| Keratosis pilaris | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Follicular keratosis, lichen pilaris, chicken skin[1] |
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| Keratosis pilaris as seen on the calf | |
| Specialty | Dermatology |
| Symptoms | Painless red bumpy skin[2] |
| Usual onset | Early childhood[2] |
| Duration | Long term[3] |
| Risk factors | Obesity, atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis vulgaris, pregnancy, diabetes[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms and examination[2] |
| Differential diagnosis | Acne, folliculitis, atopic dermatitis, milia, scurvy[2] |
| Treatment | Moisturizers, creams that include lactic acid or salicylic acid, phototherapy[1][2] |
| Prognosis | Not serious[2] |
| Frequency | Common[3] Female > male[4] |
Keratosis pilaris (KP) is a condition that results in red bumpy skin.[3] There is generally no pain or itchiness.[2] The most commonly affected areas are the back of the upper arms, thighs, and buttocks.[2] Less frequently the face, chest, or forearms may be involved.[2] Often it gets better during the summer and worse during the winter.[2] It may result in psychological distress.[2]
KP has an autosomal dominant genetic inheritance.[2] It is associated with obesity, atopic dermatitis, ichthyosis vulgaris, pregnancy, diabetes, and rarely cancer.[1] It may also be associated with a number of genetic syndromes.[1] The underlying mechanism is not completely understood.[2] Proposals include that it is an abnormality in the process of depositing the keratin in hair follicles, abnormalities in the hair shaft, or both.[1] Diagnosis is usually based on the skin's appearance; however, dermoscopy may be useful in unclear cases.[1][2]
There is no cure; though, the condition often improves with time.[2] Treatments may improve the appearance.[2] This may include applying moisturizers and medications such as lactic acid, salicylic acid, urea, or retinoids to the skin.[1] Fractional carbon dioxide lasers and Nd:YAG laser therapies may also be tried.[1] The condition is common.[3][4]Onset is often in later childhood with up to 80% affected, with it still present in about 40% of adults.[2] Though others report rates of 0.8% to 34% of the population.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wang, JF; Orlow, SJ (July 2018). "Keratosis Pilaris and its Subtypes: Associations, New Molecular and Pharmacologic Etiologies, and Therapeutic Options". American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 19 (5): 733–757. doi:10.1007/s40257-018-0368-3. PMID 30043128.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Pennycook, KB; McCready, TA (January 2020). "Keratosis Pilaris". PMID 31536314.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c d James, William D.; Elston, Dirk; Treat, James R.; Rosenbach, Misha A.; Neuhaus, Isaac (2020). "27. Genodermatoses and congenital anomalies". Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (13th ed.). Elsevier. p. 585. ISBN 978-0-323-54753-6.
- ^ a b Johnstone, Ronald B. (2017). "15. Diseases of cutaneous appendages". Weedon's Skin Pathology Essentials (2nd ed.). Elsevier. p. 324. ISBN 978-0-7020-6830-0.