 | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Neo-mercazole, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| Routes of administration | By mouth[1] |
| Drug class | Thioamide[2] |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
|
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | 85% |
| Elimination half-life | 5.3h |
| Excretion | >90%Kidney |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C7H10N2O2S |
| Molar mass | 186.23 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 122 to 125 °C (252 to 257 °F) |
| |
| |
| (verify) | |
Carbimazole (CMZ) is a medication used to treat overactive thyroid, including Grave's disease.[3] In the United Kingdom, it is the first choice antithyroid medicine.[3] It can take a month or two before full effects.[3] It is taken by mouth.[3]
Side effects may include fever, rash, and joint pain.[2] Rare side effects may include bone marrow problems resulting in low white blood cells.[3] Other side effects may include pancreatitis.[3] Use during pregnancy may harm the baby; though, it has been used in pregnancy due to there also being harms of high thyroid.[3][2]
It is a type of thioamide, along with propylthiouracil (PTU).[4][2] After absorption it is converted to the active form, methimazole.[2] Methimazole prevents the thyroid peroxidase enzyme from adding iodine and coupling the tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin, hence reducing the production of T3 and T4.[4]
Carbimazole came into medical use in 1952.[5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines as an alternative to methimazole.[6] It is available as a generic medication.[3] In the United Kingdom three month at a dose of 20 mg per day costs the NHS about £6 as of 2023.[3]
References edit
- ^ Ritter, James M.; Flower, Rod; Henderson, Graeme; Loke, Yoon Kong; Rang, Humphrey P. (2020). "35. Drugs affecting major organ systems". Rang & Dale's Pharmacology. Elsevier. pp. 452–453. ISBN 978-0-7020-7448-6. Archived from the original on 2021-08-28. Retrieved 2021-10-08.
- ^ a b c d e f Francis, Thanuya; Francis, Niroshan; Lazarus, John H.; Okosieme, Onyebuchi E. (3 May 2020). "Safety of antithyroid drugs in pregnancy: update and therapy implications". Expert Opinion on Drug Safety. 19 (5): 565–576. doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1748007. ISSN 1474-0338.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l BNF 83 (British National Formulary) March 2022 (83 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 13 Aug 2022. p. 829. ISBN 9780857114341.
- ^ a b Dong, Betty J. (2020). "38. Thyroid and antithyroid drugs". In Katzung, Bertram G.; Trevor, Anthony J. (eds.). Basic and Clinical Pharmacology 15e. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 718–719. ISBN 978-1-260-45231-0. Archived from the original on 2021-10-10. Retrieved 2021-10-10.
- ^ Rifai, Nader (3 February 2022). Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine - E-Book: Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 807. ISBN 978-0-323-83467-4.
- ^ World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.