Wikipedia

User:Nederlandse Leeuw/Textual variants in the PVL

< User:Nederlandse Leeuw

Textual variants in the Primary Chronicle manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to the text that is being reproduced. Textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle or Tale of Bygone Years (Old East Slavic: Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ, romanized: Pověstĭ vremęnĭnyxŭ lětŭ,[a] commonly abbreviated PVL[1]) has included study of its textual variants.

Legend edit

 
Genealogical scheme of the main Rus' chronicles[2][3]

Frequently used sigla (scribal symbols and abbreviations) of Primary Chronicle manuscripts and editions include:

Six main manuscripts[4][5][6]
Critical editions

List edit

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Note: Unlike the chapters and verses of the Bible used in biblical studies, textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle (PVL) employs notation by page and line.[b] For example, a notation such as "3.2" refers to the "third (3rd) page, second (2nd) line".

0 edit

 
Opening line of the PVL according to the Laurentian Codex (Lav) of 1377

0.1

Се повѣсти времѧньных лѣт.[12], Se pověstĭ vremęnĭnyx lět, 'These are the tales of bygone years.' – Lav Tro Byč Šax Lix[12][13]
повесть временных лѣтъ черноризца феѡдось|ева[12], pověstĭ vremennyx lětŭ čĭrnorizĭtsa Feodosieva, 'Tale of bygone years by the monk of Theodosius' – Rad Aka Ipa α[12][13]
Пѡвѣсти врѣменных лѣт. нестера черноризца.| федѡосїева [12], pověstĭ vremennyx lět. nestera čĭrnorizĭtsa Fedōsïeva, 'Tale of bygone years by the nestera[c] monk of Theodosius' – Xle[12][13]
Временникъ, еже есть нарицается лЂтописание, Vremennyky, ezhe esty narictaetsya lЂtopisanie, 'Bygone years, which is the name of the chronicle' – Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction[14]

0.2

манастыря печерьскаго,[15], manastyrja pečerĭskago,, 'from the Monastery of Pechersk (the Caves),' – Rad Aka Ipa Xle α[15]
omitted – Lav Tro Byč Šax Lix[15]

0.2–3

ѿкуду есть пошла рускаꙗ земѧ. кто въ киевѣ нача первѣе кнѧ<жит>, 'regarding the origin of the land of Rus', the first princes of Kiev' – Lav[16]
князеи и земля Руския, knyazej i zemlya Ruskiya, 'about the Rus' princes and land.' – Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction[14]

0.3

киевѣ нача[13][16], Kievě nača, 'of Kiev began' – Lav[17][16] Byč Šax Lix[16]
и како избра богъ страну нашу на послЂднЂе время, и грады почаша бывати по мЂстом, преже Новгородчкая Б волость и потом Кыевская, и о поставлении Киева, како во В имя назвася В Кыевъ., 'and how God chose our country for the last time, and the cities began to be in their places, first in the Novgorodian volost and then the Kyevan, and of the rise of Kiev, which was called by the name of Kyevû.' – Novgorod First Chronicle Younger Redaction[14]
omitted – all other manuscripts,[17] α[16]

9 edit

9.17

киевъ[18], kievŭ, 'Kiev' – Lav Tro Rad Ipa Byč Lix[18]
кыевь[18], kyevŭ, 'Kyev' – Aka Xle Šax α[18]

19–20 edit

Main article: Calling of the Varangians § Texts

19.14–16 Revolt

Въ лѣто 6370 вѣсташа Кривичи и Словѣне и Чюдь и Меря на Варягы и изгнаша а за море и не даша имъ давя и нача сами себѣ владѣти и городы ставити.[19], 'In the year 6370 Krivichi and Slovenes and Chud and Merya reached out to the Varangians, and banished them from the sea, refusing to give them anything, and began to rule themselves and set up their cities.' – Sofia First Chronicle
В лѣто 6370-е. Восташа Словяне и Кривицы и Чюдь и Мѣря на Варяги, и изгнаша их за море и не даша им дани, и начаша сами себѣ владѣти и городы ставити.[20], 'In the year 6370. The Slovians and Krivitsits and Chud and Marya rose up against the Varangians, and banished them across the sea and gave them no tribute, and began to rule themselves and set up their cities.' – Pskov Third Chronicle

19.16–18 Conflict

И не бѣ въ нихъ правды, и въста родъ на родъ, и бысть межи ими рать велика и усобица, и воевати начаша сами на ся.[19], 'And there was no righteousness in them, and clan against clan, and there was a great battle and strife between them, and they began to fight against themselves.' – Sofia First Chronicle
И не бѣ в них правды, восташа, и бысть промеж ими брань межеусобная. А царство Михаила царя Грекомъ и матери его Феодоры царицы, проповѣдавших иконное поклонение.[20], 'And there was no righteousness in them, they arose, and there was a war fought between them. And the reign of Michael the Greek tsar and his mother Theodora the queen, who both preached icon worship.' – Pskov Third Chronicle

19.18–20 Agreement

И рѣша сами къ себѣ: «поищемъ себѣ князя, иже бы володѣлъ нами, и рядилъ ны и судилъ вправду.»[19], 'And they resolved to themselves: "Let us look for a prince who will command us, and who will judge us righteously."' – Sofia First Chronicle
omitted – Pskov Third Chronicle[20]

19.20–24 Journey & ethnonym

При сего Михаила царствѣ, послаша за море къ Варягомъ къ Руси. Сице бо звахуся Варягы Русію, яко се и друзіи зовутся Нурмане, Агляне, иніи Кте; тако и си.[19], 'At this Michael's reign, they sent across the sea to the Varangians to the Rus'. For this reason the Varangians were called Rus', as the friends are called Nurmanes and Agliane, and the others Kte, as they are.' – Sofia First Chronicle
Послаша Словяне Чюдь к Варягом к Руси за море,[20], 'The Slovians sent Chud across the sea to the Varangians and Rus',' – Pskov Third Chronicle

19.24–20.3 Invitation

Рѣша Чюдь, Словѣне, Кривичи Варягомъ: «Вся земля наша добра есть и велика и изобилна всѣмъ, а нарядникъ въ неӥ нѣсть; поидѣте княжити и владѣти нами.»[19], 'With the Varangian(s), the Chud, Slovenes, [and] Krivichi resolved: "All our land is good and great and plentiful, but there is no guide in it; come and reign and rule over us."' – Sofia First Chronicle
и тако рекоша к Варягом: вся земля наша добра, а наряда в ней нѣтъ; пойдите княжите и владѣйте нами и судите право.[20], 'and thus they spoke to the Varangians: "All our land is good, but it has no order; come and reign and rule over us and judge by law."' – Pskov Third Chronicle

20.3–11 Arrival

И избрашася отъ Нѣмець 3 брата съ роды своими, и пояща сь собою дружину многу; и пришедъ старѣӥшіӥ Рюрикъ сѣде въ Новѣгородѣ, а Синеусъ, братъ Рюриковъ, на Бѣлѣозерѣ, a Труворъ въ Изборьсцѣ; и начаша воевати всюду. А отъ тѣхъ Варягъ находницѣхъ прозвашася Русь, и отъ тѣхъ словетъ Руськая земля; и суть Новгородьстіи людіе и до нынѣшняго дни отъ рода Варяжьска, преже бо бѣша Словѣни.[19], 'Three brothers came from the foreigners with their clans, and founded a great army; and the oldest Ryurikû came and settled in Novѣgorodѣ, and Syneusû, Ryurikû's brother, settled at Bѣlѣоzerѣ [White Lake], and Truvorû at Izbor'tsѣ; and they went on to fight at all places. And from those Varangians, who found the land, Rus' was named, and from those words the Rus' land; and the people of Novgorod' are still of Varangian lineage, before that they were Slovenes.' – Sofia First Chronicle
И избрашася от Варяг от Немецъ три брата с роды своими: Рюрикъ и Синеус и Тривор; и Рюрикъ сѣде в Новѣгороде, а Синеус на Белѣозерѣ, а Тривор в Словенскѣ. И от тѣх Варяг находница прозвашася Русь; и оттоле словет Руская земля. И по двою лѣту умроша брата Синеус и Тривор, и приятъ всю власть в Руси Рюрик.[20], 'And from the Varangians and from the foreigners three brothers with their clans were chosen: Ryurikû and Syneus and Tryvor; and Ryurikû sat in Novѣgorode, and Syneus by Belѣozerѣ ["White Lake"], and Tryvor in Slovenskѣ. And from that Varangian finder, Rus' was named; and from those words Rus' land was formed.' – Pskov Third Chronicle

20.11–19 Deaths

По двою же лѣту Синеусъ и братъ его Труворъ умре, и прія всю власть далъ Полтескъ, иному Ростовъ, иному Бѣлоозеро и прочимъ. По тѣмъ градомъ суть первіи населници: въ Кіевѣ Варязи, въ Новѣгородѣ Словѣни, въ Полотьстѣ Кривичи, въ Ростовѣ Меря, на Бѣлѣозерѣ Весь, въ Муромѣ Мурома. Тоже тѣми всѣми обладаше Рюрикъ.[19], 'Two years later Syneusû and his brother Truvorû died, and [he] gave another all the authority over Polteskû, another over Rostovû, and the rest over Bѣloozero. Hence, from the city, the original inhabitants were: in Kievѣ, the Varangians; in Novѣgorodѣ, the Slovѣnes; in Polot'stѣ, the Krivichi; in Rostovѣ, the Merya; at Bѣlѣozerѣ, the Ves'; in Murom, the Muroma. Ryurikû also possessed all those things.' – Sofia First Chronicle
И по двою лѣту умроша брата Синеус и Тривор, и приятъ всю власть в Руси Рюрик.[20], 'And in two years the brothers Syneus and Tryvor died, and Ryurik took all power in Rus'.' – Pskov Third Chronicle

23 edit

Main article: Askold and Dir § Primary Chronicle and Novgorod First Chronicle

26 edit

26.21

ко ѡлго|[ви] гл҃ѧ[21], ko Ōlgo[vi] glę, 'Oleg[22]' – Lav[21][22]
ко лвови гл҃ѧ[21], ko Lvovi glę, 'Leo[22]' – Rad,[21][22] Aka,[21][22]
къ лвови гл҃ѧ[21], kŭ Lvovi glę, 'Leo[22]' – Ipa,[21][22] Xle,[21][22]

29–32 edit

See also: Rusʹ–Byzantine Treaty (907)

32–37 edit

See also: Rusʹ–Byzantine Treaty (911) § Linguistics

46–53 edit

See also: Rusʹ–Byzantine Treaty (945)

75–76 edit

See also: Rogneda of Polotsk § Texts

84–121 edit

Further information: Conversion of Volodimer § According to the Primary Chronicle

84.18

бохъмичѣ[23], boxŭmichě, 'of Mohammedan[24] (Islamic)' – Lav[23]

135 edit

135.1

акъ | хулу имуще[25], akû xulu imuše, 'as though they have blasphemy[22]' – Lav[25][22]
аки хвалоу имѹще[25], aki xvalou imuše, 'as though they have praise[22]' – Rad,[25][22] Aka[25][22]
аки хвалу имуще[25], aki xvalu imuše, 'as though they have praise[22]' – Ipa[25][22]
акы хвалоу имѧще[25], aky xvalou imęše, 'as though they have praise[22]' – Xle[25][22]

151 edit

151.19

городъ, gorodŭ[26][27], 'citadel[28]' – Lav Ipa Xle (горѡд) Byč Lix[26][27]
градъ, gradŭ[26][27], 'citadel[28]' – Rad Aka (град) Šax α[26][27]

151.20

кыи, kyi[29], 'at Kyiv[28]' – Lav[29]
кыевъ, kyevŭ[26][29], 'at Kyev[28]' – Ipa Xle Byč[26][29]
omitted – Rad Aka Šax Lix α[26][27]

151.21

црк҃вь | ст҃ыꙗ. соѳьꙗ митрополью.[30], 'the metropolitan Church of St. Sophia[28]' – Lav Aka[30][28]
црк҃вь ст҃ыа софиа. и митрополью.[30], 'the church of St. Sophia. And (the) metropolitan [church].[28]' – Rad[30][28]
црк҃вь. ст҃ыꙗ | софьꙗ. премудрость б҃ию | митрополью.[30], 'the metropolitan Church of St. Sophia of divine wisdom[28]' – Ipa[30][28]
цр҃ковъ премѫдрѡс бж҃їю ст҃ыи соѳеи, митрополїю[30], 'the church of divine wisdom Saint Sophei, the metropolitan (one)[28]' – Xle[30][28]

152 edit

152.20

симонъ[31][22], Simonŭ, 'Simon[22]' – Lav[31][22]
соломонъ[31][22], Solomonŭ, 'Solomon[22]' – Aka,[31][22] Ipa,[31][22] Rad (соломнъ),[31][22] Xle (солѡмонъ)[31][22] Byč,[31] Šax,[31] Lix,[31] α[31]

218 edit

218.20–21

имѣю отрокъ своих· ѱ҃· иже могу|ть про[ти]ву имъ стати·[32], iměju otrokŭ svoix· ps· iže mogu tĭ pro[ti]vu imŭ stati·, 'I have about 700 of my men who can stand against them.[33]' – Lav,[32][33] Bychkov,[33] Karski,[33] Likhachev[33]
имѣю ѿрокъ своих· ѿ иже могѹ|ть имъ противоу стать.[32], iměju ō͡trokŭ svoix· ō iže mogu tĭ imŭ protivou statĭ., 'I have about 800 of my men who can stand against them.[33]' – Rad[32][33]
имѣꙗ ѡтрокъ своих| ·ѿ· иже могѹть имь противѹ стати·[32], iměja ōtrokŭ svoix ·ō· iže mogutĭ imŭ protivu stati., 'I have about 800 of my men who can stand against them.[33]' – Aka[32][33]
имѣю ѡтро|къ своихъ· ·и҃·сот· иже мо|гуть [имъ] противу имъ ста|ти·[32], iměju ōtrokŭ svoixŭ· ·i·sot· iže mogutĭ [imŭ] protivu sta ti, 'I have about 8 hundred of my men who can stand against them[33]' – Ipa[32][33]
имѣю | отрѡк своих. ѡсмь сот. иже могоут противоу им сттаи.[32], iměju otrōk svoix. vos[e]mŭ sot. iže mogout protivou im sttai., 'I have about eight hundred of my men who can stand against them[33]' – Xle[32][33]

235 edit

235.20

меѳоди папа римскыи·[34][22], Methodi papa Rimskyi·, 'Methodius the Pope of Rome[22]' – Lav[34][22]
мефодїи патариискы·̏и·[34][22], Methodïi Patariiskyi, 'Methodius of Patara[22]' – Aka[34][22]
меѳдии патариискыи[34], Methdii Patariiskyi, 'Methdius of Patara[22]' – Rad[34]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Belarusian: Аповесць мінулых часоў, romanized: Apoviesć minulych časoŭ; Russian: Повесть временных лет, romanized: Povest' vremennykh let; Ukrainian: Повість минулих літ, romanized: Povist' mynulykh lit
  2. ^ "Examples are quoted here as they appear in the Laurentian manuscript and are taken from the 1950 Academy of Sciences edition of the Povest' vremennyx let. Numbers in parentheses indicate the location (page and line number) of each example in Volume I of the Academy of Sciences edition."[11]
  3. ^ Some readers have taken the word нестера to refer to Nestor the Chronicler, but Ostrowski (1981) pointed out: 'The word нестера was added in [the Khlebnikov Codex], and thus cannot be used as evidence for the name of the compiler of the PVL.'[13]

References edit

  1. ^ Lunt 1988, p. 251.
  2. ^ Yakov Lurie, The history of Russia in the chronicle and perception of the New time// Old Rus' and New Russia: (favorites). SPb. : Dmitry Bulanin (publishing house), 1997.
  3. ^ The dictionary of scribes and booklore of Old Rus' / Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushkin House ; ed. Dmitry Likhachev. L. : Nauka, 1987—2017.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Gippius 2014, p. 342.
  5. ^ Ostrowski 1981, pp. 11–12.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Lunt 1994, p. 10.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, e-PVL.
  8. ^ Dimnik 2004, p. 257.
  9. ^ a b Ostrowski 1981, p. 12.
  10. ^ a b Dimnik 2004, p. 256.
  11. ^ Frink, O. (1964). "Negation and Case Selection in the Laurentian Primary Chronicle". The Slavic and East European Journal. 8 (3). American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages: 302–307. doi:10.2307/304221. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  12. ^ a b c d e f Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 0.1.
  13. ^ a b c d e Ostrowski 1981, p. 28.
  14. ^ a b c Izbornyk 2001.
  15. ^ a b c Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 0.2.
  16. ^ a b c d e Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 0.3.
  17. ^ a b Ostrowski 1981, pp. 28–29.
  18. ^ a b c d Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 9.17.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g Софийская 1851, p. 88.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g Nasonov 1955.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 26.1.
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Lunt 1994, p. 22.
  23. ^ a b Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 84.18.
  24. ^ Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor 1953, p. 96.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 135.1.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g Lunt 1988, p. 253.
  27. ^ a b c d e Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 151.19.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Lunt 1988, p. 254.
  29. ^ a b c d Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 151.20.
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 151.21.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 152.20.
  32. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 218.20–21.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Ostrowski 1981, p. 19.
  34. ^ a b c d e f Ostrowski & Birnbaum 2014, 235.20.

Bibliography edit

Primary sources edit

Literature edit

Further reading edit


Category:Primary Chronicle textual witnesses Category:Old East Slavic manuscripts Category:Old East Slavic chronicles Category:Old Church Slavonic literature

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Nederlandse_Leeuw/Textual_variants_in_the_PVL&oldid=1219742200"