| Mr. Ibrahem/Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Trench mouth |
 | |
| A fairly mild presentation of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis at the typical site on the gums of the anterior mandibular teeth. | |
| Specialty | Dentistry |
| Symptoms | Gum pain, bleeding gums, ulceration of the gums between the teeth[1] |
| Complications | Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP), cancrum oris[1] |
| Usual onset | Sudden[1] |
| Risk factors | Smoking, poor oral hygiene, malnourished, psychological stress, weak immune system[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Gingivitis, herpetic gingivostomatitis, infectious mononucleosis, multiforme erythema, pemphigus vulgaris[1] |
| Treatment | Removal of dead tissue, chlorhexidine mouth rinses, antibiotics[1] |
| Frequency | Rare[1] |
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), also known as trench mouth, is a type of infection of the gums.[1] It results in pain, bleeding gums, and ulceration of the gums between the teeth.[1] Other symptoms may include bad breath, large lymph nodes, and fatigue.[1] Onset is generally sudden.[1] Complications can include necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP) or cancrum oris.[1]
Risk factors include smoking, poor oral hygiene, being malnourished, psychological stress, and a weak immune system such as in HIV/AIDS.[1] It generally occurs due to gram-negative bacteria of the fusiform and spirochete type.[1] It is not contagious.[1] Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms.[1] It is classified as a necrotizing gum disease.[1]
Treatment is by removal of dead gum tissue, chlorhexidine gluconate mouth rinses, and antibiotics.[1] Often metronidazole by mouth is used.[1] Improving oral hygiene is important to prevent recurrence.[1] With treatment, it usually improves with a few days.[1]
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is rare.[1] The condition has been known since the 4th century BCE.[1][2] Modern medical descriptions date from 1778 by John Hunter.[2] The term "trench mouth" arose during World War I as many soldiers developed the disease, due to the poor conditions and extreme stress.[2]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Aaron, SL; DeBlois, KW (January 2022). "Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis". PMID 32965914.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c Taylor, Robert B. (23 January 2017). The Amazing Language of Medicine: Understanding Medical Terms and Their Backstories. Springer. p. 90. ISBN 978-3-319-50328-8. Archived from the original on 28 April 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2022.