Tagetes petula - French Marigold General Features: This plant is growing natural in Medireaneaen climated countries (for example Turkey, Italy, Greece, Spain, Algerie, Tunisia and South France. I took this capture near a stream in the city center of Bursa. But it was growed by people whole Europe and the USA. Because it has pretty flowers and so useful medicinal plant, belongs to Compositeae Family. Physical Characteristics: Annual growing to 0.5m by 0.3m It is hardy to zone 9 and is frost tender. It is in flower from July to October, and the seeds ripen in September. The flowers are hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Insects. It is noted for attracting wildlife. The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, requires well-drained soil and can grow in heavy clay soil. The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It requires dry or moist soil. Edible Uses: Colouring; Condiment; Drink. The flowers are used in refreshing drinks. The leaves are used as a food flavouring. No further details are given. The essential oil is used as a food flavouring, though it is inferior to the oil obtained from T. minuta. The dried flowers are an adulterant of saffron(Crocus sativus), used for colouring foods yellow. Medicinal Uses: Aromatic; Digestive; Diuretic; Sedative.The whole herb is aromatic, digestive, diuretic and sedative. It is used internally in the treatment of indigestion, colic, severe constipation, coughs and dysentery. Externally, it is used to treat sore eyes and rheumatism. The leaves are harvested as required for immediate use during the growing season, whilst the flowering plant can be dried and stored for later use. Other Uses: Dye; Essential; Insecticide; Repellent.Secretions from the roots of growing plants have an insecticidal effect on the soil, effective against nematodes and to some extent against keeled slugs. These secretions are produced about 3 - 4 months after sowing. The whole plant is harvested when in flower and distilled for its essential oil.The oil is used in perfumery, it is blended with sandalwood oil to produce 'attar genda' perfume. About 35 kilos of oil can be extracted from 1 hectare of the plant (yielding 2,500 kilos of flowers and 25,000 kilos of herbage). The whole plant contains substances that are toxic to cockroaches. The growing plant repels whitefly and can be grown near tomatoes to keep that crop free of the insect. A yellow dye is obtained from the flowers. It is used to colour foods and textiles. The flowers are sometimes used as an adulterant of saffron (obtained from Crocus sativus).
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