User:Mathieugp/drafts/Order of battle at the Siege of Quebec in 1759
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Order of battle at the Siege of Quebec in 1759
British Forces
editLand
editThe total British land force was composed of 9,159 troops and 163 pieces of artillery[1].
Staff
edit- Major General James Wolfe as General Officer Commanding.
- Captain Thomas Bell as Aide-de-Camp.
- Captain Hervey Smith as Aide-de-Camp.
- Lieutenant Colonel Guy Carleton as Quartermaster-General.
- Major Paulus Irving as Deputy Quartermaster-General.
- Captain Matthew Leslie as Assistant to the Quartermaster-General.
- Captain Henry Caldwell as Assistant to the Quartermaster-General.
- Major Isaac Barré as Adjutant-General.
- Lieutenant Colonel George Williamson as Commander of the Royal Artillery.
- Major Patrick Mackellar as Chief Engineer.
- Captain Lieutenant Hugh Debbeig as Assistant Engineer.
- Captain Lieutenant Adam Williamson as Assistant Engineer.
- Lieutenant John Montresor as Assistant Engineer.
First Brigade
editThe First Brigade was composed of four regiments totalling 3,430 soldiers.
- Brigadier General Robert Monckton as Commanding Officer.
- Captain John Spittal as Brigade Major.
- 594 troops of the 15th Regiment of Foot (or Amherst's) under Major William Farquhar.
- 715 troops of the 43rd Regiment of Foot (or Kennedy's) under Major Robert Elliott.
- 852 troops of the 48th Regiment of Foot (or Webb's) under Lieutenant Colonel Ralph Burton.
- 1269 troops of the 78th Regiment of Foot (or Fraser's) under Lieutenant Colonel Simon Fraser.
Second Brigade
editThe Second Brigade was composed of three regiments totalling 1,861 soldiers.
- Brigadier General George Townshend as Commanding Officer.
- Major Thomas Gwillim as Brigade Major.
- 591 troops 28th Regiment of Foot (or Bragg's) under Major Hunt Walsh.
- 679 troops of the 47th Regiment of Foot (or Lascelle's) under Major John Hale.
- 851 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the 60th Regiment of Foot (or Monckton's) under Major Augustin Prevost.
Third Brigade
editThe Third Brigade was composed of three regiments totalling 2,122 soldiers.
- Brigadier General James Murray as Commanding Officer.
- Captain Richard Maitland as Brigade Major.
- 899 troops 35th Regiment of Foot (or Otway's) under Lieutenant Colonel Harry Fletcher.
- 616 troops of the 58th Regiment of Foot (or Anstruther's) under Major James Agnew.
- 607 troops of the 3rd Battalion of the 60th Regiment of Foot (or Lawrence's) under Lieutenant Colonel John St. Clair.
Louisbourg Grenadiers
editThe Louisbourg Grenadiers were composed of 326 soldiers.
- Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Murray as Commanding Officer.
- Grenadier Company of the 22nd Regiment of Foot.
- Grenadier Company of the 40th Regiment of Foot.
- Grenadier Company of the 45th Regiment of Foot.
Light Infantry
editThe Light Infantry was ~200 soldiers rank and file.
- Lieutenant Colonel William Howe as Commanding Officer.
- Company of the 28th Regiment of Foot.
- Company of the 60th Regiment of Foot.
- Company of the 67th Regiment of Foot.
Rangers
editThe Rangers were composed of 590 soldiers from six companies.
- Major George Scott as Commanding Officer.
- Captain Jonathan Brewer's Company.
- Captain Benonie Dank's Company.
- Captain Joseph Goreham's Company.
- Captain Moses Hazen's Company.
- Captain James Rogers's Company.
- Captain William Stark's Company.
Provincial pioneers
editThe Provincial Pioneers were composed of 300 soldiers.
Artillery
editThe Royal Artillery was composed of 330 soldiers from three companies.
- Lieutenant Colonel George Williamson as Commanding Officer.
- Captain Lieutenant J. Yorke's Company.
- Captain T. James's Company.
- Captain W. Macleod's Company.
- Captain Lieutenant William Harris's detachment.
Naval
editThe British Naval Force was composed of 49 warships armed with 1871 guns and 6 sea mortars and manned by ~13,500 officers and seamen (comprising ~2,100 Royal Marines). In addition, there were some ~140 civilian vessels manned by ~4,500 seamen[2].
Staff
edit- Vice-Admiral Charles Saunders as Naval Commander-in-chief.
- Rear Admiral Philip Durrell as second officer in command.
- Rear Admiral Charles Holmes as third officer in command.
Ships of the Line
edit- HMS Neptune
- HMS Princess Amelia
- HMS Royal William
- HMS Dublin
- HMS Shrewsbury
- HMS Terrible
- HMS Devonshire
- HMS Northumberland
- HMS Orford
- HMS Vanguard
- HMS Alcide
- HMS Bedford
- HMS Captain
- HMS Prince Frederick
- HMS Somerset
- HMS Stirling Castle
- HMS Trident
- HMS Medway
- HMS Pembroke
- HMS Prince of Orange
- HMS Centurion
- HMS Sutherland
Frigates
edit- HMS Diana
- HMS Richmond
- HMS Echo
- HMS Lizard
- HMS Lowestoft
- HMS Trent
- HMS Fowey
- HMS Hind
- HMS Nightingale
- HMS Scarborough
- HMS Seahorse
- HMS Squirrel
Sloops
editBomb ships
editFire ships
editLanding crafts
editAuxiliary
edit- Boscawen
- Crown
- Halifax
- Rodney
Royal marines
edit- ~1,500 troops in the shipboard Royal Marine Detachments.
- ~600 troops in the Independent Royal Marine Battalion.
Civilian vessels
edit- 5 staff tenders
- 55 troop ships
- 28 arms transports (artillery, ammunition, and stores)
- 6 victualling ships (20 more arrived from GB in the middle of August)
- 7 cattle transports
- 9 navigational auxiliaries (anchoring and sounding vessels)
- 2 hospital ships
- 2 armed vessels
- 3 empty vessels
French Forces
editLand
editThe total French land force was composed of 3,685 Metropolitan regular troops, 1,100 Colonial regular troops, 12,480 militiamen, and 1,775 Amerindian warriors from several allied nations.
Staff
edit- Governor General Pierre de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil as Commander-in-chief of all French forces in North America.
- Lieutenant General[3] Louis-Joseph, Marquis de Montcalm as first commander of the Metropolitan regulars.
- Colonel[4] Louis-Antoine de Bougainville as first Aide-de-Camp to Montcalm.
- Captain Jean-Guillaume Plantavit de Margon de Lapause as Aide-de-Camp to Montcalm and Adjutant General.
- Captain Fiacre-François Potot de Montbeillard as Aide-de-Camp to Montcalm and commander of the second company of artillery.
- Lieutenant James Johnstone, Chevalier de Johnstone as Aide-de-Camp to Montcalm.
- Lieutenant Colonel Pierre-André Gohin de Montreuil as Assistant Chief of Staff.
- Major-General[5] François Gaston, Chevalier de Lévis as second in command of the Metropolitan regulars.
- Colonel[6] François-Charles de Bourlamaque as Colonel of infantry and third in command of the Metropolitan regulars.
- Brigadier[7] Étienne-Guillaume de Senezergues as commander of the 2nd Battalion of the Régiment de la Sarre[8].
- Captain François-Marc-Antoine Le Mercier as commander of the colonial engineering and artillery forces.
- King's Lieutenant Jean-Baptiste-Nicolas-Roch de Ramezay as commander of the garrison in the town of Quebec.
Metropolitan regulars
editThe Metropolitan regulars (Troupes de terre) were composed of 3,685 troops in eight battalions from seven regiments.
- 454 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the Régiment de Bearn under Lieutenant Colonel Jean d'Alquier de Sarrian[9].
- 454 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the Régiment de Berry under Lieutenant Colonel Sieur de Trivio.
- 454 troops of the 3rd Battalion of the Régiment de Berry under Lieutenant Colonel M.-J.-T. de Carnay, Vicomte de Trécesson.
- 436 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the Régiment de Guyenne under Lieutenant Colonel Sieur de Fontbonne.
- 473 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the Régiment de Languedoc under Lieutenant Colonel M.-A. de Privat.
- 440 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the Régiment de la Reine under Lieutenant Colonel de Roquemaure.
- 485 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the Régiment de Royal-Roussillon under Lieutenant Colonel Chevalier de Bernetz.
- 489 troops of the 2nd Battalion of the Régiment de la Sarre under Lieutenant Colonel François-Pierre-André Bertran de Palmarolle.
Colonial regulars
editThe Colonial regulars (Troupes de la Marine) were composed of ~1,000 infantry soldiers and 100 artillery soldiers.
- 1000 troops of the Compagnies Franches de la Marine under Captain Jean-Daniel Dumas.
- 100 troops in two companies of Canoniers-Bombardiers under Captain François-Marc-Antoine Le Mercier.
Canadian militia
editThe militia of Canada was composed of 12,480 men.
- District of Quebec (under Governor General Pierre de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil)
- 4,800 men of the District militia under Colonel Pierre-Gilles Bazin.
- 840 men of the town of Quebec militia.
- 35 men of the Royal-Syntaxe militia.
- District of Trois-Rivières (under Governor Paul-Joseph Le Moyne de Longueuil)
- 1,1000 men of the District and Town militia under Colonel Louis de Bonne.
- District of Montréal (under Governor François-Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil)
- 5,455 men of the District and Town militia under Colonel Joseph Prudhomme.
- 150 men of the Acadian militia under Captain Charles Deschamps de Boishébert.
- 200 riders of the Cavalry corps under Captain de la Roche-Beaucourt.
Amerindians
editThe Amerindians were composed of 1,775 warriors from several allied nations.
Artillery
editThe artillery was composed of 266 guns, 3 Howitzers, 18 mortars, and 3 unidentified pieces for a total of 290. In addition there were 34 pieces on gunboats and rafts.
Naval
editThe French Royal Navy (Marine royale) and merchant navy was composed of eight frigates, eight fireships, 120 fire rafts, 12 small gunboats, one large gunboat, six gun barges, one floating battery, manned by ~2100 men[10].
Marines
edit- Captain Jean Vauquelin as the commander of the Navy.
- ~100 shipboard Infantry Marines.
- 1400 sailors serving as gunners on land.
- 600 sailors performing general duties.
Warships
editFireships
editSee also
editNotes
edit- ^ Stacey, p. 228-230
- ^ Stacey, p. 237
- ^ He arrived in America as Major-General (Maréchal de camp) and was made a lieutenant-général after the French victory at the Battle of Carillon.
- ^ He arrived in America as Captain and was promoted to rank of Colonel during the war.
- ^ He arrived in America with the rank of Brigadier and was made a Major-General (Maréchal de camp) after the French victory at the Battle of Carillon.
- ^ Promoted Brigadier on February 10, 1759.
- ^ Promoted Brigadier on February 10, 1759
- ^ http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=1654
- ^ http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=1182
- ^ Stacey, p. 251-254
References
edit- D. Peter Macleod (2008). Northern Armageddon: The Battle of the Plains of Abraham, Douglas & McIntyre, 352 p. (ISBN 1553654129) (preview)
- Stacey, Charles Perry (2002). Quebec, 1759: The Siege and the Battle, Montreal: Robin Brass Studio, 269 p. (ISBN 1-896941-50-8) [Rev. ed., edited and with new material by Donald E. Graves]