Emergency medical services in Denmark are the responsibility of the 5 Regions of Denmark. All regions has contracted the service to either private companies or the local fire brigades. The approach, and the standards, vary between regions.
Organization edit
Land ambulance edit
Land ambulance service provision is funded by the national government, and provided by means of one of the four Regional Health Authorities (Southern and Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, Southern Norway Regional Health Authority, Western Norway Regional Health Authority, and Northern Norway Regional Health Authority) which provide most healthcare in Norway. Services may be provided directly by the Trust or its member hospitals, but are typically outsourced.[1] In many locations in Norway, the provision of land ambulance service is contracted to private operators, most typically large scale transportation companies operating a variety of types of service. Namsos Trafikkselskap (NTS) is an example of a private company participating in this type of arrangement for service delivery. While the majority of such arrangements are currently with Norwegian-based companies, this is changing, and international companies, such as Falck are beginning to contract for services in some areas.[2] Such services may operate 24 hours per day in larger centers, but in remote and rural locations are still frequently staffed by 'on-call' personnel after normal business hours. Even in areas with directly operated emergency ambulances, non-emergency transportation is more likely to be conducted by commercial transportation companies. Norway currently operates on the Franco-German model of EMS care,[3] with some limitations on the permitted skills of EMS personnel, and physician response to emergencies being quite commonplace.
- EMS Vehicles in Norway
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SsangYong Rexton Rapid Response (ALS) Vehicle -
Mercedes Sprinter from Trondheim in the new colours
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Norwegian ambulances changed their markings in 2005. This is the old appearance
Air ambulance edit
As Norway has a very scattered population with many small towns and villages that are located far from hospitals and treatment centers, land ambulances are supplemented by both helicopters and fixed wing aircraft. These are organized nationally, under the title Norwegian Air Ambulance. Participants in the air ambulance scheme include the Royal Norwegian Air Force 330 Squadron, and also one privately owned company (Lufttransport) and one not-for-profit foundation (Norsk Luftambulanse). The relationship with the private company and the foundation are contractural, and currently extend to 2014.[4]
- Air ambulance in Norway
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Norsk Luftambulanse -
Standards edit
Staffing edit
Ambulances are staffed by two emergency medical technicians with at least one being "ambulancebehandler" and the other at least "ambulanceassistent". Some ambulances are staffed with a paramedic.
Training edit
It takes 2 years and 7 months to become an "ambulanceassistent" wich is part of the "redder" education. After working as assistent for at least 18 months it is possible to take the 5 week "ambulancebehandler" course and after further 36 months the 10 week paramedic course.
EMTs newly entering the field are now recommended to have two years of training at Vocational school followed by two-year internships. This program has been offered since 2003, and is inspired by American EMS training. The system currently has individuals working at the Basic, Intermediate and Advanced levels, and for vehicles providing ALS service, the crew configuration is typically 1-ILS, 1-ALS.[5] Those EMTs already working in the field, and with sufficient experience, are permitted to 'fast track' the new training, completing a degree with the equivalent of a single year of full time education. Only those EMTs completing this education process are permitted to use the title "Paramedic". While the program is not yet mandatory on a national level, it is considered to be a prerequisite for employment in the Oslo region. Norway has also come up with the proposal to add qualified nurses on the ambulances, as other countries in Europe have done[6] within its system.
Vehicles edit
Danish ambulances are required to comply with the European Union standard CEN 1789 (types A-C) for ambulances, as issued by the European Committee for Standards.[7] These standards include the types of vehicles used, their design, performance, testing, basic equipment, and markings or livery. As with all European Standards, compliance is voluntary, but has been mandated by the Danish regions.
Response time edit
The national goal is that any citizen should not have to wait more than 15 minutes for emergency services. Some regions have set lover times for certain areas.
References edit
- ^ "International EMS Survey 1". Retrieved 2008-09-14.
- ^ "International EMS Survey 2". Retrieved 2008-09-14.
- ^ Cooke MW, Bridge P, Wilson S. (2001). "Variation in emergency ambulance dispatch in Western Europe". The Scandinavian Journal of Trauma and Emergency Medicine. 9 (2): 57–66.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Luftambulanse Website". Retrieved 2008-09-12.
- ^ "EMS Benchmarking in Europe" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-09-11.
- ^ Melby V, Ryan A (2005). "Caring for older people in prehospital emergency care : can nurses make a difference?". Journal of Clinical Nursing. 14 (9): 1141–1150. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2005.01222.x.
{{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|month=(help) - ^ "European Committee for Standards website". Retrieved 2008-09-19.,
External links edit
- (in Norwegian) Air Ambulance Website
- (in Norwegian) Norsk Luftambulanse website
- (in Norwegian) Lufttransport website
[[Category:Emergency medical services by country|Norway] [[Category:Disaster preparedness in Norway] [[Category:Healthcare in Norway]