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User:Mr. Ibrahem/Finasteride

< User:Mr. Ibrahem

Mr. Ibrahem/Finasteride
Clinical data
Trade namesProscar, Propecia, others
Other namesMK-906; YM-152; L-652,931; 17β-(N-tert-Butylcarbamoyl)-4-aza-5α-androst-1-en-3-one; N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-oxo-4-aza-5α-androst-1-ene-17β-carboxamide
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa698016
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • X (will cause birth defects)
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug class5α-Reductase inhibitor
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability65%[1]
Protein binding90%[1]
MetabolismLiver (CYP3A4, ALDH)[1]
Elimination half-lifeAdults: 5–6 hours[1]
Elderly: >8 hours[1]
ExcretionFeces: 57%[1]
Urine: 40%[1]
Identifiers
  • (1S,3aS,3bS,5aR,9aR,9bS,11aS)-N-tert-butyl-9a,11a-dimethyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,3a,3b,4,5,5a,6,9b,10,11-dodecahydroindeno[5,4-f]quinoline-1-carboxamide
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC23H36N2O2
Molar mass372.553 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C(NC(C)(C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(CC[C@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]1CC2)CC[C@H]4NC(=O)\C=C/[C@]34C)C
  • InChI=1S/C23H36N2O2/c1-21(2,3)25-20(27)17-8-7-15-14-6-9-18-23(5,13-11-19(26)24-18)16(14)10-12-22(15,17)4/h11,13-18H,6-10,12H2,1-5H3,(H,24,26)(H,25,27)/t14-,15-,16-,17+,18+,22-,23+/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:DBEPLOCGEIEOCV-WSBQPABSSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Finasteride, sold under the brand names Proscar and Propecia, among others, is a medication mainly used to treat an enlarged prostate or hair loss in men.[4] It can also be used to treat excessive hair growth in women and as a part of hormone therapy for transgender women.[5][6] It is taken by mouth.[4]

Side effects from finasteride are rare,[7] however some men experience sexual dysfunction, depression, and breast enlargement.[8][9] In some men, sexual dysfunction may persist after stopping the medication.[10][11] It may also increase the risk of certain forms of prostate cancer.[9] Finasteride is a 5α-reductase inhibitor and therefore an antiandrogen.[12] It works by decreasing the production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by about 70%, including in the prostate gland and the scalp.[4]

Finasteride was patented in 1984 and approved for medical use in 1992.[13] It is available as a generic medication.[14] It is not expensive.[15] A month supply in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £0.90 per month as of 2019.[16] In the United States, the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$2.30.[17] In 2017, it was the 86th-most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than nine million prescriptions.[18][19]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Lemke, Thomas L.; Williams, David A. (2008). Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 1286–. ISBN 978-0-7817-6879-5. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  2. ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 7 August 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
  3. ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 17 September 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
  4. ^ a b c "Finasteride Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 25 August 2018. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  5. ^ Blume-Peytavi, Ulrike; Whiting, David A.; Trüeb, Ralph M. (26 June 2008). Hair Growth and Disorders. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 369. ISBN 978-3-540-46911-7. Archived from the original on 11 January 2020. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  6. ^ Knezevich EL, Viereck LK, Drincic AT (January 2012). "Medical management of adult transsexual persons". Pharmacotherapy. 32 (1): 54–66. doi:10.1002/PHAR.1006. PMID 22392828.
  7. ^ Tacklind J, Fink HA, Macdonald R, Rutks I, Wilt TJ (October 2010). "Finasteride for benign prostatic hyperplasia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (10): CD006015. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006015.pub3. PMID 20927745.
  8. ^ Zakhem GA, Goldberg JE, Motosko CC, Cohen BE, Ho RS (1 July 2019). "Sexual dysfunction in men taking systemic dermatologic medication: A systematic review". J Am Acad Dermatol. 81 (1): 163–172. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2019.03.043. PMID 30905792.
  9. ^ a b Varothai S, Bergfeld WF (July 2014). "Androgenetic alopecia: an evidence-based treatment update". American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 15 (3): 217–30. doi:10.1007/s40257-014-0077-5. PMID 24848508.
  10. ^ Zakhem, GA; Goldberg, JE; Motosko, CC; Cohen, BE; Ho, RS (July 2019). "Sexual dysfunction in men taking systemic dermatologic medication: A systematic review". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 81 (1): 163–172. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2019.03.043. PMID 30905792. In studies addressing reversibility, most of these patients have resolution of sexual adverse effects after discontinuation of finasteride, and many have improvement of adverse effects over time with continued finasteride use. However, some studies CAPSULE SUMMARY d Prescription medications are a common cause of sexual dysfunction. Possible sexual adverse effects should be discussed with men using these medications. d We identified evidence for sexual adverse effects in patients taking 11 systemic dermatologic medications. Level 1 evidence evaluating sexual dysfunction as a primary outcome was available for finasteride.
  11. ^ Traish, AM (January 2020). "Post-finasteride syndrome: a surmountable challenge for clinicians". Fertility and Sterility. 113 (1): 21–50. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.11.030. PMID 32033719.
  12. ^ Ferri, Fred F. (2014). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2015 E-Book: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 580. ISBN 9780323084307. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  13. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 483. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  14. ^ Sataloff, Robert T; Sclafani, Anthony P (30 November 2015). Sataloff's Comprehensive Textbook of Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery: Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. JP Medical Ltd. pp. 400–. ISBN 978-93-5152-459-5. Archived from the original on 12 January 2020. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
  15. ^ Hitchings, Andrew; Lonsdale, Dagan; Burrage, Daniel; Baker, Emma (2019). The Top 100 Drugs: Clinical Pharmacology and Practical Prescribing (2nd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 24–25. ISBN 978-0-7020-7442-4. Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
  16. ^ British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 769. ISBN 9780857113382.
  17. ^ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  18. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  19. ^ "Finasteride - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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