In academia, several courses offered at institutions incorporate rhetorical stance. Speech and English departments, especially, have implemented this tactic in their educational plans. In speech classes, rhetorical stance is used when the speaker, the student presenting, is addressing the audience, his/her classmates. Speakers use anchorage and relay to appeal to their audience. Anchorage uses images to assist the speaker/author get specific points across, while relay uses moving images, such as videos, comic strips, etc. to do the same. Speakers and authors adjust their rhetorical stance to accommodate a particular audience. When the speaker is talking, they alter their rhetorical stance and use various techniques for different audiences based off of the particular situation (Winterowd, 1981). There are several ways that a speaker or writer can make their audience feel a connection or relation to them. A particular pronoun can make the audience feel either included or excluded. If the author says, for example, “All of us Europeans are well traveled,” it implies that all of “us” Europeans agree with the fact that they are well traveled. However, if a non-European reads this or listens to it in a speech, they will not feel a connection to the speaker or author, making them feel very antagonistic (Lunsford, 1999, p. 26-27). --- correctly formatted citations to be added to final draft!

The Rhetorical Triangle and the Rhetorical Tetrahedron

The "rhetorical triangle", a diagram that explains the elements of rhetoric, has evolved into the "rhetorical tetrahedron." The original triangle includes 3 points- the writer, audience, and message. The "writer" section represents the author and any aspects that influence their work. The "audience" is who the author will be putting they point across to. Lastly, the "message" represents what the author writes, such as the claims and information. Each of these three points affect one another. The rhetorical tetrahedron, on the other hand, carries these three points, along with adding context to the picture. Context is included by incorporating medium, design, and genre to the triangle. It is essentially the "how" of the three original pieces. Without these aspects, rhetorical stance is hard to obtain. Alongside the content of the message, the design or medium of something is extremely significant. One can use the rhetorical tetrahedron in analyzing the rhetorical stance of a situation by considering the message of the work, the author, the intended audience, why the medium and genre were chosen, and how it was designed.