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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Antabuse, Antabus, others |
| Other names | tetraethyldisulfanedicarbothioamide; 1-(Diethylthiocarbamoyldisulfanyl)-N,N-diethyl-methanethioamide |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682602 |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Liver to diethylthiocarbamate |
| Onset of action | Within 12 hours[1] |
| Elimination half-life | 60–120 hours |
| Duration of action | Up to 14 days[1] |
| Identifiers | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C10H20N2S4 |
| Molar mass | 296.52 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Disulfiram, sold under the trade name Antabuse among others, is a medications used treat alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol.[1] It should be used in conjunction with counseling and support.[1] It is less preferred than acamprosate and naltrexone.[2] People should be informed regarding how it works before it is given.[1] It is taken once a day by mouth.[1]
Common side effects include liver problems, rash, sleepiness, sexual dysfunction, headache, and taste changes.[1] Other side effects include nerve problems and confusion.[1] If people drink alcohol well taking the medication skin flushing, headache, shortness of breath, and vomiting may occur.[1] In severe cases heart failure, seizures, or death may occur.[3] Use is not recommended in early pregnancy or when breastfeeding.[2] It works by altering the breakdown of alcohol in the body.[1]
Disulfiram was approved for medical use in the United States in 1951.[1] It is available as a generic medication.[2] In the United Kingdom 50 doses of 200 mg cost the NHS about 110 pounds as of 2020.[2] In the United States 60 doses of 250 mg costs as little as 42 USD as of 2020.[4] While implantable forms of disulfiram were studied to try to improve compliance these were found to be poorly effective.[5]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Disulfiram Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. AHFS. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
- ^ a b c d BNF 79 : March 2020. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society. 2020. p. 508, 509. ISBN 9780857113658.
- ^ "Antabuse – disulifram tablet". DailyMed. National Institutes of Health. May 23, 2016. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ "Disulfiram Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips". GoodRx. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
- ^ Smart, Reginald (2013). Research Advances in Alcohol and Drug Problems: Volume 7. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 400. ISBN 978-1-4613-3626-6.