THIS IS A SAMPLE SORTABLE LIST, WHICH COULD BE USED FOR THE WIKIPEDIA PAGE ON MULTIPLE INDEPENDENT DISCOVERIES:

Discovery/Invention Date of first discovery or invention First discoverer or inventor Date of second discovery or invention Second discoverer or inventor Date of third discovery or invention Third discoverer or inventor and others Details of discovery or invention
Description of an efficient algorithm to compute the discrete Fourier transform 1805 (published 1866) [1] Carl Friedrich Gauss 1965 James W. Cooley and John W. Tukey[2]
Cadmium 1817 Friedrich Strohmeyer 1817 K.S.L Hermann
Grotthuss–Draper law (aka the Principle of Photochemical Activation) 1817 Theodor Grotthuss 1842 John William Draper
Beryllium 1828 Friedrich Wöhler 1828 A.A.B. Bussy
Electromagnetic induction[3] 1831 Michael Faraday 1831 Joseph Henry
Chloroform 1831 (July) Samuel Guthrie 1831 (after July) Eugène Soubeiran 1831 (after July) Justus von Liebig All three discoverers used variations of the haloform reaction.
Non-Euclidian geometry 1805 (unpublished result) Carl Friedrich Gauss 1830 Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky 1832 János Bolyai
Dandelin–Gräffe method, aka Lobachevsky method 1826 Germinal Pierre Dandelin 1837 Karl Heinrich Gräffe 1834 Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky. This is an algorithm for finding multiple roots of a polynomial
Electrical telegraph 1837 Charles Wheatstone 1837 Samuel F.B. Morse
First law of thermodynamics 1842 Julius Robert von Mayer 1843 James Joule 1843 Ludwig A. Colding The question of priority became a celebrated dispute.
Discovery of Neptune 1846 (September) Urbain Le Verrier 1846 (September) John Couch Adams Both Le Verrier and Adams had independently proved, based on an analysis of Uranus' orbit, that another, farther planet must exist. Neptune was found at the predicted moment and position.
Möbius strip 1858 August Ferdinand Möbius 1858 Johann Benedict Listing
Theory of evolution by natural selection 1840 (approx. date of unpublished discovery) Charles Darwin 1857-8 Alfred Russel Wallace Darwin and Wallace pubished jointly in 1859, after Wallace had contacted Darwin privately to reveal the content of what he thought was his own discovery.
109P/Swift–Tuttle (the comet generating the Perseid meteor shower). 1862 (July 16) Lewis Swift 1862 (July 19) Horace Parnell Tuttle 1992 Tsuruhiko Kiuchi Kiuchi’s rediscovery took place when the comet made a return appearance.
Helium 1868 (Aug. 18) Pierre Jansen 1868 (Aug. 18) Norman Lockyer Both Janssen and Lockyer discovered helium by studying the same solar eclipse.[4]
periodic table of chemical elements. 1869 Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev 1870 Julius Lothar Meyer
Description of the entry of sperm into the egg and the subsequent fusion of the egg and sperm nuclei to form a single new nucleus. 1876 Oskar Hertwig 1876 Hermann Fol
Invention of the telephone 1876 Elisha Gray 1876 Alexander Graham Bell Both Gray and Bell filed a patent for this invention on the same day.
Phonograph 1877 Charles Cros 1878 Thomas Edison
The Hall–Héroult process for inexpensively producing aluminum [5] 1886 Charles Martin Hall 1886 Paul Héroult
The proof of the prime number theorem (the asymptotic law of the distribution of prime numbers). 1896 Jacques Hadamard 1896 Charles de la Vallée-Poussin
The sound law now known as the Saussure–Fortunatov law.[6] [Filip Fyodorovich Fortunatov]] Ferdinand de Saussure


References

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  1. ^ Gauss, Carl Friedrich, "Nachlass: Theoria interpolationis methodo nova tractata", Werke, Band 3, Göttingen, Königliche Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, 1866, pp. 265–327.
  2. ^ Heideman, M. T., D. H. Johnson, and C. S. Burrus, "Gauss and the history of the fast Fourier transform," Archive for History of Exact Sciences, vol. 34, no. 3 (1985), pp. 265–277.
  3. ^ Halliday et al., Physics, vol. 2, 2002, p. 775.
  4. ^ "Aug. 18, 1868: Helium Discovered During Total Solar Eclipse", http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2009/08/dayintech_0818/
  5. ^ Isaac Asimov, Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, p. 933.
  6. ^ N.E. Collinge, The Laws of Indo-European, pp. 149-52.