 | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Protonix, others[1] |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a601246 |
| License data |
|
| Pregnancy category |
|
| Routes of administration | By mouth and intravenous |
| Drug class | Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)[3] |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 77% |
| Metabolism | Liver (CYP2C19) |
| Elimination half-life | 1-2 hours |
| Excretion | Urine, Feces |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C16H15F2N3O4S |
| Molar mass | 383.37 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Chirality | Racemic |
| |
| |
| (verify) | |
Pantoprazole, sold under the brand name Protonix among others, is a medication used for the treatment of stomach ulcers, short-term treatment of erosive esophagitis due to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), maintenance of healing of erosive esophagitis, and pathological hypersecretory conditions including Zollinger–Ellison syndrome.[3] It may also be used along with other medications to eliminate Helicobacter pylori.[6] Effectiveness is similar to other proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).[7] It is available by mouth and by injection into a vein.[3]
Common side effects include headaches, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and joint pain.[3] More serious side effects may include severe allergic reactions, a type of chronic inflammation known as atrophic gastritis, Clostridium difficile colitis, low magnesium, and vitamin B12 deficiency.[3] Use in pregnancy appears to be safe.[3] Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that decreases gastric acid secretion.[3] It works by inactivating (H+/K+)-ATPase function in the stomach.[8][3]
Study of pantoprazole began in 1985, and it came into medical use in Germany in 1994.[9] It is available as a generic medication.[3] As of 2018, the wholesale cost of the pills in the United States is less than US$0.10 per dose.[10] In the United Kingdom, this amount costs less than 0.05 pounds, while the intravenous formulation costs about five pounds per dose.[6] In 2017, it was the 19th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 27 million prescriptions.[11][12]
References edit
- ^ "Pantoprazole international brand names". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
- ^ a b "Pantoprazole Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 26 June 2018. Archived from the original on 24 June 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Pantoprazole Sodium Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 29 October 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
- ^ "Pantoprazole 20mg gastro-resistant tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 25 November 2019. Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
- ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
- ^ a b British national formulary : BNF 74 (74 ed.). British Medical Association. 2017. p. 79. ISBN 978-0857112989.
- ^ "[99] Comparative effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors". Therapeutics Initiative. 28 June 2016. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
- ^ Richardson P, Hawkey CJ, Stack WA (September 1998). "Proton pump inhibitors. Pharmacology and rationale for use in gastrointestinal disorders". Drugs. 56 (3): 307–35. doi:10.2165/00003495-199856030-00002. PMID 9777309. S2CID 46962618.
- ^ Fischer, János; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 130. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
- ^ "NADAC as of 2018-10-24". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 24 June 2019. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ^ "Pantoprazole Sodium - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.