Maria Antonietta d’Avanzo, Eliška Junková, Hellé Nice [1929] set the world land speed record at the time.[8]

Three women have been inducted into the International Motorsports Hall of Fame. They are Louise Smith in 1999[17], Shirley Muldowney in 2004[18], and Janet Guthrie in 2006.[19]

Sexism in motorsport

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Motorsports remains a male-dominated sport, with [insert statistic]. There are issues with misogyny, sexualization, respect, and recognition.[20]

Maria Teresa de Filippis was barred from racing in the French Grand Prix at the decision of therace director because she was a woman.[3]

Simona de Silvestro was stopped by the United States customs officer from entering the country while she was in the 2011 IndyCar season.[21] The officer did not believe she was a racing driver.[6]

Women have an additional challenge in securing sponsorship compared to men involved in the sport [needs research]. There are also additional industry barriers for women.

The relatively small number of women in motorsport can be attributed to the sexism, sexual harassment, and overall misogynistic work environment.

Several male sports commentators and drivers have been outwardly negative towards the idea of women participating in motorsport. [find quotes].

Grid girls out of F1 after 2018

Active women in motorsports

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  • Susie Wolff
  • Hannah Schmitz
  • Abbi Pulling
  • Chloe Chambers
  • Doriane Pin
  • Aurelia Nobels
  • Maya Weug
  • Ruth Buscombe
  • Laura Winter

Maybe include??

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  • Pippa Mann
  • Kiem Tjong
  • Christina Nielsen
  • Katherine Legge
  • Brittany, Courtney, & Ashley Force[15]
  • Iron Dames
  • Yvette Fontaine
  • Lilian Bryner
  • Vicki Wood (born 1919)
  • Marie-Claude Charmasson
  • Erica Enders
  • Natalie Decker
  • María de Villota

See also

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[ARTICLES TO READ AND REFERENCE]

John M. Sloop, "Riding in Cars Between Men," Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies 2, no. 3 (September 2005).

Elizabeth Lick, Rashid Bakirov, and Tauheed Ahmad Ramjaun, "Female motorsport fan engagement on social media-based brand communities," Journal of Digital & Social Media Marketing 12, no. 1 (2024)

Ehren Helmut Pflugfelder, "Something Less than a Driver: Toward an Understanding of Gendered Bodies in Motorsport," Journal of Sport and Social Issues 33, no. 4 (2009).

Honorata Jakubowska, "The Awkward Gender Politics of Formula 1 as a Promotional Space: The Issue of 'Grid Girls,'" in The History and Politics of Motor Racing (2023)

  1. ^ Matthews, Jordan J.K.; Pike, Elizabeth C.J. (12 April 2016). "'What on Earth are They Doing in a Racing Car?': Towards an Understanding of Women in Motorsport". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 33 (13): 1532–1550. doi:10.1080/09523367.2016.1168811. Retrieved June 29, 2024 – via Taylor & Francis.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "WOMEN THROUGH THE DECADES". FIA.com. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Holding, Joe (8 March 2024). "Celebrating some of the fastest women in motorsport". Top Gear. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ a b c d Canazza, Ilaria (December 4, 2022). "5 women who have made motorsport history". Females in Motorsport. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  5. ^ a b c Braybrook, Rebecca (March 8, 2024). "History of female F1 drivers - including grand prix starters and test drivers". Autosport.com. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Gilboy, James (March 8, 2018). "Women in Motorsports: Their Past, Present, and Future". The Drive. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ Godding, Nicky (16 February 2023). "Claire Williams OBE appointed as Brand Ambassador for WAE Technologies". the business magazine. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ a b c "Notable Women in Motorsport: A Brief History". LeadershipGirl. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ "Women in Motorsports: Breaking Barriers and Making History". Speedway Digest. September 21, 2023. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ "Maude Yagle Is The Only Woman Ever To Win The Indianapolis 500". JALOPNIK. May 25, 2023. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  11. ^ "Women in Motorsports – The Race to Equality". Car Covers. October 26, 2023. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ Harris-Gardiner, Rachel (March 8, 2024). "THE TOP 10 FEMALE RACERS OF ALL TIME". Motorsport.com. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ^ Roberts, James (March 8, 2017). "6 pioneering women who made it big in motorsports". Red Bull. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ "Which women have scored points in the World Championship?". motogp.com. 1 Feb 2022. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. ^ a b "15 Incredible Women In Racing / Motorsport History". k1speed. March 16, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  16. ^ "History of Women in Motorsports". Medium. April 22, 2023. Retrieved June 28, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. ^ "Louise Smith, 89, First Woman in International Motorsports Hall of Fame, Dies". The Associated Press. April 18, 2006. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  18. ^ "NHRA legend Muldowney inducted into International Motorsports Hall of Fame". National Dragster. 45 (21): 6. June 18, 2024 – via ProQuest.
  19. ^ ""Class of 2006"". The News and Observer. Raleigh, North Carolina. April 28, 2006. pp. C7. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  20. ^ Kochanek, Jill; Davis, Megan; Erickson, Karl; Ferguson, David (7 November 2020). "More than "just a driver": A study of professional women racecar drivers' agency in motorsport". Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 52. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101838.
  21. ^ "US Customs refuses woman racecar driver entry". RT. 2 September 2011. Retrieved June 28, 2024.
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