Clinical data | |
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Pronunciation | /ɡænˈsaɪkləvɪər/ |
Trade names | Cytovene; Cymevene; Vitrasert; others |
Other names | Ganciclovir sodium; gancyclovir; DHPG; 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Systemic: Monograph Eye drop: Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a605011 |
License data |
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Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | Intravenous, eye drop, by mouth, intravitreal |
Legal status | |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 5% (by mouth) |
Metabolism | guanylate kinase (CMV UL97 gene product) |
Elimination half-life | 2.5–5 hours |
Excretion | Kidney |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C9H13N5O4 |
Molar mass | 255.234 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Melting point | 250 °C (482 °F) (dec.) |
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Ganciclovir, sold under the brand name Cytovene among others, is an antiviral medication used to treat and prevent cytomegalovirus disease (CMV).[1] This includes CMV retinitis, pneumonitis, encephalitis, and congenital CMV disease.[3] It may also be used for certain VZV infections of the eye.[3] It is given by injection into a vein or the eye.[1] It may also be used as eye drops.[2]
Common side effects when given by injection include low white blood cells, low platelets, low red blood cells, fever, diarrhea, increased sweating, headache, and kidney problems.[3] Other side effects may include infertility and cancer.[3] Use in pregnancy may harm the baby.[3] It is a nucleoside analog of guanine.[3]
Ganciclovir was patented in 1980 and approved for medical use in 1988.[4] In the United Kingdom a 500 mg vial costs the NHS about £30 as of 2021.[1] This amount in the United States is about 70 USD.[5]
References edit
- ^ a b c d BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 676. ISBN 978-0857114105.
- ^ a b "Ganciclovir Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Ganciclovir Sodium Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 4 May 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
- ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 504. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20. Retrieved 2021-06-28.
- ^ "Ganciclovir Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Retrieved 2 December 2021.