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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Septocaine, Ultracain, others |
| Other names | Carticaine, articaine hydrochloride/epinephrine |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| Routes of administration | Subcutaneous |
| Drug class | Local anesthetic (amide)[1] |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Liver, plasma |
| Onset of action | Within 6 min[2] |
| Elimination half-life | 30 min |
| Duration of action | 1 hr[2] |
| Excretion | Liver and unspecific plasma estearases[3] |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C13H20N2O3S |
| Molar mass | 284.37 g/mol 320.836 g/mol (HCl) g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Chirality | Racemic mixture |
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Articaine, sold under the brand name Septocaine among others, is a local anesthetic that is injected into an area to decrease feeling in that area.[2] In a nerve block, it is injected around a nerve that supplies an area.[2] It is available mixed with a small amount of epinephrine to increase the duration of its action.[2] Onset is within 6 minutes and effects last about an hour.[2]
Common side effects include headache and pain.[1] Other side effects may include seizures and methemoglobinemia.[1] Safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding is unclear.[4] It of the amide-type.[1]
Articaine came into medical use in Europe in 1976, Canada in 1983, and the United States in 2000.[5] In the United Kingdom 50 doses costs the NHS about £25 as of 2021.[6] It is widely used in a number of European countries.[7]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e "DailyMed - ARTICAINE- articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine injection, solution". dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 19 March 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f "Articaine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ Oertel R, Ebert U, Rahn R, Kirch W. Clinical pharmacokinetics of articaine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1997 Dec;33(6):421
- ^ "Articaine / epinephrine Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ Malamed, Stanley F. (25 April 2014). Handbook of Local Anesthesia - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-323-24202-8. Archived from the original on 16 January 2022. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- ^ BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 1403. ISBN 978-0857114105.
- ^ Oertel, R; Rahn, R; Kirch, W (December 1997). "Clinical pharmacokinetics of articaine". Clinical pharmacokinetics. 33 (6): 417–25. doi:10.2165/00003088-199733060-00002. PMID 9435991.