Mass Incarceration as a Dynamic Social Problem
Crime rates in low-income areas are much higher than in middle to high class income areas. Incarceration rates in low-income areas are much higher than in wealthier areas as a result of these high crime rates [1]. When the incarcerated or criminal is a youth, there is a significant impact on the individual and rippling effects on entire communities. Social capital is lost when an individual is incarcerated. How much social capital is lost is hard to accurately estimate, however Aizer and Doyle found a strong positive correlation between lower income as an adult if an individual is incarcerated in their youth in comparison to those who are not incarcerated [2]. 63 percent to 66 percent of those involved in crimes are under the age of thirty [1]. This silent majority loses the capability to invest in themselves, and in turn contribute to their communities. Their children and families become susceptible to financial burden preventing them from escaping low-income communities. This contributes to the recurring cycle of poverty that is positively correlated with incarceration [3]. Poverty rates have not been curbed despite steady economic growth . Poverty is not the sole dependent variable for increasing incarceration rates. Mass incarceration leads to more incarceration by putting families and communities at a dynamic social disadvantage [4].
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- ^ a b "Ten Economic Facts about Crime and Incarceration in the United States | The Hamilton Project". www.hamiltonproject.org. Retrieved 2016-11-15.
- ^ Aizer, Anna; Doyle, Joseph J. (2015-02-02). "Juvenile Incarceration, Human Capital, and Future Crime: Evidence from Randomly Assigned Judges*". The Quarterly Journal of Economics: qjv003. doi:10.1093/qje/qjv003. ISSN 0033-5533.
- ^ Mosley, Paul; Verschoor, Arjan (2005-03-01). "Risk Attitudes and the 'Vicious Circle of Poverty'". The European Journal of Development Research. 17 (1): 59–88. doi:10.1080/09578810500066548. ISSN 0957-8811.
- ^ Clear, Todd R. (2009-03-27). Imprisoning Communities: How Mass Incarceration Makes Disadvantaged Neighborhoods Worse. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199728237.