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 | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | klor" oh thye' a zide[1] |
| Trade names | Diuril, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682341 |
| Routes of administration | By mouth, IV |
| Drug class | Thiazide diuretic[1] |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | low |
| Metabolism | Nil |
| Elimination half-life | 45 to 120 minutes |
| Excretion | Kidney |
| Identifiers | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C7H6ClN3O4S2 |
| Molar mass | 295.71 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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| (verify) | |
Chlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Diuril among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure and swelling.[2] It is one of a number of first line options for high blood pressure.[2] It may be used for swelling due to heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or pregnancy.[2] It may be taken by mouth or by injection into a vein.[2]
Common side effects include nausea, dizziness, headache, increased urination, dehydration, dry mouth, low sodium, low potassium, and low magnesium.[1] Other side effects may include allergic reactions, gout, and low blood pressure.[2] While safety is unclear; it has been used as a second line treatment to control blood pressure and swelling in pregnancy.[2][3] It is a thiazide diuretic.[1]
Chlorothiazide was patented in 1956 and approved for medical use in 1958.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines as an alternative to hydrochlorothiazide.[5] It is available as a [[generic medication].[6] In the United States 90 tablets of 500 mg costs about 14 USD.[6]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f "Thiazide Diuretics". LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. 2012. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Chlorothiazide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
- ^ "Chlorothiazide Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
- ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 456. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2021-11-01. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
- ^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
- ^ a b "Chlorothiazide Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx". GoodRx. Archived from the original on 30 April 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2022.