For instance, a study was conducted on the river Damodar, located in the Jharkhand state in India, as shown in Figure 1, in January 2021, revealing a significant change of the water quality during the pandemic.[1] In the pre-lockdown period, the Water Pollution Index (WPI) of all samples from the river fell between 1.59 to 2.46, indicating a high level of pollution.[2] In contrast, during the lockdown the WPI for water samples ranged from 0.52 to 0.78, indicating that most samples were either ‘good water’ type or of the ‘moderately polluted water’ category.[3] The significant change in WPI demonstrates that due to the shutdowns of heavy industries, there was a reduction in toxic pollutants; thus, increasing the water quality.[4]
Another environmental effect of the COVID-19 virus is the possible transmission of the disease through portable water.[5] Currently, clean water sources are vulnerable to human waste, including stool contamination, as a result, studies have shown that sputum, feces, and urine contain SARS-CoV-2, posing a potential threat to individuals with contaminated water.[5]
- ^ Chakraborty, Baisakhi; Roy, Sambhunath; Bera, Amit; Adhikary, Partha Pratim; Bera, Biswajit; Sengupta, Debashish; Bhunia, Gouri Sankar; Shit, Pravat Kumar (2021-08-01). "Cleaning the river Damodar (India): impact of COVID-19 lockdown on water quality and future rejuvenation strategies". Environment, Development and Sustainability. 23 (8): 11975–11989. doi:10.1007/s10668-020-01152-8. ISSN 1573-2975. PMC 7779165. PMID 33424426.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Chakraborty, Baisakhi; Roy, Sambhunath; Bera, Amit; Adhikary, Partha Pratim; Bera, Biswajit; Sengupta, Debashish; Bhunia, Gouri Sankar; Shit, Pravat Kumar (2021-08-01). "Cleaning the river Damodar (India): impact of COVID-19 lockdown on water quality and future rejuvenation strategies". Environment, Development and Sustainability. 23 (8): 11975–11989. doi:10.1007/s10668-020-01152-8. ISSN 1573-2975. PMC 7779165. PMID 33424426.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Chakraborty, Baisakhi; Roy, Sambhunath; Bera, Amit; Adhikary, Partha Pratim; Bera, Biswajit; Sengupta, Debashish; Bhunia, Gouri Sankar; Shit, Pravat Kumar (2021-08-01). "Cleaning the river Damodar (India): impact of COVID-19 lockdown on water quality and future rejuvenation strategies". Environment, Development and Sustainability. 23 (8): 11975–11989. doi:10.1007/s10668-020-01152-8. ISSN 1573-2975. PMC 7779165. PMID 33424426.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Chakraborty, Baisakhi; Roy, Sambhunath; Bera, Amit; Adhikary, Partha Pratim; Bera, Biswajit; Sengupta, Debashish; Bhunia, Gouri Sankar; Shit, Pravat Kumar (2021-08-01). "Cleaning the river Damodar (India): impact of COVID-19 lockdown on water quality and future rejuvenation strategies". Environment, Development and Sustainability. 23 (8): 11975–11989. doi:10.1007/s10668-020-01152-8. ISSN 1573-2975. PMC 7779165. PMID 33424426.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ a b "Shibboleth Authentication Request". login.ezp1.villanova.edu. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-16024-5. PMC 8397333. PMID 34453253. Retrieved 2021-10-03.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
https://doi-org.ezp1.villanova.edu/10.1007/s11356-021-16024-5
SpringerLink (Online service), Chakraborty, C., Roy, S., Sharma, S., & Tran, T. A. (2021). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Green societies: Environmental sustainability. Springer.
https://doi-org.ezp1.villanova.edu/10.1007/s10668-020-01152-8