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Front page of the first issue of The Pacific Appeal, published April 5, 1862.

This is a list of African-American newspapers that have been published in the state of California, including both historical and contemporary publications. California's first such newspaper was the Mirror of the Times, which began publishing in the mid-1850s.[1]

Although the number of African Americans in California did not exceed 1,100 until the 20th century,[2] seven African-American newspapers were established in the San Francisco Bay Area in the 19th century.[3]

Northern California

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Northern California

The Northern California region takes up the northern two-thirds of the state, including the Central Valley and San Francisco Bay Area.

City Title Beginning End Frequency Call numbers Remarks


Fresno The California Advocate 1967[4] current Monthly / irregular[4] or weekly
  • LCCN sn84025882
  • OCLC 4170883
Menlo Park Ravenswood Post 1963?[5] ?[5] Weekly[5]
  • Published by Clarence A. Burley.
Oakland The Black Panther 1967[6] 1980[6] Weekly/ Biweekly/ Monthly[6]
Oakland Illustrated Guide: The recognized organ of the Colored people 1892[7] ?[7] Weekly[7]
  • Official newspaper of the Afro-American League of Alameda County.[7]
Oakland Oakland Post / Oakland Sunday Post 1963[8] current Weekly / Triweekly / Daily / Semiweekly[8]
Oakland Oakland Sunshine 1897[9] 1922[9] Weekly[9]
Oakland Oakland Times 1869[10] ?[10] Daily (except Sunday)[10]
Oakland[11] San Francisco Post / San Francisco Sunday Post[11] 1963[11] Twice weekly / Weekly[11]
Oakland Berkeley Tri-city Post 1985[12] Weekly[12]
Oakland Western American 1926[13] 1929[13] Weekly[13]
  • Published by S. DeWitt Moss.[13]
Palo Alto Black Times: Voices of the National Community 1971[14] 1976?[14] Monthly[14]
Richmond Richmond Post 1963[15] current Twice weekly[15]
Sacramento The Forum 1906[16] ?[16] Twice weekly[16]
San Francisco The Elevator: A Weekly Journal of Progress 1865[17] 1904[17] Weekly[17]
  • Edited by Philip A. Bell
Sacramento The Sacramento Observer 1964?[18] current Weekly[18]
San Francisco African American Chronicle 1991[19] 1993?[19] Monthly newspaper[19]
San Francisco The Free American 1866[20] ?[20] Weekly[20]
San Francisco The Lunar Visitor 1862[21] ?[21] Monthly[21]
San Francisco Pacific Appeal / The Pacific Appeal 1862[22] 1880[22] Weekly[22]
San Francisco San Francisco Reporter 1942[23] ?[23] Weekly[23]
  • Edited and published by W.A. Hambrick.[23]
San Francisco The Sun Reporter 1943[24] Weekly[24]
San Francisco California Voice 1919[25] Weekly[25]
San Francisco Western Appeal 1919?[26] ?[26] Twice-monthly[26]
  • Edited by G.E. Watkins,[26] formerly a partner in the publication of the Pacific Coast Appeal.[27]
San Francisco Mirror of the Times 1855,[1] 1856,[3][30] or 1857[28] 1862[28] or 1858[29] Weekly[28]
San Francisco Peninsula Metro Reporter 1972?[31] 1993?[31] Weekly[31]
San Francisco San Francisco Bay View 1976[32] current Biweekly[32]
San Francisco San Francisco Metro Reporter 1972[33] ?[33] Weekly[33]
San Francisco San Francisco Vindicator 1884[34] 1906[34] Weekly[34]
San Francisco The Western Outlook 1894[35] 1928[35] Weekly[35]
San Jose The Forum 1908[36] ?[36] Weekly[36]
San Jose The Phoenix 1891[37] 1892[37] Daily (except Monday)[37]
  • Successor to the San Jose Daily Times[37]
Stockton Progressor / San Joaquin Progressor 1969[38] ?[38] Weekly[38]

Southern California

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Southern California
 
An early African-American newspaper in Southern California, The California Eagle, from 1916.

The Southern California region takes up the southern third of the state, and includes the Los Angeles metropolitan area, San Diego, and the Inland Empire region.

City Title Beginning End Frequency Call numbers Remarks


Altadena The Eagle (1973–?)[40] / Pasadena Eagle (1968–1973)[39] 1968[40] ?[39] Weekly[40]
Bakersfield The Bakersfield Advocate 1970s[41] 1979[41] Weekly[41]
Bakersfield 1970[42] 1970s[42] Weekly[42] *LCCN sn95061892
Bakersfield The Colored Citizen 1914[43] ?[43] Weekly[43]
  • Billed as “The Only Paper Published in the Interests of Colored People Between San Francisco and Los Angeles.”[43]
Bakersfield The News 1957[44] ?[44] Monthly newspaper[44]
  • Published by Isaiah E. Owens.
Bakersfield Bakersfield News Observer 1977[45] Weekly[45]
Bakersfield Outlook / The News Publication (1950s–1961)[47] / The Outlook: The News Publication (1961–1964)[48] / The Outlook (1964–1966)[49] / The Outlook News (1966–?)[46] 1950s ?[46] Twice-monthly,[47] later weekly[49][46]
Beverly Hills The Ethiopian Mirror 1993?[50] ?[50] Monthly newspaper[50]
Compton Compton Bulletin 1970?[51] current Weekly[51]
Compton Metropolitan Gazette 1967?[52] ?[52] Weekly[52]
  • Edited by Mildred L. Hamm.[52]
Compton Compton Star Review 1927?[53] ?[53] Weekly[53]
  • Extant from 1971–1973.[53]
Culver City Culver City Wave 1925[54] Weekly[54]
Hollywood The National Record 1944[55] 1993?[55] Monthly newspaper.[55]
Los Angeles African Connection Newspaper 1988?[56] Biweekly[56]
Los Angeles South End Bee 1934[57] 1987?[57] Weekly[57]
Los Angeles Bronzeville News 1943[58] ?[58] Weekly[58]
Los Angeles Herald-Dispatch 1952[59] Weekly[59]
Los Angeles The California Eagle 1879[60] 1965[60] Weekly[60]
Los Angeles Central News Wave 1963?[61] Weekly[61]
Los Angeles Firestone Park News & Southeast News-Press 1954?[62] ?[62] Weekly[62]
Los Angeles Florence Messenger 1939?[63] 1983?[63] Weekly[63]
Los Angeles Florence News 1986?[64] ?[64] Twice monthly[64]
Los Angeles The Illustrated Journal 1956[65] ?[65] Weekly[65]
Los Angeles Los Angeles Black Voice 1968[66] ?[66] Weekly[66]
Los Angeles Los Angeles Herald 1950?[67] ?[67] Weekly[67]
Los Angeles (Pacoima) Pacoima Herald-Dispatch 1952[68] ?[68] Weekly[68]
Los Angeles New Age Dispatch or New Age[69] 1907[69] 1949[69] Weekly[69]
Inglewood Los Angeles Bay News Observer 1986?[70] Weekly[70]
Los Angeles The Weekly Observer 1888[71] 1888[71] Weekly[71]
Los Angeles The Liberator 1901 [73] 1913 [72] Published by Jefferson Lewis Edmonds.[74]
Los Angeles The Pacific Defender 1923[75] Weekly[75]
Los Angeles Pacific Enterprise 1927[76] Weekly[76]
  • Edited by William A. Venerable.[76]
Los Angeles Los Angeles Sentinel 1933[77] or 1934[78] current Weekly[78]
Los Angeles Watts Star Review 1875[79] or 1929[80] Weekly[79]
Los Angeles Angeles Mesa Wave 1978[81] ?[81] Weekly[81]
Los Angeles Hawthorne Wave 1981[82] 1987?[82] Weekly[82]
Los Angeles Inglewood Wave 1981[83] 1987?[83] Weekly[83]
Los Angeles Southwest Wave 1920[84] 1987?[84] Weekly[84]
Los Angeles Topics / Sun Wave 1942?[85] Weekly[85]
Los Angeles Westchester Wave 1921?[86] Weekly[86]
Los Angeles The Western Clarion 1926?[87] ?[87] Weekly[87]
Los Angeles The Western Dispatch 1921[88] ?[88] Weekly[88]
Los Angeles The Western News 1889[89] 1889[89] Weekly[89]
Los Angeles Inglewood Hawthorne Wave 1987?[90] Weekly[90]
  • Later replaced by Inglewood Wave and Hawthorne Wave[90]
  • Part of the Los Angeles Wave newspaper family.
Los Angeles L.A. Watts Times 1976?[91] Weekly[91]
Los Angeles / Inglewood The Los Angeles Community Circle News / Los Angeles Community Circle Clipper 1989[92] Bimonthly newspaper[92]
Los Angeles Los Angeles Illustrated Reflector 1934?[93] ?[93] Weekly[93]
Los Angeles Los Angeles Tribune 1941[94] 1960[94] Weekly[94]
Los Angeles The Los Angeles Truth 1935?[95] ?[95] Unknown[95]
Los Angeles The National Negro Press 1970?[96] ?[96] Unknown[96]
Los Angeles The Search Light and Open Sesame 1893[97] 1908[97] Weekly[97]
Los Angeles (or Bakersfield)[99] United Pictorial Review 1965[98] or 1966[99] ?[98] Weekly[98]
  • Published by George Scott Jr.[98]
Los Angeles Southeast Star Wave 1938?[100] 1987?[100] Weekly[100]
Los Angeles Southern California Guide 1892[101] 1895[101] Weekly[101]
Los Angeles Southside Journal Wave 1937?[102] 1987?[102] Weekly[102]
Los Angeles Southwestern Sun Wave 1947?[103] 1987?[103] Weekly[103]
Los Angeles Tribune Mesa News Wave 1978[104] Weekly[104]
Los Angeles Wave 1958?[105] Weekly[105]
Pasadena The Western Herald 1925?[106] ?[106] Weekly[106]
Redlands The Colored Citizen 1905[107] 1906[107] Monthly newspaper[107]
  • Published by Robert Henry Harbert and H.A. Harroll[107]
Riverside Black Voice News / The Black Voice News[108] 1972[108] current Weekly[108]
San Bernardino Precinct Reporter 1965[109] Weekly[109]
San Bernardino The San Bernardino American 1969[110] Weekly[110]
San Diego San Diego Voice & Viewpoint 1960[111] Current[111] Weekly[111] https://sdvoice.info/
San Diego San Diego Eagle 1923?[112] ?[112] Weekly[112]
Santa Ana The Orange County Star Review 1971[113] 1973?[113] Weekly[113]

See also

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Works cited

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References

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  1. ^ a b Smith 2012, p. 409.
  2. ^ Berardi & Segady 1990, p. 110.
  3. ^ a b Snorgrass 1981, p. 306.
  4. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 129, ¶ 1338.
  5. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 485, ¶ 5055.
  6. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 93, ¶ 957.
  7. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 291, ¶ 3055.
  8. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 436, ¶ 4543.
  9. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 436, ¶ 4544.
  10. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 436, ¶ 4545.
  11. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 501, ¶ 5227.
  12. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 67, ¶ 693.
  13. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 610, ¶ 6381.
  14. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 102, ¶ 1050.
  15. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 493, ¶ 5145.
  16. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 234, ¶ 2451.
  17. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 209, ¶ 2183.
  18. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 498, ¶ 5200.
  19. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 12, ¶ 119.
  20. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 236, ¶ 2477.
  21. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 348, ¶ 3645.
  22. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 449, ¶ 4686.
  23. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 501, ¶ 5228.
  24. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 548, ¶ 5722.
  25. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 129, ¶ 1343.
  26. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 611, ¶ 6382.
  27. ^ Cite error: The named reference san-francisco was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  28. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 369, ¶ 3850.
  29. ^ Snorgrass 1981, p. 307.
  30. ^ Abajian 1974, p. 386, ¶ 4190.
  31. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 457, ¶ 4763.
  32. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5224.
  33. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 501, ¶ 5226.
  34. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 501, ¶ 5229.
  35. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 612, ¶ 6396.
  36. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 234, ¶ 2452.
  37. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 462, ¶ 4819.
  38. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 476, ¶ 4959.
  39. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference loc-eagle-pasadena was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  40. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference loc-eagle-altadena was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  41. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference loc-bakersfield-advocate was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  42. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference loc-challenger was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  43. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 162, ¶ 1679.
  44. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference loc-news-bakersfield was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  45. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 58, ¶ 590.
  46. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference loc-outlook-news was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  47. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference loc-news-publication was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  48. ^ Cite error: The named reference loc-outlook-news-publication was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  49. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference loc-outlook was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  50. ^ a b c d e Danky & Hady 1998, p. 215, ¶ 2246.
  51. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 171, ¶ 1776.
  52. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 362, ¶ 3783.
  53. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 171, ¶ 1777.
  54. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 182, ¶ 1897.
  55. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 394, ¶ 4099.
  56. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 14, ¶ 141.
  57. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 524, ¶ 5473.
  58. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 117, ¶ 1214.
  59. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 275, ¶ 2880.
  60. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 129, ¶ 1342.
  61. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 142, ¶ 1472.
  62. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 224, ¶ 2346.
  63. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 228, ¶ 2386.
  64. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 228, ¶ 2387.
  65. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 291, ¶ 3056.
  66. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3624.
  67. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3627.
  68. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 450, ¶ 4691.
  69. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 406, ¶ 4230.
  70. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3623.
  71. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 607, ¶ 6347.
  72. ^ "Internet Archive". Internet Archive. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  73. ^ "Internet Archive". Internet Archive. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
  74. ^ "The J.L. Edmonds Project". The J.L. Edmonds Project.
  75. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 449, ¶ 4688.
  76. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 450, ¶ 4689.
  77. ^ Cite error: The named reference bp-sentinel was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  78. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3629.
  79. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 604, ¶ 6317.
  80. ^ Sloan 1977, p. 108.
  81. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 44, ¶ 449.
  82. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 271, ¶ 2843.
  83. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 298, ¶ 3134.
  84. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 531, ¶ 5544.
  85. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 564, ¶ 5886.
  86. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 610, ¶ 6379.
  87. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 611, ¶ 6384.
  88. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 611, ¶ 6387.
  89. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 612, ¶ 6395.
  90. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 297, ¶ 3133.
  91. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 330, ¶ 3456.
  92. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3625.
  93. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3628.
  94. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 346, ¶ 3630.
  95. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 347, ¶ 3631.
  96. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 392, ¶ 4085.
  97. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 506, ¶ 5285.
  98. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 578, ¶ 6044.
  99. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference loc-pictorial was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  100. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 525, ¶ 5486.
  101. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 526, ¶ 5494.
  102. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 531, ¶ 5540.
  103. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 532, ¶ 5549.
  104. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 567, ¶ 5924.
  105. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 605, ¶ 6320.
  106. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 611, ¶ 6390.
  107. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 162, ¶ 1680.
  108. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 104, ¶ 1074.
  109. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 470, ¶ 4901.
  110. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5221.
  111. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5223.
  112. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5222.
  113. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 445, ¶ 4643.

Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "bp-sentinel" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-bakersfield-advocate" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-challenger" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-eagle-altadena" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-eagle-pasadena" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-news-bakersfield" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-news-publication" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-outlook" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-outlook-news" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-outlook-news-publication" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "loc-pictorial" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).
Cite error: A list-defined reference with the name "san-francisco" has been invoked, but is not defined in the <references> tag (see the help page).

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