User:James Shelton32/sandbox

Second presidency of Carlos Andrés Pérez

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Mourning y Fl======

Hermann, Sharon, ed. (1993). "Athropods Associated with Long Leaf Pine Habitats in the United States: a Brief Overview" (PDF). Proceedings of the Tall Timbers Fire and Ecology Conference. 18. Tallahassee, Florida: Tall Timbers Research Station.

Northern gray-cheeked salamander

The male and female perform a courtship, where the male nudges the female with his snout, does a foot dance, then circles under the female and the two then walk together.

http://www.virginiaherpetologicalsociety.com/amphibians/salamanders/northern-gray-cheeked-salamander/Northern%20Gray-cheeked%20Salamander.php

is part of the Jordan’s Salamanders complex

nt, then purge the page.

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format For references with author credit

The Gray-cheeked Salamander commonly eats millipedes, earthworms, crane flies, spiders, and centipedes and less commonly eats ants, mites, and springtails.

"Red-cheeked Salamander, Plethodon jordani". Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency. Retrieved 30 January 2021. For references without author credit

{{cite web}}: Empty citation (help)

Ecology

Life cycle

A red-cheeked salamander, a close relative, lived to be 30 years in captivity.

Diet

done

Distribution

Northern gray-cheeked salamanders (Plethodon montanus) are recently described members of the P. jordani complex (Highton and Peabody, 2000). They tend to occur at higher elevations on Flat Top, Buckhorn, Burkes Garden, Knob, Clinch, and Brumley mountains in the Valley and Ridge Province of Virginia, and on Roan, Bald, Black, Max Patch, and Sandymush mountains in the Blue Ridge Province of Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee. There is no evidence to suggest that the current distribution differs from the historical distribution. A history of the nomenclature of this species is given in Highton and Peabody (2000). Much of the literature that deals with Plethodon metcalfi (southern gray-cheeked salamanders) refers to this species.

https://bscit.berkeley.edu/cgi/amphib_query?where-genus=Plethodon&where-species=montanus&account=lannoo

1David A. Beamer Department of Biology East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina 27858 dab0909@mail.ecu.edu

2Michael J. Lannoo Muncie Center for Medical Education Indiana University School of Medicine MT 201 Ball State University Muncie, Indiana 47306 mlannoo@bsu.edu

Adult Habitat. Northern gray-cheeked salamanders have been recorded from both virgin and second-growth forest (Dunn, 1917a; Gordon et al., 1962). Northern gray-cheeked salamanders in Avery County, North Carolina, are found in mixed mesophytic forest with a canopy consisting of read and white oak, maples, buckeyes, ironwood, gum, tulip trees, and a few scattered hemlocks. The understory at this site is sparse and composed of jewelweed, nettle shield fern, pipsissewa, goldenrod, twayblade, bellflowers, and pinesap (Gordon et al., 1962).

Northern gray-cheeked salamanders sometimes forage above ground. Many have been observed on trunks and low branches of shrubs ≤ 1 m from the ground. Groups were observed feeding on fungal gnats around decaying fungi, or on fruit flies and other insects at the base of trees from which sap flowed (Gordon et al., 1962).

The following food items are reported from specimens from Grandfather Mountain, Avery County, North Carolina: Formicidae, Araneida, lepidopteran larvae, coleopteran larvae, Collembola, Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Acarina, Stylommatophora, dipteran larvae, Annelida, Tipulidae, Lepidoptera, shed skin, Ichneumonidae, Diptera, Gryllacrididae, Cicadellidae, Coleoptera, Miridae, Cantharidae, Chrysomelidae, Stylommatophora, Isopoda, Cynipodea, Hymenoptera, Phoridae, Psychodidae, Chironomidae, Cydnidae, Fulgoridae, Scarabaeidae, Reduviidae, Carabidae, Curculionidae, Chelonethida, Vespidae, Gryllidae, Simuliidae, Histeridae, Pentatomidae, Mecoptera, Tingidae, Elateridae, Otitidae, Mycetophilidae, Cryptophagidae, Culicidae, Aphididae, Phalacridae, Dolichopodidae, Staphylinidae, Fungivoridae, and Hemiptera. Ants, mites, and springtails were eaten less frequently by larger individuals while millipedes, earthworms, craneflies, spiders, and centipedes were eaten more frequently. In general, the number of different food items increases in larger individuals (Whitaker and Rubin, 1971).

Conservation activities that promote mature closed-canopy forests should benefit this species

AmphibiaWeb. 2022. <https://amphibiaweb.org> University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Accessed 28 Sep 2022.

A&D

Railroad Company in 1896

The railroad company was organized as the Richmond and Mecklenburg which was operated by the Southern Railway in 1896. All but one of the board of Directors and the two officers lived in New York City, New York. The railroad employed 315 people in 1896. There were company officers, clerks, firemen, engine men, conductors, ticket agents, carpenters, foremen, laborers and telegraph operators and dispatchers. The trains carried passengers and mail and freight. Freight consisted of arm products such as flour, wheat, hay, tobacco and fruits and vegetables as well as livestock, meats, wool and leather. The trains carried Coal and a lumber to market. The trains brought in petroleum, oil, naval stores, cast iron products, machinery, cement, brick, lime, agricultural tools, wagons, alcoholic beverages, furniture and housewares. The train had one passenger car for passengers, bags and mail. There were two boxcars, three flatcars for lumber or over-sized objects and six coal cars. There was one injury to an employee in 1896. Western Union operated the telegraph on the track.

stations

The Atlantic and Danville Railroad had a 205 mile main line, Norfolk and Danville, in 1951. West Norfolk and Boon was a six mile spur. The train main line had trains that left Norfolk at 10:01 PM and arrived in Danville at 5:45 AM the next day. Then left at Danville at 8:45 PM and arrived in Norfolk at 5:40 AM the next day.

• Norfolk and Danville
  • Norfolk
  • Portsmouth
  • Pinners Point, which now has Pinners Point Interchange.
  • Boone, a populated place in Chesapeake, Virginia
  • Suffolk
  • Holland
  • Franklin
  • Courtland
  • Drewryville
  • Emporia
  • Pleasant Shade, between where Virginia State Route 607 crosses the A&D and U.S. Route 58.
  • Lawrenceville
  • Brodnax
  • La Crosse
  • South Hill
  • Union Level
  • Baskerville
  • Boydton
  • Jeffress, where Virginia State Route 702 crosses the A&D.
  • Antlers, where Virginia State Route 678 crosses the A&D.
  • South Clarksville
  • Buffalo Junction
  • Virgilina
  • Denniston, where Virginia State Route 711 crosses the A&D.
  • Milton stop for Milton, North Carolina
  • Danville

• West Norfolk and Boone
  • West Norfolk
  • Churchland
  • Boone

Brodnax

Atlantic and Danville Railway

https://law.lis.virginia.gov/charters/brodnax/

Became a small line on the Norfolk and Western. in 1962

Brodnax Brodnax, Virginia

La Crosse, Virginia

General Assembly Chartered the People Warehouse Company in 1902 in La Crosse.

http://www.townoflacrosse.org/

https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?011+ful+SJ359

have photo.

South Air Line Railroad

Successor? Eastern Shore Railroad Bay Coast Railroad 2006

Connection? Baltimore, Chesapeake and Atlantic Railway

can't find much

PARIETTE WETLANDS

Ecology

Wikipedia:WikiProject United States/Requested Articles https://utah.com/pariette-wetlands https://www.blm.gov/visit/search-details/257242/1

George Wurtzel

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_States/Requested_Articles Paralympic athletes from the United States of America http://www.gmwurtzel.com/http/wwwstartribunecom/lifestyle/263977471html

http://www.gmwurtzel.com/newest-work http://www.gmwurtzel.com/about

https://www.thestar.com.my/lifestyle/people/2014/07/25/my-eyes-are-in-my-hands-blind-craftsman-george-wurtzels-magic-touch

https://nfb.org/images/nfb/publications/bm/bm16/bm1605/bm160502.htm

https://www.facebook.com/george.wurtzel.9

http://www.startribune.com/woodworker-s-magic-touch-you-learn-to-see-with-your-hands/263977471/

https://www.wfxrtv.com/news/blind-woodworker-who-starred-in-commercial-to-open-tennessee-gallery/

https://www.kalw.org/post/napa-blind-woodworker-makes-art-accessible-everybody#stream/0

http://lighthouse-sf.org/tag/george-wurtzel/

Suffolk County

Chinese Exclusion https://www.southernfoodways.org/oral-history/a-box-of-virginia-yock/ https://pilotonline.com/life/flavor/restaurants/article_171102a2-a008-11e8-ac0b-a7a26bbe137d.html

https://pilotonline.com/life/flavor/article_cdc0b2d7-4e10-59bf-8097-9db754c1c5fc.html

W.F.Foster

W.F.Foster Tuskegee University Tuskegee Railroad http://www.alabamapioneers.com/tuskegee-institute-was-started/

Swift Creek (Virginia)

Bridges

Swift Creek Rail Bridge Beach Rd I95

Swift Creek Reservoir

http://www.chesterfield.gov/content2.aspx?id=2854 https://wtvr.com/2014/08/07/solving-the-gas-powered-boat-mystery-at-swift-creek-reservoir/

Pocahontas State Park

Beaver Lake https://www.dgif.virginia.gov/waterbody/swift-creek-lake/

Near Point of Rocks.

Map pf proposed railroad https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3881p.rr004800/

Consolidation, route, Philly Investors

Harry Firmstone "New River Coke" https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/VLR_to_transfer/PDFNoms/003-0338_Longdale_Furnace_Historic_District_1995_Final_Nomination.pdf

cut-Longdale stopped use of charcoal for trains when train reached new river coal field. Longdale built water wheel for blowing to make iron with coke, then in 1887 started using steam power. In 1877 built a narrow gauge railroad to the furnace.

McKinney, Gordon B. “The Mountain Republican Party-Army.” Tennessee Historical Quarterly, vol. 32, no. 2, 1973, pp. 124–139. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/42623372.

William Eggleston https://www.unirel.vt.edu/history/administration/eggleston_william.html

G.C Whartom http://www.vahistoryexchange.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/CHAPTER-4.pdf

Settlements https://www.forgottenbooks.com/de/download/AHistoryofMiddleNewRiverSettlements_10169038.pdf

Conflict with the kanawa canal https://archive.org/stream/cu31924022882330/cu31924022882330_djvu.txt

City Point Railroad

Lewes, David (20 May 2003). WINDOWS INTO THE PAST: ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THREE CITY POINT LOTS, CITY OF HOPEWELL, VIRGINIA (PDF) (Report). William and Mary Center for Archaeological Research. p. 18-20. Retrieved 20 November 2017.

http://www.goordnance.army.mil/history/Staff%20Ride/STAND%202%20CITY%20POINT%20JAMES%20RIVER%20SHORLINE/NPS%20Monograph%20-%20Brief%20History%20of%20City%20Point.pdf

https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/pete/ugrr.pdf

This short-line played a crucial role in the US Civil War during the Siege of Petersburg in 1864-1865, and was operated by the United States Military Railroad (USMRR) for more than a year.

http://www.willegal.net/railroad/citypoint/cphistory.htm

https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/pete/ugrr.pdf

http://civilwarintheeast.com/things/city-point-army-railroad/

http://www.willegal.net/railroad/citypoint/cprailroad.htm

https://www.goordnance.army.mil/history/Staff%20Ride/STAND%202%20CITY%20POINT%20JAMES%20RIVER%20SHORLINE/City%20Point%20-%20The%20Tool%20that%20Gave%20Grant%20Victory.pdf

After the War, it became part of the Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad formed in 1870, and was the oldest portion of the Norfolk and Western when it was formed in 1881. Today the former City Point Railroad is part of the Norfolk Southern system.

Southside Railroad

stops

This town was a stop on the Southside Railroad in the mid-nineteenth Century. This became the Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad in 1870 and then a line in the Norfolk and Western Railway and now the Norfolk Southern Railway. The rail line from Burkville to Pamplin City was converted by Virginia Department of Parks and Recreation into High Bridge Trail State Park.

This short-line played a crucial role in the US Civil War during the Siege of Petersburg in 1864-1865, and was operated by the United States Military Railroad (USMRR) for more than a year.

After the War, it became part of the Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad formed in 1870, and was the oldest portion of the Norfolk and Western when it was formed in 1881.

In 1850, the City of Petersburg invested the money in the Southside Railroad by purchasing one million dollars of stock.

http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n85308837/

Checck for facts and relevance In a meeting at Appomattox about the time of the surrender, defeated Confederate General Robert E. Lee urged his generals to go home and start rebuilding. To the good fortune of the Southside Railroad, one of his more able young commanders, Major General William Mahone (1826–1895), did just that.

In the pre-war years, "Little Billy" Mahone of Southampton County had been educated at Virginia Military Institute as a civil engineer. A dynamic man of small stature, from 1853 to 1858, he headed the construction of the well-engineered Norfolk and Petersburg Railroad, described by occupying Union forces during the Civil War as "decidedly the best road in Virginia." Mahone had been President of the N&P prior to the war, and was well aware of many aspects of the Southside Railroad, as his road connected with it at Petersburg. He was an able leader during the war, best known as the hero of the Battle of the Crater in 1864, in which he rallied troops and foiled an initial Union success during the Siege of Petersburg.

After the war, Mahone returned to his old job and quickly set about repairing the N&P. Meanwhile,

the managers of the Southside Railroad also worked hard to restore service and rebuild bridges, stations, and rolling stock. The war had demonstrated the need to consolidate resources and connections, and

The U.S. government also rebuilt and operated the Clover Hill, the Richmond and Petersburg, the Seaboard and Roanoke and the Richmond and Danville.

Atlantic, Mississippi and Ohio Railroad

moving from southside

The A,M & O did well for several years, but fell on hard times in the financial panic of 1873, which negatively impacted almost all of the railroads. After several years of operating under receiverships, Mahone's role as a railroad builder ended in 1881 when northern interests purchased the A,M, & O and renamed it Norfolk and Western.

Norfolk and Western

Lots on the Norfolk and Western through 493, 475 477 contracts with Southern and adams express company, contracts with Western Union.

Today the former City Point Railroad is part of the Norfolk Southern system.

moved The N&W merged with the smaller but also highly efficient Virginian Railway in 1959, facilitating a more favorable route for eastbound coal than offered by the former Southside Railroad west of Burkeville. However, from that point east, the combination brought an increase to the Southside Railroad alignment as former VGN traffic was rerouted through Crewe to connect with the former N & P on its way to Lambert;'s Point. Norfolk & Western Railway was combined with the Southern Railway, another profitable carrier, to form Norfolk Southern Railway (NS) in 1982.

Petersburg and Norfolk Railroad

| start = Norfolk,Virginia | stops = | end = Petersburg,Virginia | distance = 85 miles

James Shelton32/sandbox

Petersburg Railroad

http://www.petersburgproject.org/u-s-military-railroad.html

https://www.trainorders.com/discussion/read.php?11,1987540,nodelay=1 Rebuilding of the p r Lewis, J.D. (c. 2017). "North Carolina Railroads - Raleigh & Gaston Railroad". North Carolina - Railroads. Retrieved 12/28/2017. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)

Lewis, J.D. (c. 2017). "North Carolina Railroads - Raleigh & Gaston Railroad". North Carolina - Railroads. Retrieved 12/28/2017. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)

Raleigh & Gaston Rail Road - 1840

http://www.carolana.com/NC/Transportation/railroads/nc_rrs_raleigh_gaston.html

Virginia Midland Railway

Map of the Virginia Midland Railway and its Connections South, West and Southwest

Orange and Alexandria Railroad Company

Orange and Alexandria Railroad Company

Overview
Headquarters	Alexandria,Virginia
Locale	Virginia
Dates of operation	1848–1867
Successor	Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad

Already written

27th of March 1848 24th of April 1867

Alexandria, Virginia Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad

Secretary Thomas C Atkinson its Chief Engineer

George II Smoot of Alexandria was elected President of the Company and Henry Daingerfield and Dr William I Powell of Alexandria were elected Directors The Company was duly organized under its charter and the general railroad law passed March 11th 1837 By an Act passed February 27th 1849 the City of Alexandria was authorized to subscribe to the stock of the road

Manassas Gap Railroad

Already written

Manassas Gap Railroad March the 9th of 1850 April 24th 1867 Alexandria, Virginia Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad

Manassas Gap Railroad

Overview
Headquarters	Alexandria,Virginia
Locale	Virginia
Dates of operation	1850–1867
Successor	Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad

A Called Meeting in Alexandria January 12th 1853 accepted Act of Legislature entitled an Act authorizing the Board of Public Works to subscribe $165,000, later increased to $400,000 then $800,000 to the Capital Stock of the Manassas Gap Railroad Company passed December 6th 1852.

All the other meetings of the Company were held without any incident or action until April 24th 1867 and it is unnecessary to cumber this record with any note of them During the war the track of this Road was almost at the line of battle of the contending armies and was therefore desolated The iron was torn up bridges pulled down and cross ties burned as a consequence it was unable to put itself in running order to pay its debts and to complete its extension to Harrisonburg its western terminus according to its charter Arrangements were therefore made for its consolidation with the Orange and Alexandria Railroad.

Orange Alexandria and Manassas Railroad

Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad April 24th 1867 Alexandria, Virginia

Orange, Alexandria and Manassas Railroad

Overview
Headquarters	Alexandria,Virginia
Locale	Virginia
Dates of operation	1867–
Successor	[[]]

https://books.google.com/books?id=vV4EAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false

Seaboard and Roanoke Railroad

Get Badge get Suffolk Stations Picture when going to the dismal swamp.

William Mahone

moved 1872

http://www.mahonestavern.org/page/after-the-war-between-the-states/

Mahone was able to arrange for a portion of the State's proceeds of the sale to help found a school to prepare teachers to help educate black children and former slaves. The Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute near Petersburg was forerunner of Virginia State College, which expanded to become Virginia State University.

Convict Labor

Businesses using Convict Labor in

2. Counties of Wythe, Carol and Grayson on the wythe and Grayson and Raleigh and Grayson Turnpike 3. 4. Henrico, CHesterfield, Powhatan and Goochland for roads.

page 115

wythe and Grayson and Raleigh and Grayson Turnpike

https://www.nytimes.com/real-estate/usa/va/bland/homes-for-sale/raleigh-grayson-turnpike-bland-va-24315/403-61941#slideshow/photos/1

http://www.newrivernotes.com/grayson_history_government_transportation_and_roads.htm

http://184.168.105.185/archivegrid/collection/data/294902142

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_turnpikes_in_Virginia_and_West_Virginia parent page

Chinese Exclusion Act

explorer to chinia

Soil Mesofauna

https://books.google.com/books?id=-l2MXViNpzIC&pg=PA43&lpg=PA43&dq=Hassink+1993+soil+mesofauna&source=bl&ots=GXl5-W_j_X&sig=leY044U_fGbDkmIwVWAquE56Gp0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiTouXn-PjWAhWL24MKHXflBjYQ6AEIVjAH#v=onepage&q=Hassink%201993%20soil%20mesofauna&f=false

{{cite journal |last1=Hassink |first1=J. |last2= |first2= |date=January 1993 |title=Relationships between habitable pore space, soil biota and mineralization rates in grassland soils |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223525416_Relationships_between_habitable_pore_space_soil_biota_and_mineralization_rates_in_grassland_soils |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=

Gobat J-M, Aragno M, Matthey W (2010) Le sol vivant. Bases de pédologie – Biologie des sols. Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes. 3 e édition revue et corrigée

Richard Eppes

https://www.amazon.com/reader/1490968946?_encoding=UTF8&page=random

Slavery and the Underground Railroad at the E… (Paperback)by U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service, Marie Tyler-McGraw

Sunray

The Virginian Railway

http://www.nwhs.org/archivesdb/detail.php?ID=97533

Store

http://www.markcareyschesapeake.com/books.html http://historyarchives.org/misc/sunrayfinal.pdf Sophia Barnack's store had beer and soda's at a table and Polish American Polka music along with Country musics.

List of secondary state highways in Virginia

Virginia State Route 600 (Buckingham and Cumberland Counties)

See also: [[:Buckingham Plank Road, (pre-????)]]

Virginia State Route 600 (Buckingham and Cumberland Counties) is a secondary state highway in Buckingham and Cumberland of the U.S. state of Virginia. It runs north–south along {Plank Road, lying between Virginia State Route 45 and Virginia State Route 15, from a State Route 45 at Farmville north to State Route 712 west to Loop Rd on State Route 15.

Most of SR 600 has never been a primary state highway, but the section from _______, Virgiia________ north to _____ at Capeville was part of State Route 186 until 1951, when U.S. Route 13 was rerouted from Cape Charles to Kiptopeke.

SR 600 was numbered by 19__, and initially ran from ___ at _____ to _____ in _____, using part of current State Route 605 to Accomac. It was extended south to Kiptopeke in 1951, replacing part of SR 186.

Marzoni House

https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?searchId=11439&recCount=25&recPointer=1&bibId=11280576

Western Railway of Alabama

Ask for permission for tuskegee photo http://hawkinsrails.net/industrials/trmmc/trmmc.htm

https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3971p.rr001790/

R$P

Bridge

supply lines https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3860.cw0036500/ Destruction https://www.loc.gov/item/cwp2003000648/PP/ 1867

http://www.richmondrailroadmuseum.org/railroad_history.htm 1836 http://www.historyreplaystoday.com/2012/03/richmond-petersburg-railroad-bridge.html

1859

https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3880.ct006372/ [[File:|thumb|left|]]

A map of the state of Virginia, constructed in conformity to law from the late surveys authorized by the legislature and other original and authentic documents. 1859

C.1866- 1877

https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3884r.cw1035000/ [[File:|thumb|left|]]

The Panic of 1857

Destinations. 1853 coal for Baltimore

coal for philly http://virginiachronicle.com/cgi-bin/virginia?a=d&d=TMM18530704.1.2&srpos=19&e=--1853---1853--en-20-TMM-1--txt-txIN-marine------

1700 Canal COnnection

Map of the Region with Roads. https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3880.ar143600/

Manchester Coal

https://books.google.com/books?id=kVMLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA329&lpg=PA329&dq=epps+falls,+appomattox+river&source=bl&ots=VimfOlmsb4&sig=l7IggQji4V-3wkyFakOhAaMnljo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjj4NXc_v7OAhXFuB4KHS53BRQQ6AEINzAE#v=onepage&q=epps%20falls%2C%20appomattox%20river&f=false

Farmville

"The coal deposits centered around Farmville are collectively called the “Farmville Triassic Basin,” which stretches from Cumberland State Park to Briery Creek, with only a small portion straying into Buckingham. The Triassic is the first period of the Mesozoic Era, which began about 250 million years ago. The end of the Triassic period was the beginning of the Jurassic period, so there were no dinosaurs in Farmville when these coal deposits were laid down." Farmville Herald

Coal was mined in the Briery Creek Watershed near Prince Edward Courthouse from as early as 1834 and by the Piedmont Mining Company in in the 1860's.

The Triassic Basins west of Richmond were developed next. Coal was mined from the Briery Creek basin near Prince Edward Courthouse in the 1840's, and the Piedmont Coal Company mine opened in the Farmville basin in 1860.4 http://www.virginiaplaces.org/geology/coal.html

coal was first mined in Virginia from the Richmond, Briery Creek, and Farmville basins, up to fifty years before the Appalachian coal fields were developed http://www.virginiaplaces.org/geology/coal.html

Appomattox Canal Map

https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3880.cw0465290a/

Westham

Westham Before the Canal Westham Plank Road 1. http://www.oregonhill.net/a-history-of-the-jacob-house/

2. book

Kanawha Canal

In 1851 the General Assembly chartered the Westham Plank Road Company to build a plank road from Westham to Richmond.

Plank Road

http://us.geoview.info/plank_road,19914262w

Midlothian Coal Mines

Slave Holders bought insurance policies for enslaved Africans working in the Mid Lothian Coal Mines located in Chesterfield County, Virginia.

Farmville basin

Get permission from DMME for chart. PD-US-1989 Table of minerals Text before table...

Cells left-aligned, table centered

Duis	aute	irure
dolor	in reprehenderit	in voluptate velit
esse cillum dolore	eu fugiat nulla	pariatur.

...text after table

Clover Hill Railroad

• https://www.dmme.virginia.gov/commercedocs/PUB_85.pdf

• • https://www.geocaching.com/geocache/GC3Q45C_brighthope-shafts-clover-hill-mine-series

• • https://beta.worldcat.org/archivegrid/collection/data/261341180

Richmond and Petersburg Railroad

add

R&P Causeway http://www.historicalmarkerproject.com/markers/HM19KL_appomattox-river-heritage-trail_Petersburg-VA.html

Map 1888

Map from 1888 showing the stops on the Stops on the Richmond and Petersburg as passenger travel becomes more popular.

Passenger travel

https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3880.ct006372/ and NC Connections south and north. Furthest destinations.

Connection to the RP&F https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3884rm.gct00070/?sp=3

Farmville and Powhatan

Promise of Minerals Link to Farmville Coal Company Bankruptcy

Lithia Springs - Bottled but not a destination badge.

Lawsuit with the State Corporation Commission

Telegraph lawsuit JStor https://archive.org/stream/jstor-1099242/1099242?ui=embed#page/n0/mode/1up

Telegraph lawsuit.

Telegraph Appeal

Langbourne M. WIlliams p 52

References

New Article to read http://www.farmvilleherald.com/2015/12/the-farmville-coal-iron-company-3/

Category:Railway services discontinued in 1917 Category:Rail freight transportation in the United States Category:Defunct Virginia railroads

Centralia Station

was there a half mile spur to this to get people to the ACL?

Chester Station

Need photo of remaining stuff

don't have dates, just whistle stop on 1944 schedule - Village article

Same as Trolly Stop - prited schedule

Seaboard

Starts 1900

Bright Hope Bridge

Is this the wooden Bridge?

1881

crosses Richmond and Petersburg Railroad then in 1898 Atlantic Coast Line Railroad

Ironbridge

two question, when was it said only two bridges and one is wooden? before the SAL? Infobox bridge | name = Ironbridge (Chester, Virginia) | native_name = | native_name_lang = en | image = | image_upright = | alt = Ironbridge in Chester, Virginia | caption = Ironbridge in Chester, Virginia | lat = | long = | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_region = US-VA | os_grid_reference = | carries = Steam locomotives. | crosses = The Seaboard Air Line. | locale = Chesterfield County, Virginia | official_name = | other_name = | named_for = | owner = Clover Hill Railroad, Brighthope Railway, Farmville and Powhatan Railroad,and then Tidewater and Western Railroad | maint = | heritage = | id = | id_type = | website = | preceded = | followed = | design = Beam bridge | material = Iron | material1 = | material2 = | length = 142 ft. | width = | height = | depth = | traversable = | towpath = | mainspan = | number_spans = | piers_in_water = | load = | clearance_above = | clearance_below = | lanes = 1 | life = | num_track = | track_gauge = 3 ft (914 mm) | structure_gauge = | electrification = | architect = | designer = | contracted_designer = | winner = | engineering = | builder = | fabricator = | begin = | complete = c.1881 | cost = | open = | inaugurated = | rebuilt = | collapsed = | closed = 1917 | replaces = | replaced_by = | traffic = 2 Passenger or passenger and freight trains each way six days a week. Up to six coal trains each way daily. | toll = | map_type = | map_relief = | map_dot_label =

| map_image =

| map_size = | map_alt = The Brighthope Railway over the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad is shown in Chesterfield County, Virginia in 1861. | map_caption = The Brighthope Railway over the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad is shown in southern Chesterfield, Virginia, on a map a map drawn by La Prade in 1888.

142 ft.

Beam Bridge

Crossed Sebring Atlantic Line

The Tidewater and Western Railroad included a bridge over the Atlantic Coast Line that had been built a earlier railroad company, the Brighthope Railroad. The Ironbridge was a Granite and Iron Beam Bridge over Swift Creek. The Iron Bridge was used during the whole time the four railroad companies operated rails over the bridge. The metal on the bridge was sold as part of foreclosure of the final company in 1917. The bridge was located at the beginning of present day Ironbridge Road.