Overview:
Throughout history, metal casting has been used to make tools, weapons, and religious objects. Metal casting history and development can be traced back to Southern Asia (China, India, Pakistan, etc). [1] Southern Asia traditions and religions relied heavily on statue and relic castings.[2] These items were frequently made from a copper alloy laced with lead. Since the beginning of metallurgy the majority of castings were simple one to two piece molds fashioned from either stone or ceramics. However, there is evidence of lost wax castings in numerous ancient civilizations.[2]
MRS4H9 (talk) 01:19, 18 March 2020 (UTC)
India:
Early civilizations discovered lead aided in the fluidity of molten copper, allowing them to cast more intricate designs. For example, the dancing girl of Mohenjo-daro is a copper alloy casting that most likely utilizes the lost wax technique.[2] Lost wax casting can be dated back to 4000 BC or the Chalcolithic period.[1] One of the oldest studied examples of this technique is a 6,000-year old amulet from Indus valley civilization.[3]
MRS4H9 (talk) 01:19, 18 March 2020 (UTC)
India is attributed as one of the first civilizations to use casting methods to mass produce coins. Around the middle of the first millennium BC (1000 BC - 1 BC), coins used were made from silver but as the millennium progressed the coins shifted to a cast copper alloy.[2] New technology was developed to mass produce the new copper coins. Introduced was a multi piece stackable coin template mold. Multiple molds were placed on top of one another into a clay cylinder so molten metal could be poured down the center, filling and solidifying in the open spaces.[2] This process allowed a hundred of coins to be produced simultaneously. [2]
MRS4H9 (talk) 01:19, 18 March 2020 (UTC)
In the Middle East and West Africa the lost wax technique was used very early in their metallurgy traditions while China adopted it much later. In Western Europe lost wax techniques are considered to have been hardly used especially in comparison to that of the Indus valley civilization.[2]
SummJ9385 (talk) 01:27, 18 March 2020 (UTC)
China:
There were no pieces of lost wax found in the capital of Anyang during the Shane dynasty (1600-1040 BC) while a large amount (100,000 pieces) of piece-mould fragments were found. This led to the conclusion that lost wax was not performed in the capital during this dynasty. However, the discovery of a mask made using the investment moulding dated at around 1300 BC indicated that the lost wax technique may have influenced other regions in China.[1]
Historians debate the origin of the development of the cannon but most evidence points to Turkey and Central Asia in the 18th and 19th century. The casting process of a cannon is a bit more complex with the use of a clay core, a template which has clay moulded around it and then broken out followed by an assembly in a casting pit that involves binding the casting with iron bands.[2]
Review of work for BOTH in this sandbox by K8shep (talk) 15:13, 19 March 2020 (UTC) edit
1. What does the article do well? Is there anything from your review that impressed you? Any turn of phrase that described the subject in a clear way?
Great job here! Your organization makes a lot of sense and your sources are really useful. Make sure you're citing sources each time you make a statement.
2. What changes would you suggest the author apply to the article? Why would those changes be an improvement?
Great work--as a practice, try not to say "since the beginning of..." or "throughout history..." They are phrases that historians don't use much anymore because of their sweeping generalization. They're not BAD, but just try not to use them.
3. What's the most important thing the author could do to improve the article?
Honestly, you're doing great! Good work and effort here. Keep it up.
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- ^ a b c Davey, Christopher J. (2009). J. Mei; Th. Rehren (eds.). The early history of lost-wax casting. London. pp. 147–154.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h Craddock, Paul T (October 8, 2014). "The Metal Casting Traditions of South Asia: Continuity and Innovation". Indian Journal of History of Science. 50.1: 55–82.
- ^ Thoury, M.; et al. (2016). "High spatial dynamics-photoluminescence imaging reveals the metallurgy of the earliest lost-wax cast object". Nature Communications. 7. doi:10.1038/ncomms13356.