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Other Information and Thoughts

In Arabidopsis there are four known gene families, TAS1, TAS2, TAS3, and TAS4 which encode ta-siRNAs. ^[1]

Concerning Biosynthesis and a bit about discovery, I know that Kate mentions the involvement of RDR6, but i think that it would be helpful to make the distinction that the involvement of RDR6 differentiates trans-acting siRNAs from miRNAs.^[2] The article already points out how they act in trans and are therefore different than siRNAs which require a full complement.

Discovery

Trans-acting siRNAs were discovered using Arabidopsis plants with mutant zip-1, sgs3-11, and rdr6-11 genes. mRNA of Two genes (At1g63130 and At5g18040) only accumulated in sgs3-11 and rdr-11 mutants and further study revealed that several endogenous 21-nt sRNAs were partially complementary to the mRNAs. The sRNAs were not siRNAs because they were only partially complementary, nor were they miRNAs because miRNAs do no use RDR6. ^[2]

References

^ Meng Y, Shao C, Wang H, Chen M (December 2011). "The regulatory activities of plant microRNAs: a more dynamic perspective". Plant Physiol. 157 (4): 1583–95. doi:10.1104/pp.111.187088. PMC 3327222. PMID 22003084.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ ^a ^b Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS (October 2004). "SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis". Genes Dev. 18 (19): 2368–79. doi:10.1101/gad.1231804. PMC 522987. PMID 15466488.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[abc-1] Meng Y, Shao C, Wang H, Chen M (December 2011). "The regulatory activities of plant microRNAs: a more dynamic perspective". Plant Physiol. 157 (4): 1583–95. doi:10.1104/pp.111.187088. PMC 3327222. PMID 22003084.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[xyz-2] Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS (October 2004). "SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis". Genes Dev. 18 (19): 2368–79. doi:10.1101/gad.1231804. PMC 522987. PMID 15466488.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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