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Potential Topics
edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations This article does not really contain any information regarding U.S. involvement in the country before the early 2000's. I would like to dive deeper into history and add information from the cold war period
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcos_P%C3%A9rez_Jim%C3%A9nez This article needs expansion according to Wikiproject Venezuela. I plan do add sources, but I am particularly interested in his regime and its violence against critics.
Sections
editJimenez Regime (April 1953-December 1958)
editUnder the rule of the Dictator Marcos Perez Jimenez, the Venezuelan economy experienced a boom, born from Venezuela's great oil wealth. During this prosperity, foreign investment, particularly from American oil companies, grew along with the support from the Jimenez Regime. In 1952, the Treaty of Reciprocal Trade with the United States was renewed, which permitted a wide range of manufactured products from the U.S. to flow into Venezuela, overrunning national markets.[1] Additionally, the staunchly anti-communist regime allowed and supported the exploitation of the country's natural resources by the American oil industry, as a portion of the profits made its way from companies like Mobil and Exxon[2] to the personal coffers of Perez Jimenez. For his support of these American companies, he received the Legion of Merit from the U.S. Government in 1954.[3]
At the same time, United States intelligence agencies collaborated with Perez's Seguridad Nacional to silence communist voices in Venezuela. The Seguridad Nacional, headed by Pedro Estrada, disappeared and tortured thousands of Venezuelans, both in it's headquarters in Caracas and in a confinement camp on Guasina Island in the jungles of the Orinoco. When a coup overthrew Jimenez, more than 400 prisoners were found in the basement of the headquarters of the Seguridad Nacional.[4] In the days following the coup, United States troops were sent to the Caribbean, in the event their assistance would be required.[5]
Sources
editBond, Robert D. 1977. Contemporary Venezuela and Its Role in International Affairs. New York: New York University Press. "A mid 1970's text detailing Venezuela's relationships with countries abroad, including the U.S. This older text will provide a different perspective than more contemporary texts."
Szulc, Tad. 1959. Twilight of the Tyrants. 1St ed. New York: Holt. "A book discussing several Latin American dictators, including Marcos Perez Jimenez, a U.S. backed dictator who silenced his opposition."
Rother, Larry. “Marcos Perez Jimenez, 87, Venezuelan Ruler.” New York Time, 22 Sept. 2001, nyti.ms/2hA270v. "A New York Times article detailing the life of Jimenez after his death in 2001."
Turner, Louis. "The Oil Majors in World Politics." International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-) 52, no. 3 (1976): 368-80. doi:10.2307/2616551.
Coronil, Fernando. 1997. The Magical State : Nature, Money, and Modernity in Venezuela. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Karl, Terry Lynn. "Petroleum and Political Pacts: The Transition to Democracy in Venezuela." Latin American Research Review 22, no. 1 (1987): 63-94
- ^ Terry Lynn, Karl (1987). "Petroleum and Political Pacts: The Transition to Democracy in Venezuela". Latin American Research Review. 22 (1): 63–94.
- ^ Turner, Lous (1976). "The Oil Majors in World Poilitics". International Affairs. 52 (3): 368–380.
- ^ Szulc, Tad (1959). Twilight of Tyrants. New York.
- ^ Rother, larry (9/22/2001). "Marcos Perez Jimenez, 87, Venezuela Ruler". New York Times.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Terry Lynn, Karl (1987). "Petroleum and Political Pacts: The Transition to Democracy in Venezuela". Latin American Research Review. 22 (1): 63–94.